ELEKTROLISIS

1. (a) The half-reaction for formation of magnesium metal upon electrolysis of molten
MgCl2 is Mg2+(aq) + 2e- Mg(s) . Calculate the mass of magnesium formed upon
passage of a current of 60.0 A for a period of 4.00 x 10-3
(b) How many seconds would be required to produce 50.0 g of Mg from MgCl 2 if the
current is 100.0 A?
Jawab: Mg2+(aq) + 2e- Mg(s)
a. C = i.t
= 60 A x (4.00 x 103) s
= 2.4 x 105 C
F = 96485 C/mol e-
1 mol e
- 5
mol e = 2.4 x 10 C x 96485C = 2.487 mol e-

2 mol e
mol Mg = 2.487 mol e- x 1 mol Mg = 1.2435 mol Mg

24.3050 g
massa Mg = 1.2435 mol x = 30,22 gram
1mol
e .i .t
b. w =
96485
24.3050
x 100 x t
50 g Mg = 2
96485
t = 3.969 x 103 s

2. (a) A Cr3+(aq) solution is electrolyzed, using a current of 7.60 A. What mass of Cr (s) is
plated out after 2.00 days? (b)What amperage is required to plate out 0.250 mol Cr
from a solution in a period of 8.00 h?
Jawab: Cr3+(aq) + 3e- Cr(s)
24 hour 60 min 60 sec
a. t = 2 days x x x = 172800 s
1 day 1 hour 1 min
C = i.t
= 7.60 A x 172800 s
= 1313280 C
F = 96485 C/mol e-
1 mol e
mol e- = 1313280 C x 96485C = 13.611 mol e-

2 mol e
mol Cr = 13.611 mol e- x 1 mol Mg = 4.537 mol Cr

52 g
massa Cr = 4.537 mol x = 235.92 gram
1 mol
60 min 60 sec
b. t = 8 hour x x = 28800 s
1 hour 1 min
 52 gr
massa Cr = 0.250 mol x = 13 gr
1 mol
e .i .t
w=
96485
52
x i x 28800
13 g Cr = 3
96485
t = 2.51 A

3. Metallic magnesium can be made by the electrolysis of molten MgCl 2.(a)What mass
of Mg is formed by passing a current of 4.55 A through molten MgCl 2, for 4.50 days?
(b) How many minutes are needed to plate out 25.00 g Mg from molten MgCl 2 using
3.50 A of current?
Jawab: Mg2+(aq) + 2e- Mg(s)
24 hour 60 min 60 sec
a. t = 4.50 days x x x = 388800 s
1 day 1 hour 1 min
C = i.t
= 4.55 A x 388800 s
= 1769040 C
F = 96485 C/mol e-
1 mol e
mol e- = 1769040 C x 96485C = 18.335 mol e-

2 mol e
mol Mg = 18.335 mol e- x 1 mol Mg = 9.1675 mol Mg

24.3050 g
massa Mg = 9.1675 mol x = 222.816 gram
1mol
e .i .t
b. w =
96485
24.3050
x 3.50 x t
25 g Mg = 2
96485
t = 56710.84 s
= 945.18 min

4. (a) Calculatthe mass of Li formed by electrolysis of molten LiCl by a current of 7.5

x 104A flowing for a period of 24 h. Assume the electrolytic cell is 85% efficient. (b)
What is the minimum voltage required to drive the reaction?
Jawab: Li+(aq) + e- Li(s)
60 min 60 sec
a. t = 24 hour x x = 86400 s
1 hour 1 min
F = 96485 C/mol efisiensi 100%
96485C F
Efisiensi sel 85% = 0.85 mol x = 113511.76
1F 0.85mol
C/mol
e . i. t
w=
113511.76
 6.938
x 7 5000 x 86400
w Li = 1
113511.76
= 396066.8 gr
= 3.96 x 105 gr Li
b. Li+(aq) + e- Li(s) Ered = -3.05 V
Cl2(g) + 2e- 2Cl-(aq) Ered = +1.36 V

katode : Li+(aq) + e- Li(s) Ered = -3.05 V

anode : 2Cl-(aq) Cl2(g) + 2e- Ered = -1.36 V
2Li+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) 2Li(s) + Cl2(g) Esel = -4.41 V
Jadi, tegangan minimum yang dibutuhkan agar reaksi berlangsung ialah -4.41 V

5. Elemental calcium is produced by the electrolysis of molten CaCl2. (a) What mass of
calcium can be produced by this process if a current of 7.5 x 10 3A is applied for 48 h?
Assume that the electrolytic cell is 68% efficient.(b) What is the minimum voltage
needed to cause the electrolysis
Jawab: Ca2+(aq) + 2e- Ca(s)
60 min 60 sec
a. t = 48 hour x x = 172800 s
1 hour 1 min
F = 96485 C/mol efisiensi 100%
96485C F
Efisiensi sel 68% = 0.68 mol x = 141889.70
1F 0.68 mol
C/mol
e . i. t
w=
113511.76
40
x 7 500 x 172800
w Ca = 2
141889.70
= 182677.11 gr
= 1.827 x 105 gr Ca
b. Ca2+(aq) + 2e- Ca(s) Ered = -2.87 V
Cl2(g) + 2e- 2Cl-(aq) Ered = +1.36 V

katode : Ca2+(aq) + 2e- Ca(s) Ered = -2.87 V

anode : 2Cl-(aq) Cl2(g) + 2e- Ered = -1.36 V
Ca2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) Ca(s) + Cl2(g) Esel = -4.23 V
Jadi, tegangan minimum yang dibutuhkan agar reaksi berlangsung ialah -4.41 V