STEEL DETAILING GUIDE Sample Version PDF

STRUCTURES Online Steel Detailing
STRUCTURES Online
STEEL DETAILING
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STEP BY STEP GUIDE

ON AISC STANDARD
Moti Lal
Md. Azharul Haque
By: Moti Lal & Md. Azharul Haque
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WORK FLOW
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a) Project Crew
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b) Post Pyramid
c) Detailing Process
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d) Activity Type
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a) Project Crew
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OWNER
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ARCHITECT GENERAL
CONTRACTOR
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CONSULTANTS
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SUB CONTRACTOR - SUB CONTRACTOR -

STEEL FABRICATOR R.C.C.
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CIVIL MEP
LANDSCAPING CONSULTANT - STEEL

DETAILING COMPANY
STRUCTURAL

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GENERAL TERMS
a) Steel Detailing, Fabricator & Detailer
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b) FPS System
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c) Contract Documents
d) RFI
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e) ABM
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f) Auto CAD, CNC, DXF, BIM, KSS
g) Steel Detailing Stages
h) ! Scale, Drawing Standard
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a) Steel Detailing, Fabricator & Detailer:
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Any kind of building or structure may have steel skeleton. Such Steel skeleton is built up of steel
components like column, beam, braces etc. These components are made up of raw materials of the
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steel. The raw steel is produced at a rolling mill by steel manufacturing organizations.
The General contractor of the project awards the structural steel subcontract to a fabricator. The
responsibility of the fabricator is to fabricate the various structural steel components for on time
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delivery to the job site to meet the contractors construction schedule.

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A person who prepares shop drawings for a steel fabrication is known a Steel detailer. Steel detailer
follows the design drawings & specifications prepared by the structural engineer & Architect to prepare
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the Erection & shop drawings.
The design documents are normally not in the format, which can be utilized by fabricator or General
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contractor. So here Steel detailer translates the design data into information that the fabricator &
erector need to actually build the structure.
The Fabrication shop, where structural steel is cut, punched, drilled, bolted & welded into shipping
pieces for subsequent field erection. Steel erector, who receives the shipping pieces from Steel
fabricator on the Job site to place them at proper location in the building.

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SPATIAL ABILITY
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Spatial ability is the mental manipulation of objects and their parts in 2D and 3D space.
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It will provide an accurate and complete picture for every object in terms of shape and
size.
Gaspard Monge when he started as an Engineer in the French Military. He devised a sys-
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tem that could be used to communicate an object to anyone across the world. This sys-
tem is called Orthographic Projection and was quickly adopted by army engineers.
Orthographic view means representing a 3D object in 2D drawing by projecting all edges

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on a plane so that all projection lines are ortho (Perpendicular) to the plane and parallel
with each other.
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Are these two objects dierent or identical by merely rotating?

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Which figures at rights side matches with the extreme left side by rotating?
By: Moti Lal & Md. Azharul Haque 10
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ELLIPSE ORTHO PROJECTION
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Outside/Self-Rotation Outside/Array-
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Rotation
Inside/Self-Rotation Inside/Array-Rotation
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Figure 1.1
The Four Transformation Types.
OBJECT ROTATION & RELATION
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Spatial Relation Spatial Visualization

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Imagining the rotations

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Imagining the rotation of objects and their part

od 3D, 3D objects as a in 3D Space in a
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whole body holistic as well piece by

piece fashion
ORTHO VIEWS ON HORIZONTAL AND

VERTICAL PLANE
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RAW 2 BUILDING MATERIALS
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CMU means concrete masonry unit using in the wall system. Pilaster are also made up of
CMU and used as column.
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Their actual sizes are 3/8 less than nominal sizes. Design mentions nominal sizes.
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Central segment width is 1 and perimeter wall is 1 1/4 thick. 8 nominal size CMU is
widely used and below are the pic:
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Concrete wall can be either Cast-in-situ or Precast. Precast wall are also called as
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Concrete panel, which are usually casted in the workshop and transported to the site for
erection. In either case nominal thickness is equal to actual thickness.
GA Materials means Gage plates, which are usually less than 1/4 thickness. Following
are generally used thicknesses:
8GA=0.1644, 9GA=0.1495, 10GA=0.1345, 11GA=0.1196, 12GA=0.1046,

