INTRODUCTION TO LAW

FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF LAW

ATTY. MARY ROCELYN LIM

Introduction to Law

Workshop 1: Digest and CRAC Method

I. Definition of Laws
Rolando A. Suarez, Introduction to Law
SEC-OGC Opinion No. 08-22
US v. Trinidad, G.R. No. L-3023, January 16, 1907, 7 PHIL 325-329
People v. Veneracion, G.R. Nos. 119987-88, October 12, 1995, 319 PHIL 364-380
II. Classification of Laws
Rolando A. Suarez, Introduction to Law
Bernabe v. Alejo, G.R. No. 140500, January 21, 2002, 424 PHIL 933-945
Sebastian v. Morales, G.R. No. 141116, February 17, 2003, 445 PHIL 595-609
Rural Bank of Milaor v. Ocfemia, G.R. No. 137686, February 8, 2000, 381 PHIL 911
(Separate Opinion of J. Vitug)
United States v. Serapio, G.R. No. 7557, December 7, 1912, 23 PHIL 584
III. Sources of Laws
Rolando A. Suarez, Introduction to Law
Milagros Santos-Ong, Legal Research and Legal Citations for the Philippines (2013)
The Solicitor General v. Metropolitan Manila Authority, G.R. No. 102782,
December 11, 1991
Central Bank Employees Association, Inc. v. Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, G.R. No.
148208, December 15, 2004, 487 PHIL 531 (Main Decision only)
Nestle Philippines, Inc. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 86738, November 13, 1991
Veterans Federation of the Phil. v. Reyes, G.R. No. 155027, February 28, 2006, 518
PHIL 668
Peralta v. Civil Service Commission, G.R. No. 95832, August 10, 1992
IV. Legal Systems of the World vis--vis Philippine Legal System
Rolando A. Suarez, Introduction to Law
Antonio M. Santos, A Guide to Philippine Legal Information (2013), pp. 16-20
In re: Shoop, November 29, 1920
V. History of Philippine Laws
Milagros Santos-Ong, Legal Research and Legal Citations for the Philippines (2013),
pp. 45-53
Antonio M. Santos, A Guide to Philippine Legal Information (2013), pp. 6-15
Rufus Rodriguez, Legal Research (2002), pp. 83-149
VI. Effects and Applications of Law

Articles 1-13, Civil Code of the Philippines

Ml
Date of Effectivity
Taada v. Tuvera, G.R. No. 63915, April 24, 1985, 220 PHIL 422-444
Nagkakaisang Maralita ng Sitio Masigasig, Inc. v. Military Shrine Services,
 G.R. No. 187587, 187654, June 5, 2013, 710 PHIL 317-327
Philippine International Trading Corp. v. Angeles, G.R. No. 108461, October 21,
1996, 331 PHIL 723-752
Dadole v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 125350, December 3, 2002, 441 PHIL 532-
551

Ignorance of the Law

Opea v. Luna, A.M. No. P-02-1549, December 16, 2005, 514 PHIL 345-351
D.M. Consunji, Inc. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 137873, April 20, 2001, 409 PHIL
275-302
In re Medado, B.M. No. 2540, September 24, 2013, 718 PHIL 286-294
Bureau of Customs v. Devanadera, G.R. No. 193253, September 8, 2015

Retroactivity
Gauvain v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 97973, 97998, January 27, 1992.

Exceptions
Spouses Curata v. Philippine Ports Authority, G.R. Nos. 154211-12,
158252, 166200, 168272, 170683, 173392, June 22, 2009, 608 PHIL 9-
154
People v. Lacson, G.R. No. 149453, April 1, 2003, 448 PHIL 317-463
Jarillo v. People, G.R. No. 164435, June 29, 2010, 636 PHIL 25-27
Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Marubeni Corp., G.R. No. 137377,
December 18, 2001, 423 PHIL 862-888
Bona v. Briones, G.R. No. 10806, July 6, 1918, 38 PHIL 276-282
Adamson University v. Adamson University Faculty and Employees
Association, G.R. No. 86819 (Resolution), November 9, 1989, 258-A
PHIL 862-869
Manuel L. Quezon University v. National Labor Relations Commission,
G.R. No. 141673, October 17, 2001, 419 PHIL 776-783

