Sample Question

Antenna and Wave Propagation (ECE 702)

ECE 7th Sem

1. Explain the operation of end fire array of two isotropic point sources.
2. Explain the following terms:
i) Radiation pattern
ii) ii) Radiation intensity
iii) iii) Radiation resistance
iv) Directivity
v) Gain
vi) Beam-width
vii) half-power beam width
viii) Front to back ratio
ix) Beam Efficiency
x) Effective Height
xi) Aperture Efficiency
xii) Antenna Efficiency
xiv) Beam Area
xv) Isotropic, non-isotropic and omni-directional source
xvi) What do you mean by Infinitesimal Dipole?
xvii) What is meant by retarded current?
xviii) Define antenna Beam width?
xx) Define Radiation Intensity. What is the relation between radiation intensity and total
power radiated by an antenna?
xxi) What is the effective aperture of an antenna and how it is related to gain?
3. Prove that the directivity D 4 , where A is the beam area in steradians.
A
4. How are radiations created from a short dipole?
5. For an antenna having an effective temperature of 200K, calculate available noise power
per unit bandwidth.
6. Define radiation field and induction field. At what distance from the dipole is the induction
field equal to the radiation field?
7. Explain briefly linearly wire antennas.
8. A short vertical grounded antenna is designed to radiate at 10MHz. Calculate, the
radiation resistance, if the effective height of antenna is 60 meters.
9. An antenna with effective aperture (Aem) and directivity (D) is operating at wavelength ().
D 2
Show that Aem
4
10. Deduce the Friis Transmission formula, Pr = Pt ; where the symbols have their usual
meanings.
11. An antenna has a loss resistance 25 , power gain of 30 and directivity 42. Calculate its
radiation resistance.
12. What is the radiation resistance of antenna which radiates 5kW when it draws 15A
Current?
13. What do you mean by polarization of a uniform plane wave? Determine the polarization of
the following uniform plane wave: E = 1Cos(t+z) ax -2 Sin(t+z-45) ay
14. Define Polarization? Explain the different types of polarization in detail.
15. What is Effective Length of an Antenna? Determine the Effective Length of a Half Dipole
Antenna.
16. Starting from the Maxwells equations for the time varying electric and magnetic fields and
using Lorentz gauge condition show that the magnetic vector potential and electric scalar

potential obey the wave equations given by 2 A A J and V V ; where
2

symbols have their usual meanings.

17. Derive the fields radiated from a short electric dipole. List the far field components.
Determine its radiation resistance and directivity.
18. A magnetic field strength 5 A / m is required at a point on = /2, 2 Km from an
antenna in air. Neglecting ohmic loss, how much power must the antenna transmit if it is
a Hertzian dipole of length /15?
19. Derive Expression for the Electric and Magnetic Fields due to small loop. (X)
20. A certain antenna with an efficiency of 95% has maximum radiation intensity of 0.5 W/sr.
Calculate its directivity when
(a) The input power is 0.4 W
(b) The radiated power is 0.3 W

21. Determine the electric field intensity at a distance of 10 km from an antenna having a
directive gain of 5 dB and radiating a total power of 20 kW.

22. The transmitting and receiving antennas are separated by a distance of 200 and have
directive gains of 25 and 18 dB, respectively. If 5 mW of power is to be received by the
receiving antenna, calculate the minimum transmitted power.

23. An antenna in air radiates a total power of 100 kW so that maximum radiated electric field
strength is 12 mV/m. The field is measured at 20 km from the antenna. Find: (a) its
directivity in dB, (b) its maximum power gain if its radiation efficiency r = 98%.
24. Define different antenna efficiencies associated with the losses and structure of the
antenna and write down their relationship. A lossless resonant half-wavelength dipole
antenna, with input impedance of 73 ohms, is connected to a transmission line whose
characteristics impedance is 50 ohms. Assuming that the pattern of the antenna is given
approximately by
U = B0 sin3 .
Determine the total maximum gain and absolute gain of the antenna.
25. What do you mean by antenna temperature? If an antenna is connected to a receiver
through a lossy transmission line, calculate the system noise power at the receiver
terminals in terms of the effective system noise temperature and band width.