13GA=0.0897, 14GA=0.0747, 15GA=0.0673, 16GA=0.0598
Metal Stud is used to make wall, column, roof and they are in C shape picture below:
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manufactures as-
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sociation) pro-
vides the guide-
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lines for all type

of studs.
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Gypsum board of 5/8 thick are generally used to both or one side of the stud wall.
STRUCTURES
K SERIESOnline
OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS Steel Detailing
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ANCHORAGE TO STEEL ANCHORAGE TO MASONARY BOLTED CONNECTION*
SEE SJI SPECIFICATION 5.3 (b) AND SEE SJI SPECIFICATION 5.3 (a) AND TYPICALLY REQUIRED AT COLUMNS
5.6 5.6
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CEILING EXTENSION BOTTOM CHORD STRUT HEADERS
Note: If header does not bear at a Joist Panel Point
ACCESSORIES AND DETAILS add extra web in field as shown.
EW or Panel Point by Vulcraft
K SERIES OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS

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HORIZONTAL BRIDGING
SEE SJI SPECIFICATION 5.5 AND 6. BRIDGING ANCHORS
SEE SJI SPECIFICATION 5.5 AND 6.
NOTE: DO NOT WELD BRIDGING TO JOIST WEB MEMBERS.
DO NOT HANG ANY MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL, ETC. FROM BRIDGING. ACCESSORIES AND DETAILS
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LH & DLH SERIES LONGSPAN STEEL JOISTS

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ANCHORAGE TO STEEL ANCHORAGE TO MASONRY BOLTED CONNECTION

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SEE SJI SPECIFICATION SEE SJI SPECIFICATION See Note (c)

104.4 (b) AND 104.7 (b) 104.4 (a) AND 104.7 (a) Typically required at columns
CEILING EXTENSION BOTTOM CHORD EXTENSION TOP CHORD EXTENSION

*If bottom chord extension is to be bolted or See Note (a)

welded the specifiying professional must
provide axial loads on structural drawings. 27
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WELDING
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Definition: Welding is a process in which two pieces of metal are melted and fused to-
gether to form a joint. In structural welding this is accompanied by the addition of filler
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metal from an electrode.
The functions of welds in structural connections are similar to those of fasteners. Welds
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are used to transfer shear, tension and compression forces to and from structural joints,
and to transfer calculated forces from one part of a built-up member to another.
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WELDING PROCESSES
Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW): Shielded metal arc welding is an important welding
procedure in both shop and field. An electric arc is produced between the end of a coated
metal electrode and the steel components to be welded.

During the welding process the electrode coating serves two purposes:
It forms a gas shield to prevent absorption of impurities from the atmosphere, and
The flux in the coating purifies the molten metal.
Submerged Arc Welding (SAW): Submerged arc welding is an important process. This
method is used in only the flat or horizontal position. The process is similar in principle to
shielded metal arc welding. However, a continuous bare wire electrode is used instead of a
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coated stick electrode and the
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flux is supplied in granular form
(Loose flux).
Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW):
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The gas metal arc welding process
is important in structural shop appli-
cations because of its adaptability
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to all-position work. This process,
which may be automatic or semi-
automatic, utilizes an uncoated
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weld metal shielding provided by a stream of gas.
solid wire electrode with arc and
Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW): This process also may be automatic or semi-automatic.
The electrodes are tubular and contain a flux-filled core, which provides shielding for the
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arc and weld metal. It has the same applications as the gas metal arc process.
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WELDING ELECTRODES Abbreviation for electrode.
E 70 XX this electrode is most commonly used in structural work

for shielded arc welding.
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represents various series or type of electrode in this

class.
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tensile strength in ksi.
stands for electrode.

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E 70 XX LOW HYDROGEN
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A mineral coating on electrode which kept

the electrode very dry.
E 90 XX A type of electrode which is used to weld rebar to steel.
Note: Information for the electrode is given in General Structural Note (GSN) in
structural steel sections.

