COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

LAB 3-4. LINK TECHNOLOGIES

Objective:

Familiarize students with Ethernet and Wi-Fi link technologies

Give students hand-on experience with Cisco packet tracer network
simulation software
Give students hand-on experience with Wi-Fi signal analysis tool

1 Ethernet cabling
The most commonly used Ethernet cable is UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair
copper cable. There are two types of UTP cabling straight though and
crossover, each type has two wiring schemes: T-568A and T-568B.

Your task:

Advise when straight-though cables and when crossover cables should

be used. Given an example for each situation.

Ans: Straight-through cables is used to connect different types of devices.

For example; connecting a computer to switch/hubs normal port. Crossover
cables is used to connect same types of devices. For example; connecting
two computers directly.

NIT1104 COMPUTER NETWORKS

Suraj Paudel
S4580892
 COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Which cable allow two computers be connected directly without the

need of using hub or switch? Use a single cable if your choice to connect
two computers and ping to verify they can be connected using only that
cable (optional task).

Ans: Crossover cable allow two computers be connected directly without the
need of using hub or switch.

2 MAC address discovery

MAC address is the physical address associated with each network interface at
the time of manufacturing. The MAC address of a device contains information
of the manufacturing vendor and the device local serial number.

Your task:

Discover the secrete of your PC MAC addresses

To perform this task, you will need the help from your PC operating system.

If you are running Windows:

1. Bring up Windows command prompt by executing cmd.exe

2. Inside the terminal window, execute command ipconfig /all

If you are running Mac OSX or Linux:

1. Bring up the system terminal facility

2. Execute command ifconfig

Locate all listed Ethernet and Wi-Fi interfaces and fill the following table:

Interface MAC (hardware) Manufacture Local serial number

address
Ethernet 50-9A-4C-BA-36-F2 Realtek N/A
Wi-Fi 54-13-79-59-48-5D Qualcomm N/A
Note: you can use the following website: http://www.macvendorlookup.com/
to find out information about the hardware manufacture

NIT1104 COMPUTER NETWORKS

Suraj Paudel
S4580892
 COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

3 Build simple Ethernet network

Create the following networks on Cisco Packet Tracer

Now, bring up the CLI of each switch on PT and set up the basic configuration
for each switch.

You need to set the switches names to SW1 and SW2.

Next, set the banner of the day for each switch to:
You have access to NIT1104 network. If you are here accidentally exit
immediately before any legal action will be taken against you
Next, set the password to access the switch privilege mode to: $-your-
student-id! and save the configuration to NVRAM.
Next, issue the command to show the switches CAM tables. Do you see
an empty CAM table? Do you know why? Now, go to each PC IP
configuration mode and select DHCP radio button (see picture below).

NIT1104 COMPUTER NETWORKS

Suraj Paudel
S4580892
 COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Next, issue the command to show the switches CAM tables. Report what
MAC addresses do you have in the tables? Do they match with the PC
MAC addresses? What happen if you change the PCs to another switch
ports?

Ans: The MAC addresses are:

1. 0001.97d1.e17a
2. 000c.8517.2e01
3. 0001.c7ba.2e96
Yes, they do match with the PC MAC addresses.
The MAC addresses still match with PC MAC addresses even if I
change PCs to another switch ports.

Finally, paste the configuration trace from your packet tracer here.
Ans:

Switch>enable
Switch#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#hostname NIT1104
NIT1104(config)#banner motd #You have access to NIT1104 network. If you are here
accidentally exit immediately before any legal action will be taken against you#
NIT1104(config)#enable password $s4580892
NIT1104(config)#
NIT1104(config)#end
NIT1104#copy running-config startup-config
NIT1104 COMPUTER NETWORKS
Suraj Paudel
S4580892
 COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
Destination filename [startup-config]?
Building configuration...
[OK]
NIT1104#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

NIT1104#show mac address-table

Mac Address Table
-------------------------------------------

Vlan Mac Address Type Ports

---- ----------- -------- -----

NIT1104#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to

up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to

up

NIT1104#show mac address-table

Mac Address Table
-------------------------------------------

Vlan Mac Address Type Ports

---- ----------- -------- -----

1 0001.97d1.e17a DYNAMIC Fa0/1

1 0001.c7ba.2e96 DYNAMIC Fa0/2
1 000c.8517.2e01 DYNAMIC Fa0/1
NIT1104#

4 Wi-Fi signal analysis To be done in Week 4

In this task, you will be using Vistumbler software to obtain information about
Wi-Fi networks and evaluate Wi-FI signal strength.

Vistumbler is a FREE Windows based Wi-Fi discovery/administration tool that

allows you see the Wi-Fi network picture surrounding.

Your task

NIT1104 COMPUTER NETWORKS

Suraj Paudel
S4580892
 COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Step 1: download and install the latest Vistumbler to your Windows PC.
Use Google to find Vistumbler download page. Record the software
release version and date.
Step 2: run Vistumbler and start scanning for APs. Remember to check if
the right WNIC is selected from the software Interface menu.
Step 3: after the scanning is done, a list of available APs will be shown.
Choose your home AP from its SSID for this task or you will be told by
the lab tutor which AP you should investigate.

Now, report the following information of the chosen SSID as you move away
from the AP in several directions. If it is possible, try to record the information
at different point with the AP in the center as shown in the picture

Direction -1

Distance Signal strength High Signal RSSI High RSSI

<5m 100% 100% -51dBm -39 dBm
10 m 96% 100% -48 dBm -38 dBm
20 m 95% 100% -42 dBm -38 dBm
30 m 91% 100% -41 dBm -38 dBm
40 m 88% 100% -32 dBm -38 dBm
NIT1104 COMPUTER NETWORKS
Suraj Paudel
S4580892
 COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Continue until signal strength equals 0

Repeat for other directions

What Signal, High signal, RSSI and High RSSI indicate?

Ans: Signal indicate an electrical impulse or radio wave transmitted or
received. High signal indicate the highest signal received. RSSI stands for
Received Signal Strength Indicator and High RSSI indicate the highest
signal strength.

Use your data to create a signal strength diagram which show the
variation of the signal as a function of distance.

Does the signal vary in the same way for all investigated directions?
Explain your observation.

Ans: Yes, the signal vary in the same way.

5 Lab submission
Put your name and student ID in this lab document and submit to VU
collaborate by the due date.

The lab work will contribute to your final assessment results.

NIT1104 COMPUTER NETWORKS

Suraj Paudel
S4580892