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https://www.economics.utoronto.ca/index.php/index/graduate/home
Overview
The department offers MA and PhD programs (as well as an MFE program, which has its own website).
The ultimate goal of these programs is to further the student's capacity for economic analysis through
rigorous instruction in theory, econometrics, and a wide variety of fields. Graduates of the programs have
obtained desirable University professorial positions and employment in the public service and in private
industry. Students in the programs benefit from the excellent facilities of the University of Toronto, including
the best university library in Canada. They may also benefit from the close association of members of the
faculty with specialized institutes and centres at the University, such as the Centre for Industrial Relations.
Because of the size and diversity of the graduate teaching staff, students can readily specialize in almost
any area of interest. In addition to the courses offered by the Department, candidates may take courses in
political science, management, history and other allied fields.
The MA and PhD programs are under the supervision of the Associate Chair, Graduate Studies, Ettore
Damiano.
Applicants must have a strong preparation in advanced mathematics, statistics, and economics, including
MA-level Microeconomic Theory, Macroeconomic Theory, and Econometrics.
Please note that these minimum requirements do not imply automatic acceptance into the program.
(See FAQ 1 for the typical profile of a successful applicant.)
Transcript, GRE, English Language Facility Test Score and Reference requirements
Transcripts from each post-secondary institutions you have attended must be scanned and uploaded
following the SGS online applications instructions. Only successful applicants will be asked to have
OFFICIAL copies sent to the department. See our application information and instructions for detailed
information on transcript requirements. Applicants without a degree from a Canadian university are
required to submit official general GRE test scores and may be required to submit official test scores for
English Language Facility tests acceptable by the University of Toronto. Be sure to read the GRE and
English Language Facility pages for important details on test score requirements. Note: The GMAT cannot
be substituted for the GRE test score. Each application must be supported by letters of reference from
three instructors, including at least two instructors from the applicant's MA program. Applicants are the best
judge of whom else to ask to be a referee in the case where an academic reference is not available.
Important note: We accept only recommendation letters uploaded to the application website by the
recommender. We do not accept hard copy letters or letters emailed to us. That means you must supply
the email address of each recommender when completing the online application. The university's online
application form allows you not to specify a recommender's email address, but if you do not do so, we will
not process your application.
Once the university's online application form has been completed and the application fee paid (best by
December 15, 2017; final deadline January 17, 2018), applicants will receive an email message from the
Department of Economics with a link to a supplementary form. When this form is completed and the
Economics Graduate Office has received all required supporting documenation (best by January 17, 2018;
final deadline January 24, 2018), the department will begin to review and assess the application.
As part of the online application process, applicants scan and upload their academic transcripts, including
the description of the marking scheme, which typically is printed on the back of the transcript. Although
applicants must perform this upload by January 24, 2018, we strongly encourage all applicants to do so as
soon as possible.
The files of applicants who meet the minimum requirements and submit all required test scores and
transcripts by the deadline will be reviewed by the Department of Economics Admissions Committee. The
Admissions Committee will start round one offers for September admission in late March and early April
and continue with subsequent rounds of offers until June. All applicants will be notified either with an offer
of admission or rejection of their application by email by the end of June.
Please see our FAQ page for the answers to commonly asked questions.
Successful PhD applicants have qualifications well above our minimum requirements. Most of
them have the following characteristics:
Occasionally successful domestic applicants fall short in one of the items in this list if they
exceed in others. However, since we receive over 75 foreign PhD applications for each available
slot, we seldom admit a foreign applicant who does not exceed in all the items in the above list.
(The grades mentioned above are expressed using the grading scheme at the University of
Toronto. Grades from other schools will be converted taking into account both their grading
scheme and the rigor in which it is applied.)
You can choose whoever you wish to write reference letters for you. In particular, all three of your letters
can be from instructors of courses you took as an undergraduate student. However, obviously we are
interested in knowing about your performance as a masters student, so it is in your interest to get at least
one letter from an instructor who taught you as a masters student.