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STEEL DETAILING ANATOMY
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1. HSB TYPES & LENGTHS F2280 High-strength heat treated steel-
ASTM A490 bolt equivalent, Contains
2. HOLES, SLOTS, EDGE DISTANCE
spline (below)
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3. SHEAR TAB POSITION
4. WELD ACCESS HOLES
5. CAMBER, AESS, PAINT, GALV

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HSB TYPES & LENGTHS:
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A325 High-strength medium carbon steel
(lower left) most common bolts used in
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building construction
A490 High-strength heat treated steel

(lower left)
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High-Strength bolts are available in diame-

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ters ranging from 1/2 to 1-1/2
The most common sizes are 3/4, 7/8, and

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1. High-strength bolts are commonly avail-

able in incremental lengths up to 8.
F1852 High-strength medium carbon Note:-

steel- ASTM A325 bolt equivalent, Con- A307 Low carbon steel, Not commonly
tains spline (below) used, Only used for secondary members.

Grip Washer
Washer Nut
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Shank Thread
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Head
Length
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Grip is the distance from behind the bolt head to the back of the nut or washer.
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It is the sum of the thicknesses of all the parts being joined exclusive of washers.
Thread length is the threaded portion of the bolt.
Bolt length is the distance from behind the bolt head to the end of the bolt .

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ANCHOR BOLT
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Types of Anchor Bolt Each bottom threaded end need 1 HHN
or 2 HHN with one plate washer or 1
AB Plan (Field drawing)
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HHN with one plate washer.
AB Sectional Detail (Field drawing)
Anchor Bolt (Shop Drawing)
Template (Shop Drawing)

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Design data extraction process
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Types:
1. J type: Top end threaded & bottom

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end 2 standard hook.

2. Rod Type: Top & bottom end
threaded.
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3. Bolt Type: Top end threaded & bottom

end Hex headed.
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Each top threaded end requires

1HHN(Heavy hex nut) with plain washer
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or plate washer above base plate.

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Each top threaded end requires

1HHN(Heavy hex nut) or Jam nut or Level-
ing nut with plain washer below base
plate.

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STEEL EMBED
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Sub Structural Embed plate ship mark.
Steel beam/joist connecting embed.

Hold down items for panels.
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North direction near heading text.
Curb Angles for slab edges.
Structural drawing no. below heading.
Panel to Panel embeds.
Pipe bollard for fencing

ES Title block with Drawing name & no., Re-
vision no., Project name & Address, Field
notes with Finish floor levels.
Super Structure
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Embed Section: Show the following:
Vertical Embed Plate & Horizontal Em-
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bed Plate. Steel beam/joist connecting the embed.
Ledger Angle & Continuous plate. T.O. Embed PL.(See elevation)
Panel plan & Elevations Embed plate horizontal locating dim.

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Veneer ties & Lintel Beam. Embed plate mark with description.
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Embed Plan: Show the following: Structural drawing no. below heading.
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Grids/Wall in the X & Y directions with Field weld (if any)

internal dimensions with the extent dimen-
Title block with Drawing name & no., Re-
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sion.
vision no., Project name & Address, Field
Locate Top central point in the X & Y di- notes with Finish floor levels.
rections with dimensions from the nearest
grids. Embed Shop: Show the following:
Top of embed plate elevation with refer- All dims, piece mark, ship mark, qty.
ence to 0-0 (Finish floor).
Bill of material, ASTM Designations.
Hold down items for panels: The concrete panel are supported on the hold down plates.

Design section
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Embed section
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Curb Angles for slab

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edges:
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Embed plate w/
Threaded stud:
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Embed
plate w/
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U-shaped
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plate:
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STEEL TO STEEL CONNECTION
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Introduction: ported member. The supporting member al-
most always will either be a beam or a
The beams, girders, trusses, columns and
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column.
other members that form a completed struc-
tural frame are design to resist the loads. Primarily, the single-plate connection used
Each of these members must transmit its
load through its connections to supporting
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ate rigidity depending to some extent on the
depth of the connection i.e., the number of
members. For example: beams transmit
their loads to girder, girders transmit their bolts and their size.
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loads to columns, columns transmit their
loads to foundations and foundations trans-
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mit their loads to the ground. Each member

in this system must be provided with proper
connections to transfer its loads to other
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members safely and economically, usually

through a combination, of bolts, welds and
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connecting elements, such as angles,

plates or tees.
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Following are the typically used connections

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as mentioned below:
Single-Plate connection (shear-plate

connection): A single-plate connection is
one with a plate shop welded to a support-
ing member and field bolted to the sup-