Exceptions to the Exceptions

Valeroso v. People, G.R. No. 164815, February 22, 2008, 570 PHIL 58-79
Camacho v. Court of Industrial Relations, G.R. No. L-1505, May 12,
1948, 80 PHIL 848-859

Mandatory or prohibitory laws shall be void

Far East Bank & Trust Co. v. Marquez, G.R. No. 147964, January 20, 2004, 465 PHIL
276-290
Vitug v. Abuda, G.R. No. 201264, January 11, 2016

Waiver of Rights
Mabugay-Otamias v. Republic, G.R. No. 189516, June 8, 2016
People v. Donato, G.R. No. 79269, June 5, 1991, 275 PHIL 146-175
Development Bank of the Phils. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. L-28774 (Resolution),
September 21, 1982, 202 PHIL 200-212
PEFTOK Integrated Services, Inc. v. National Labor Relations Commission, G.R. No.
124841, July 31, 1998, 355 PHIL 247-254
 Carmelcraft Corp. v. National Labor Relations Commission, G.R. Nos. 90634-35,
June 6, 1990, 264 PHIL 763-771
Interorient Maritime Enterprises, Inc. v. Remo, G.R. No. 181112, June 29, 2010, 636
PHIL 240-253

Repeal of Laws and its Types

Magno v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 147904, October 4, 2002, 439 PHIL
339-349
Palanca v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 106685, December 2, 1994
Valera v. Tuason, Jr., G.R. No. L-1276, April 30, 1948, 80 PHIL 823-829
Villegas v. Subido, G.R. No. L-31711, September 30, 1971], 148-B PHIL 668-677
United States v. Soliman, G.R. No. 11555, January 6, 1917, 36 PHIL 5-26

Non-Observance
David v. Dancel, G.R. No. L-21485, July 26, 1966, 124 PHIL 88-96

Faithfulness to the Constitution

Bartolome v. Social Security System, G.R. No. 192531, November 12, 2014
Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. San Roque Power Corp., G.R. No. 187485,
196113, 197156 (Resolution), October 8, 2013

Custom
In Re: Sycip, Salazar, Feliciano, Hernandez & Castillo, G.R. No. X92-1 (Resolution),
July 30, 1979
Yao Kee v. Sy-Gonzales, G.R. No. 55960, November 24, 1988, 249 PHIL 681-696

Computation of Periods
Sec. 31, Book I of EO 292 (Administrative Code of 1987)
National Mktg. Corp. v. Tecson, G.R. No. L-29131, August 27, 1969, 139 PHIL 584-
589
Rule on Contracts

VII. Interpretation of the Law

Article 10, Civil Code of the Philippines
Amatan v. Aujero, A.M. No. RTJ-93-956 (Resolution), September 27, 1995, 318 PHIL
611-619

VIII. Case Law

Rufus Rodriguez, Legal Research (2002) pp. 150-181
Antonio M. Santos, A Guide to Philippine Legal Information (2013), pp. 104-143
Article 8-9, Civil Code of the Philippines

Jurisprudence
Co v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 100776, October 28, 1993
Lazatin v. Desierto, G.R. No. 147097, June 5, 2009, 606 PHIL 271-285
 Philippine Bank of Communications v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, G.R. No.
112024, January 28, 1999, 361 PHIL 916-933
Tan Chong v. Secretary of Labor, G.R. No. 47616, 47623, September 16, 1947, 79
PHIL 249-261

Duty to Render Judgment

Reyes v. Lim, G.R. No. 134241, August 11, 2003, 456 PHIL 1-14
Silverio v. Republic, G.R. No. 174689, October 19, 2007, 562 PHIL 953-974
Pagasian v. Azura, A.M. No. RTJ-89-425, April 17, 1990, 263 PHIL 310-314

Stare Decisis
De Mesa v. Pepsi Cola Products Phils. Inc., G.R. Nos. 153063-70, August 19, 2005,
504 PHIL 685-691
Ayala Corp. v. Rosa-Diana Realty and Development Corp., G.R. No. 134284,
December 1, 2000, 400 PHIL 511-531