1. Applications for admission in September 2018 will open in November. (There is NO January
admission for any economics graduate program.)
2. It is highly recommended that you complete your SGS online application by December 15, 2017
and make arrangements for all documents to reach us by January 17, 2018.
3. The final date you will have access to complete your application and make your application
payment is January 17, 2018. The final deadline for all supporting documents to be received is
January 24, 2018. These final deadlines are strict. We do not accept late applications regardless of
the reasons for their lateness. To take into account unexpected delays, which may be beyond your
control, you should plan to submit your application by December 15, 2017 (as mentioned above).
Similarly, you should plan that all documents reach us by January 17, 2018.
The document deadline applies to the following documents documents: transcripts (to be scanned
and uploaded following the SGS online application instructions), GRE and English Language Facility test
scores (if applicable), all references, and the departmental supplementary application (for which you will
receive an access link from Economics via email within a week of your completion and payment of your
application). Please, recommend your referees to upload their online reference form by January 17, 2018
(referees will be able to upload their references until the final deadline of January 24, 2018).
Processing times
During peak times we process a large volume of application documents, and it takes us some time to note
the receipt of documents in the online system. We review and assess application documents only after all
personal and academic information has been entered in the online application, the application fee has been
paid, and our supplementary application form has been completed. Please allow a minimum of four weeks
(excluding holidays) after you have completed all these steps for the online status of your application to
change from "Documents Pending" to "Under Review".
Before you start your online application, please read ...
the relevant pages on this website, regarding admission, GRE, and English Language Facility
requirements, and the FAQ for the relevant program (<="">MA FAQ, <="">PhD FAQ)
the following instructions.
Planning
Please start submitting requests for all required official documents (transcripts and GRE and TOEFL test
scores if applicable) well in advance of December 15, 2017. Note that we do not send requests to your
referees to complete a reference form until the School of Graduate Studies (SGS) has received your
application fee. Note also that official English translations must accompany all foreign documents (e.g.,
transcripts) not written in English. Your obtaining translations may take time, so plan ahead in order to meet
our deadline of January 24, 2018 for the receipt of all documents.
After you access the SGS admission application and enter your contact information, an applicant
identification number and a password will be emailed to you. You can leave and return to your application
at any point until you move to the payment stage. Once the payment is made you will be able to check on
the status of your application. You may check the online application system periodically to confirm the
receipt of documents and your application status.
As you progress through the SGS online application, you will notice links to "instructions". Click on these
links to access instruction details and links to important resources you need to help complete your
application correctly. Please ensure that you read carefully all such instructions and follow them.
Note: If the first and last name on the English Language Facility Test or GRE are not the same as the first
and last name you enter in the online application, considerable time can be lost in processing your
application because your test scores will not be matched to your application. Make sure that the names
match exactly! (If you make a mistake and the names do not match, notify the Economics Graduate Office
of any differences and provide us with your applicant number and the program to which you are applying.)
If you are applying to the Law and Economics combined program, you must read the instructions on this
page and in addition review the application procedures of the Faculty of Law and ensure that all required
documents have been received by the Department of Economics and the Faculty of Law. Note that the
application deadlines of the Faculty of Law may differ from ours.
Special Non-degree Students are not registered in a program of study that may lead to a degree. Students
wishing to take one or two graduate courses not for degree credit should apply to be admitted as a part-
time special student and those wishing to take more than two courses not for degree credit should apply to
be admitted as a full-time special student.
A student applying to be a non-degree student must meet the minimum requirements of SGS, as well as
our minimum requirements. Please check carefully the admission requirements on our website to ensure
that you meet our minimum requirements before contacting the Graduate Administrator in Economics.
Please note that meeting the minimum requirements does not guarantee an offer of admission, since the
number of qualified applicants far exceeds the number of places available. As a result, many well-qualified
applicants cannot be accommodated.