No. of bolts required in dierent beam pro-
file. (Beam depth)
Hole type. (i.e., standard holes, short slot

etc.)
Plate size & grade.
Weld & size.
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There may be the following steps to be fol-
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lowed / adopted to develop beam to beam
and beam to column single-plate connec-
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tions.
Step-I: Maintain -in standard steel to steel
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clearance (i.e.,a)
Step-II: Fix first bolt location at 3-in from

ES top of the beam (i.e.,b) regardless of bolt
diameter. Incase of slopped beam condition,
Above nomenclature are as follows: insucient space available for provided bolt
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quantity (no. of bolt row), or may be the
a = Steel to steel clearance.
other reasons, then this value may be in-
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b = First bolt location from top of the beam creased or decreased by an increment or
decrement of 1/8-in. in a successive man-
c = Centre to centre bolt distance. ner whichever value is suitable for particular
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condition.
eh = horizontal edge distance.
Step-III: The standard centre to centre bolt
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ev = Vertical edge distance.

spacing (i.e., c) 3-in. and varies in same
cases (reasons mention in step-II) but it
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Information required from design drawing to

developed a single-plate connection as fol- should not be less than 2 2/3d or 2.67d.
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lows: Where d is nominal diameter of bolt.
Beam & column profile & grade. Step-IV: The standard horizontal edge dis-
tance (i.e.,eh) in plate & beam is 1 1/2in.
Top of beam elevation.
and sometimes 1 1/4-in. but it should not be
Bolt diameter, grade & type. less the edge distance per AISC TABLE J3.4
for corresponding bolt diameter and also
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COLUMN
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1) VIEWS 13) OVER ALL DIMENSIONS
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2) COLUMNS HEADING 14) LEVELS
3) TITLE BLOCK 15) PART LOCATING DIMENSIONS

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4) SHOP NOTES 16) PART MARKS
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5) BILL OF MATERIAL 17) WELDING
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6) FIELD BOLTS 18) COLUMN HEIGHT CALCULATION
7) DIRECTION 19) SLOTS IN HSS COLUMN

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8) CHEVRON 20) BUCKET DIMENSION

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9) R D SYMBOL 21) COLUMN SAMPLES

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10) SQUARE CUT

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11) END PREPARATION

12) HOLE DIA
1. VIEWS:
Main view Direction

Secondary view direction
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Sectional Views
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a) Main view Direction:
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Column need to be viewed from Bottom or
right side of the column plan view.
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b) Secondary view Direction:
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Column need to be viewed from the left or All centered parts can be marked as
right side based on maximum parts visibil- CTRD in main or secondary view.
ity. This view is not mandatory if most
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items are shown in main view & or sec-

tional view.
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c)Sectional views:
Base plates top view need to be drawn be-
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low the main view or it can be separated

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with section mark if there is no space left

below main heading.
Sectional top view is also important to be
drawn incase of shear plate & doubler
plate or any non-centered part.

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WF COLUMN(SHT.1 of 3)
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BEAM
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BEAM SHOP (FABRICATION) DRAWING: (2) FITTED BEAM:- Beams having any kind
of plate or angle shop welded is termed as
As a rule, each beam in a system of floor or fitted beam.
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roof framing makes a convenient shipping
and erection unit. The shop drawing seldom (3) SKEW BEAM:- A beam which has some
pictures any of the adjacent members to rotation in plan is termed as skew beam. A
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which the beam later will be connected in
the field. However, in preparing a detail draw-
skew beam can be a bull-eye or fitted
beam.
ing, all features that have a bearing on the
erection of the beam must be investigated. (4) INCLINED/SLOPED BEAM:- A beam
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which has some inclination or slope or hav-
The location of open holes in the beam con- ing dierent elevation at ends is termed as
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nections must match the location of similar inclined or sloped beam. Draw all sloped
holes in the supporting members. Proper beam in flat position. A sloped beam can be
erection clearance must be provided and a bull-eye or fitted beam also.
possible interference must be eliminated, so
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that the beam can be swung or lowered into (5) BENT BEAM:- A beam having two or
position for connecting to its supporting more dierent slopes is termed as bent
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members. beam.
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There may be the following types of beam (6) CURVED BEAM:- A beam which is
depending upon their various characteristics curved in shape of any radius termed as
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like; geometry, functions and end connec- curved beam. The curved beams can be in
tions etc. the elevation or in plan.
(1) BULL-EYE BEAM:- A beam, which is (7) MOMENT BEAM:- A beam is said to be
having just holes & cutting (may or may not) moment beam when it has moment con-
are termed as bull-eye beam. nection either at one end or both ends.

