NOUNS
A noun is a word which denotes
somebody or something: people,
places, things, events, ideas,
states or qualities.
Proper nouns - David, London, July
Common nouns - brother, table, glass
Collective nouns flock, herd
Countable nouns banana, apple, chair
Uncountable nouns milk, information
Concrete nouns woman, key, river
Abstract nouns trust, emotion, truth
DETERMINERS
Determiners include many of the
most frequent English words. A
noun usually has to have a
determiner in front of it.
Definite article the
Indefinite article a ,an
Possessives my, his, her, its, our, your,
their
Demonstratives this, that, those,
these
VERBS
A verb is a word that expresses
an action, a happening, a process
or a state. Every sentence
MUST have a verb in it.
Main verbs refer to states and actions
walk, kick, is, was, have
Auxiliary verbs help other verbs to
form different tenses be, have, do
Modal auxiliary verbs show how or
certain or committed we feel about
something must, should, can, may
PRONOUNS
Pronouns replace a noun or noun
phrase and enable us to avoid
repetition.
Personal pronoun I, you, he, she, it,
we, they,
Object pronoun me, you, him, her, us,
them
Possessive pronoun mine, yours, his
Reflexive pronoun myself, yourself
Indefinite pronoun any, everyone
ADJECTIVES
An adjective gives more
information about a noun or
pronoun.
It can come before the noun - the big
dog, or it can be linked to it by a verb
the dog is big.
Comparative adjectives bigger
Superlative adjectives the biggest
CONJUNCTIONS
Conjunctions are joining words.
They are used to link together
two parts of a sentence.
Co-ordinating conjunctions join two
main clauses to make a compound
sentence and, but, or
Subordinating conjunctions join a
subordinate clause to a main clause -
while, before, after, since, until, if,
because, although
ADVERBS
Adverbs add information to
verbs, adjectives, other
adverbs and clauses.
Adverbs answer questions such as:
How? Adverb of manner - quickly
Where? Adv. of place - here
When? Adv. of time - yesterday
Often? Adv. of frequency - always
How much? Adv. of degree - very
How? Adv. of sentence - certainly
PREPOSITIONS
A preposition tells the
relationship between the
noun, pronoun or other word in
a sentence.
Prepositions of Movement from,
to, over, into
Prepositions of Place under, near,
in
Preposition of Time on, at, in