Universidad Autnoma del Estado de Mxico

Facultad de qumica

Licenciatura en ingeniera qumica

Ingls c1

Secador solar

Autores:

Cern Ferrusca Montserrat

Gonzlez Granados Valeria Azucena
Gutirrez Romero Jessica
Hinojosa Gutirrez Guadalupe
Almeida Tllez Anah Montserrat
Alan Gerardo Gonzlez Garca

Docente:
Sandra Rub Estrada Molina

Toluca, Mxico; 27 de mayo del 2015

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 INDEX

PAGE

1. INTRODUCTION. 3
2. JUSTIFICATION. 4
3. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION. 5
4. MATERIALS 5
4.1 BUILDING PROCESS 5
5. PROYECT COST. 7
6. RESULTS. 8
7. CONCLUSIONS. 9
8. REFERENCES. 10

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 1. INTRODUCTION.
A solar dryer is characterized as being an instrument that can dehydrate foods
(fruits, vegetables, meat, leaves, fruit seeds, etc.), primarily to improve the quality
of product.

The solar dryer uses solar energy to extract most of water from fruits naturally,
efficiently, economically and most importantly, environmentally friendly.

Construction of a solar dryer is based on the application of a simple and

appropriate technology to be applied both domestically and for small companies or
for Community industries. Its application permits food preservation, such as fruits
and vegetables, which when dried hold a high proportion of its original nutritional
value.

The drying process removes food the quantity of water required for the appearance
of destructive effects as molds, yeasts, bacteria and enzymes, that is to say, it
makes them more resistant to damage and, therefore, can be preserved longer.
The use of a solar dryer provides several advantages from the practical and
economical point of view.

If you have a way to preserve food, waste that can be caused by an overproduction
it is reduced; you can buy products in season, when they are cheaper, and keep
dried for use when they are out of season; with this process, you can get nutritious,
healthy and economic snacks avoiding the consumption of scrap products.

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 2. JUSTIFICATION

We chose this project as the most viable because of the following:

a) Economically accesible.
b) Promote awareness of conservation and care of the environment.
c) Be efficient and help people without access to great technologies.

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 3. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION.

By circulating a flow of hot air through food, the solar dryer removes moisture
from these through moisture absorption. There are several types of solar
dryers, which we implement is indirect, where the solar collector and drying
chamber are separated.

Its operating principle is based on two transfer processes:

Power: Solar radiation provides heat to the air through the collector.
Mass: The feed water passes into water vapor that evaporates, eliminating
the hot air coming out of the camera.

4. MATERIALS.

Pieces of wood (which can be recycled)

mesh mosquito net
Nails
Black Trash Bag
Transparent pvc tablecloth

4.1 BUILDING PROCESS.

Solar collector.

We use bits of wood and nails to build the structure of our collector. we cover the
bottom with a black plastic bag. For the air inlet was placed a fireplace elaborated
with mesh mosquito net on the front.

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Finally, we place a clear plastic cover. The use of glass instead of acrylic is more
appropriate; however following the requirement of recycle and economization we
use the above materials.

Drying chamber.

The structure is constructed similarly with wood. Inside were placed guides to the
drying trays. The trays were built with mosquito net fabric and wood

Assembly

The drying chamber goes vertically while the solar collector goes horizontally, for
unite them we nail the solar collector in horizontally with a slight angle

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 5. PROYECT COST.

As mentioned above, one of the requirements of the project is the recycle of

components. The construction of solar dryer complied amply with this
requirement, since the cost of armed was lower. While the dimensions of the
solar dryer are reduced, their didactic value and the results obtained are pretty
good.

Below is presented a list of the components used we can see that the material
had to buy was lower.

MATERIAL COST
Pieces of Wood Recycled
Fiberglass fly screen $10.00
Nails $5.00
Black Trash Bag $5.00
Transparent pvc tablecloth Recycled

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 6. RESULTS.

The result was quite satisfactory. Once finished, we did some tests with bananas
and apples. Dehydrated quality was quite good despite being the first time we did
and therefore we still need to develop skill and experience on the process of
preparing food for dehydrated and control of time that must remain the food in the
dryer.

The dryer is built great experimental value, since we are very useful to test different
methods of food preparation before to dehydrate process. For example, to prevent
oxidation can be used an acid solution (lime), to improve its taste can be bathed
with saline solution, etc. We can also experiment the times that food must remain
within the drying chamber.

Finally, the knowledge acquired with the construction of solar dryer is useful to
undertake the construction of a larger capacity, improving many aspects with
respect to the present, for example, improve the flow of air either with a better
design of the chimney or help him with a fan system powered by a photovoltaic
cell.

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 7. CONCLUSIONS.

As a conclusin, the solar dryer works propertly, which means that we achive our
goals.
In addition, this proyect give us the oportunity to apply our learned knowledge as
well as generate and improve the needed skills to perform in the society.
Finally, carryed out the dehydration process, we obtain preserves and healthy
snacks.

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 8. REFERENCES.

1) http://www.quimica.urv.es/~w3siiq/DALUMNES/99/siiq51/Seca.html
2) http://www.solucionespracticas.org
3) http://fao.org/Wairdocs/X5403S/x5403s0d.htm
4) http://www.aee-intec.at/0uploads/dateien553.pdf
5) http://www.aee-intec.at/0uploads/dateien553.pdf

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