Automobiles

Automobiles are designed to run primarily on roads, to have seating for one
to six people, typically have four wheels and be constructed principally for
the transport of people rather than goods.

As of 2002 there were 590 million passenger cars worldwide (roughly one
car for every eleven people), of which 140 million were in the U.S. (rough
one car for every two people).

Automobiles

1. Types of automobile

a. Alternative fuel vehicle

b. Armored car
c. Battery vehicle (electric car)
d. Police car
e. Solar vehicle

2. Automotive design
3. History of automobiles
4. General automobile concepts
5. Auto parts and systems

1. Types of automobile

a. An alternative fuel vehicle is a vehicle that runs on a fuel other than

traditional petroleum fuels (petrol or Diesel fuel); and also refers to
any technology of powering an engine that does not involve
solely petroleum (e.g. electric car, hybrid electric vehicles, solar
powered ).

b. A civilian armored car (called an armored car in the UK) is a security

vehicle which is made by replacing the windows of a standard vehicle
(typically a limousine or SUV) with bulletproof glass and inserting
layers of armor plate into the body panels.

c. A battery electric vehicle (BEV), battery-only electric

vehicle (BOEV), Full Electric Vehicle (FEV) or all-electric vehicle is a
 type of electric vehicle (EV) that uses chemical energy stored
in rechargeable battery packs. BEVs use electric motors and motor
controllers instead of internal combustion engines (ICEs) for
propulsion.

d. A police car (also called a police cruiser, cop car, prowler, squad
car, radio car or radio mobile patrol (RMP) ) is a ground vehicle used
by police for transportation during patrols and to enable them to
respond to incidents.

e. A solar vehicle is an electric vehicle powered completely or

significantly by direct solar energy. Usually, photovoltaic (PV) cells
contained in solar panels convert the sun's energy directly
into electric energy. The term "solar vehicle" usually implies that solar
energy is used to power all or part of a vehicle's propulsion.

2. Automotive design

Automotive design is the profession involved in the development of the

appearance, and to some extent the ergonomics, of motor vehicles or more
specifically road vehicles.

3. History of automobiles

The early history of the automobile can be divided into a number of eras,
based on the prevalent means of propulsion. Later periods were defined by
trends in exterior styling, size, and utility preferences.

In 1808 Franois Isaac de Rivaz designed the first car powered by

an internal combustion engine fueled by hydrogen. At the turn of the 20th
century electrically powered automobiles were a popular method of
automobile propulsion.

4. General automobile concepts

Driving is the controlled operation and movement of a motorized

vehicle with wheels, such as a car, motorcycle, truck, or busby either a
human or computer controller.

Vehicle dynamics refers to the dynamics of vehicles, here assumed to be

ground vehicles. Vehicle dynamics is a part of engineering primarily based
on classical mechanics.
 Road traffic safety refers to the methods and measures used to
prevent road users from being killed or seriously injured. Typical road users
include pedestrians, cyclists, motorists, vehicle passengers, and passengers
of on-road public transport.

Automobile safety is the study and practice of design, construction,

equipment and regulation to minimize the occurrence and consequences
of traffic collisions. Road traffic safety more broadly includes roadway
design.

.
5. Auto parts and systems

An internal combustion engine (ICE) is a heat engine where

the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion
chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow circuit. In an internal
combustion engine the expansion of the high-temperature and high-
pressure gases produced by combustion applies direct force to some
component of the engine.

References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_automobiles.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_automobiles#See_also.