A Utility View of

Plug-In Electric Vehicles

Mike Rowand, Duke Energy

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PEV Value Chain From A Utility Perspective
Products
Energy Infra-
Cars and
Storage structure
Services

New Energy Requirements

Effective Management of PEV Load
Deployment of PEVs in Fleets
PEV as the Ultimate Smart
Appliance
PEVs as Catalyst for Regulatory and
Legislative Changes
 PEV Value Chain From A Utility Perspective
Products
Energy Infra-
Cars and
Storage structure
Services

PEV Battery R&D may be applicable

to grid storage systems
2nd life utilization in stationary
applications
Alternative 1st use of batteries to
increase production volume and
lower cost
PEV Value Chain From A Utility Perspective
Products
Energy Infra-
Cars and
Storage structure
Services

Charging Infrastructure is critical to

industry success
Evolving Business Models
3rd party ownership
Utility Ownership
Connectivity to Grid
Evolving Standards
Utility & Vehicle
Hardware, Software, Communications
PEV Value Chain From A Utility Perspective
Products
Energy Infra-
Cars and
Storage structure
Services

New Product & Service Opportunities

PEV as catalyst for new entrants into
retail energy services
Potential for increased customer
service requirements
Changing Customer relationships
Data ownership?
Duke Energy Efforts PEV Pilots
Charge Carolinas Pilot
- Intelligent EVSE for 150 Customers
- Data Collection, Customer Svc, Grid Impacts

Project Plug-IN
- Residential EVSE for ~100 Customers
-Retail and Workplace locations
-Collaboration with multiple partners

Envision Energy
- Integration with Home Energy Mgmt
- Impact with local Energy Storage and Solar

Utility Fleet Evaluation

- Pick-up Trucks
-Trouble Trucks
-Assigned & Pool Cars
 Sample of Early Data
Project Plug-IN Participants Average Usage

8.66 kWh Per 29 Miles Approx. $27/mo

Charge Session

Length of Charging Session Load Shape

25% 0.60

0.50
20%
0.40

kWh
15% 0.30

0.20
10%
0.10

5% -

0%
Hour 1 Hour 2 Hour 3 Hour 4 Hour 5 Hour 6 Hour 7 Hour 8

Observed Results
Average use of 8.66 kWh per charging session and approx. 29 miles driven
60% of charging sessions end in 4 hours or less.
 PEVs Impacts the Grid from Generator to Customer
Transmission Generation
Peak Capacity
Natural Diversity: 0.7 KW per
PEV (EPRI study)
Actual impact depends on
programs to manage charging

Minimal
Impact Sub Station and Circuits
Potential for upgrades sooner
than may be required otherwise

Local Infrastructure
Earliest Impacts, but manageable

Utilitys Core Business is Grid Mgmt

Central Air Conditioning
Computers and Data Centers
Distribution
Local Grid Impacts
Early analysis focused on effects Low Voltage
on transformers and services Transformer
Some upgrades required over time, Thermal Overload
but manageable
Overloaded Cable
Potential System Impacts:
Cold Load Pick Up
A Utility View of
Plug-In Electric Vehicles
Mike Rowand, Duke Energy

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