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Wire Symbols
SPST Relay
Relay open / close connection by an electromagnet
SPDT Relay
Ground Symbols
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Used for zero potential reference and electrical shock
Earth Ground protection.
Resistor Symbols
Resistor (IEEE)
Resistor reduces the current flow.
Resistor (IEC)
Potentiometer (IEEE)
Adjustable resistor - has 3 terminals.
Potentiometer (IEC)
Variable Resistor /
Rheostat (IEEE)
Adjustable resistor - has 2 terminals.
Variable Resistor /
Rheostat (IEC)
Photoresistor / Light
dependent resistor (LDR) Photo-resistor - change resistance with light intensity change
Capacitor Symbols
Capacitor
Capacitor is used to store electric charge. It acts as short
circuit with AC and open circuit with DC.
Capacitor
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Variable Inductor
Meter Symbols
Allows current flow in one direction, but also can flow in the
Zener Diode
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reverse direction when above breakdown voltage
Tunnel Diode
Transistor Symbols
NPN Bipolar Transistor Allows current flow when high potential at base (middle)
PNP Bipolar Transistor Allows current flow when low potential at base (middle)
Misc. Symbols
Fuse
The fuse disconnects when current above threshold. Used to
protect circuit from high currents.
Fuse
Bus
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Bus Contains several wires. Usually for data / address.
Bus
Optocoupler / Opto-
Optocoupler isolates connection to other board
isolator
Analog-to-digital
Converts analog signal to digital numbers
converter (ADC)
Digital-to-Analog
Converts digital numbers to analog signal
converter (DAC)
Antenna Symbols
Antenna / aerial
Transmits & receives radio waves
Antenna / aerial
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D Flip-Flop Stores one bit of data
Multiplexer / Mux 2 to 1
Connects the output to selected input line.
Multiplexer / Mux 4 to 1
Demultiplexer / Demux 1
Connects selected output to the input line.
to 4
See also
Electrical components
Electrical units
Capacitor
Resistor
Inductor
Current
Voltage
Ohm's law
Switch symbols
Ground symbols
Resistor symbols
Capacitor symbols
Diode symbols
Transistor symbols
AC/DC DC/DC
Fundamentals
Design Procedure for AC/DC
Circuits Switching Regulator
Basics and More
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ELECTRICITY & ELECTRONICS
Electrical terms
Electrical units
Electrical symbols
Electronic components
Electronic laws
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