Res Judicata
Degayo v. Magbanua-Dinglasan, G.R. No. 173148, April 6, 2015
Riviera Golf Club, Inc. v. CCA Holdings, B.V., G.R. No. 173783 , June 17, 2015

Ratio Decidendi
Ong Ching Klan Chung v. China National Cereals Oil & Foodstuffs Import and
Export Corp., G.R. No. 131502, June 8, 2000, 388 PHIL 1064-1078

Obiter Dictum
Villanueva, Jr. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 142947, March 19, 2002, 429 PHIL 194-
207

IX. Law and Equity

Agra v. Philippine National Bank, G.R. No. 133317, June 29, 1999, 368 PHIL 829-
850
Santos v. de Leon, G.R. No. 36799, September 13, 1934, 60 PHIL 573-576
Reyes v. Lim, G.R. No. 134241, August 11, 2003, 456 PHIL 1-14
Moll v. Buban, G.R. No. 136974, August 27, 2002, 436 PHIL 627-640
Tupas v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 89571 (Resolution), February 6, 1991, 271 PHIL
628-633
Spouses Imbong v. Ochoa, Jr., G.R. Nos. 204819, 204934, 204957, 204988, 205003,
205043, 205138, 205478, 205491, 205720, 206355, 207111, 207172, 207563, April
8, 2014 (Ponencia, only the part of Natural Law)
Introduction to Specific Branches of Law

X. Political and International Law

Parts of Political Law
i. Constitutional Law I
ii. Constitutional Law II
iii. Administrative Law and Law on Public Officers
iv. Election Law
v. Local Government
vi. Public International Law
Political Law Report (Group 1)
XI. Labor Law
Parts of Labor Law
Labor Law Report (Group 2)
XII. Civil Law
Parts of Civil Law
i. Persons and Family Law
ii. Private International Law
iii. Property
iv. Obligations and Contracts (and Prescription)
v. Sales
vi. Succession
vii. Partnership, Agency and Compromise
viii. Credit Transactions and Lease
ix. Land Titles and Deeds
x. Torts, Damages, and Human relations
Civil Law Report (Group 3)
XIII. Tax Law
Parts of Tax Law
i. General Principles
ii. Income Taxation
iii. Estate Tax
iv. Donors Tax
v. VAT
vi. Tax Remedies
vii. Local Government Taxes
viii. Tariff and Customs Code
ix. Judicial Remedies
Tax Law Report (Group 4)
XIV. Mercantile Law
Parts of Mercantile Law
i. Letters of Credit
ii. Trust Receipts Law
iii. Negotiable Instruments Law
iv. Insurance Code
v. Transportation Law
vi. Corporation Law (Special Project: Subparts)
vii. Securities Regulation Code
 viii. Banking Laws
ix. Intellectual Property Code
x. Special Laws: Chattel Mortgage, AMLA and FIA
Mercantile Law Report (Group 5)
XV. Criminal Law
Parts of Criminal Law
i. Book I
1. General Principles
2. Circumstances Affecting Liability
3. Persons Liable
4. Penalties
ii. Book II
1. Crimes Against National Security
2. Crimes Against the Fundamental Laws of the State
3. Crimes Against Public Order
4. Crimes Against Public Interest
5. Crimes Relative to Prohibited Drugs
6. Crimes Against Public Morals
7. Crimes Committed by Public Officers
8. Crimes Against Persons
9. Crimes Against Personal Liberty and Security
10. Crimes Against Property
11. Crimes Against Chastity
12. Crimes Against Civil Status
13. Crimes Against Honor
14. Criminal Negligence
Criminal Law Report (Group 6)
XVI. Remedial Law
Parts of Remedial Law
i. Civil Procedure
ii. Special Proceedings
iii. Criminal Procedure
iv. Evidence
v. Summary Procedure, Small Claims, and KBL
vi. Legal Forms
Remedial Law Report (Group 7)
XVII. Legal and Judicial Ethics
a. Parts of Legal and Judicial Ethics
i. General Principles
ii. Responsibilities of a Lawyer
iii. Discipline of Lawyers
iv. Admission to the Bar
v. Qualities of Judges and Justices
vi. Discipline of Judges and Justices