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STRUCTURES Online
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FOR APPROVAL ONLY
SHOP NOTES
PCS
BILL OF MATERIALS
LENGTH
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QTY MATERIALS FT IN REMARKS
MRK nl
XXX STEEL INC.
NOTE:- ALL BOLTS ARE FIELD INSTALLED AND TENSIONED
BEAM
Steel Detailing
in

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PART DRAWING
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FLAT BAR: Use Standard Flat bar sizes as much as possible for all conditions except
the following for the clients using Flat bar:
1. Moment Continuity Plate

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2. Architecturally Exposed Plates
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3. Base Plates
REFERENCE BOX: Use this box to show up quantity for each Assembly mark.
EDGE DIMENSION: It should not be shown as it doesnt play any role as long as we
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had shown the connection side dimension.

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It is standard NISD practice to not to detail Flat bar vertically around opening since
Decks are installed before openings are cut.

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STRUCTURES Online Steel Detailing

STEP BY STEP GUIDE

SUB CONTRACTOR - SUB CONTRACTOR -

LANDSCAPING CONSULTANT - STEEL

By: Moti Lal & Md. Azharul Haque

delivery to the job site to meet the contractors construction schedule.

the Erection & shop drawings.

By: Moti Lal & Md. Azharul Haque

Orthographic view means representing a 3D object in 2D drawing by projecting all edges

Are these two objects dierent or identical by merely rotating?

Spatial Relation Spatial Visualization

Imagining the rotations

Imagining the rotation of objects and their part

whole body holistic as well piece by

ORTHO VIEWS ON HORIZONTAL AND

8GA=0.1644, 9GA=0.1495, 10GA=0.1345, 11GA=0.1196, 12GA=0.1046,

lines for all type

K SERIES OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS

LH & DLH SERIES LONGSPAN STEEL JOISTS

ANCHORAGE TO STEEL ANCHORAGE TO MASONRY BOLTED CONNECTION

SEE SJI SPECIFICATION SEE SJI SPECIFICATION See Note (c)

CEILING EXTENSION BOTTOM CHORD EXTENSION TOP CHORD EXTENSION

By: Moti Lal & Md. Azharul Haque

By: Moti Lal & Md. Azharul Haque 39

Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW):

WELDING ELECTRODES Abbreviation for electrode.

E 70 XX this electrode is most commonly used in structural work

represents various series or type of electrode in this

tensile strength in ksi.

stands for electrode.

A mineral coating on electrode which kept

E 90 XX A type of electrode which is used to weld rebar to steel.

By: Moti Lal & Md. Azharul Haque 40

By: Moti Lal & Md. Azharul Haque 52

4. WELD ACCESS HOLES

5. CAMBER, AESS, PAINT, GALV

A490 High-strength heat treated steel

High-Strength bolts are available in diame-

ters ranging from 1/2 to 1-1/2

The most common sizes are 3/4, 7/8, and

1. High-strength bolts are commonly avail-

F1852 High-strength medium carbon Note:-

By: Moti Lal & Md. Azharul Haque 56

Thread length is the threaded portion of the bolt.

By: Moti Lal & Md. Azharul Haque 57

Anchor Bolt (Shop Drawing)

Template (Shop Drawing)

1. J type: Top end threaded & bottom

end 2 standard hook.

3. Bolt Type: Top end threaded & bottom

Each top threaded end requires

or plate washer above base plate.

Each top threaded end requires

By: Moti Lal & Md. Azharul Haque 69

Steel beam/joist connecting embed.

Pipe bollard for fencing

bed Plate. Steel beam/joist connecting the embed.

Ledger Angle & Continuous plate. T.O. Embed PL.(See elevation)

Panel plan & Elevations Embed plate horizontal locating dim.

Grids/Wall in the X & Y directions with Field weld (if any)

Curb Angles for slab

By: Moti Lal & Md. Azharul Haque 80