If, after having been a non-degree special student, you are subsequently admitted to one of our graduate
programs, then, on our recommendation, and with the approval of SGS, graduate courses you took as a
special non-degree student may count for up to one full-course equivalent (two semester courses) or 25%
of the course requirements for the degree, whichever is greater, provided that they have not already
been credited towards another degree, diploma, certificate, or any other qualification. The process
customarily occurs as follows: after completing the courses as a Special Non-degree student, a student
complete a request for transfer credit form and submits it to the Economics Graduate Office; if the request
is approved by both the department and SGS, the course(s) are applied to the program requirements.
Any tuition fees paid as a special student cannot be transferred to a subsequent degree program.
Contact information
For information or assistance on applying and the online application please contact:
Each applicant who meets the minimum requirements and who submits all required test scores and
transcipts by the deadline will have his/her file reviewed by the Admissions Committee. Note: The meeting
of these requirements is only a necessary condition, not a sufficient condition, for acceptance into
the program. The Admissions Committee will start round one offers for September admission in late March
and early April and will continue with subsequent rounds of offers until June. All applicants will be notified
either with an offer of admission or rejection of their application by the end of June.
School of Graduate Studies (SGS)
For further information, see the university's pages on graduate housing, fee information, fee schedules,
sessional dates, and the Centre for International Experience. The website of the School of Graduate
Studies, http://www.sgs.utoronto.ca may also be of interest.
All applicants who do not have a degree (undergraduate or graduate) from a Canadian university must
submit an official GRE General Test Score (no exceptions).
Applicants who have a degree from a Canadian university are strongly encouraged to submit an official
GRE General Test Score, especially if their undergraduate degree is not from a major university.
This requirement must be met before a decision will be made on an application.
Note: The GMAT cannot be substituted for the GRE.
We expect applicants to achieve at least 160 in the Quantitative Reasoning section and at least 3.5 in the
Analytical Writing section.
Application procedures
You must arrange for your official test score to be sent to the University of Toronto. When you do so, use
both our institution code 0982 and our department code 1801 (to help get your results directed to us
correctly).
In the GRE Score Report Request form, you must specify that all scores are to be sent in "General Test".
You must include in the scanned file that you upload with all post-secondary transcripts a copy of your GRE
test results. Applications requiring a GRE that do not include a copy of the GRE results in the scanned file
will be considered incomplete. Note: Your GRE test score document will not be checked off as received in
the SGS online application until the official GRE test score document is received and recorded.
Please ensure that your first and last names are exactly the same on the GRE as they are on the
online application to our program. If the names do not match exactly, your GRE score will not be
matched with your application. If you erroneously use different names, you must notify the Economics
Graduate Office giving the names used in each case and your applicant number.
Please see our FAQ pages (MA, PhD) for answers to commonly asked questions.
Equivalently, you are not required to submit scores if and only if (a) you have a degree from a Canadian
university (regardless of the language of instruction) or (b) you have a degree for which the language of
instruction and examination was English (regardless of the country in which you obtained the degree).
The minimum acceptable test scores are given in the table below. (We do not make any exceptions to
these requirements; requests for exceptions will not be answered.)
Test scores more than two years old by the application deadline of January 17, 2018 will not be accepted
(no exceptions).
Applicants from a non-English speaking country (other than Canada) whose degree is from a university
where all courses and examinations are conducted in English must provide an official statement from that
institution confirming the use of English as the language of instruction and examination.
A decision on an application will be made only after these requirements are satisfied.
If you have a degree from a Canadian university for which the language of instruction is French, you are
not required to submit English Language Facility test scores.
If you are completing a program at a Canadian university and have been in Canada less than two years
you are advised, but not required, to submit English Language Facility test scores.
The TOEFL examination is offered in two formats: the traditional paper-based format (only offered on
specific dates in a limited number of countries), and the internet-based format (IBT). Applicants in countries
where the internet-based testing is not available must register for the paper-based TOEFL which includes
the Test of Written English (TWE) component. The internet-based tests automatically include an essay
rating component which is similar to the TWE. All applicants must satisfy a minimum score requirement on
the TOEFL and on the TWE/Essay Rating component to be considered for admission.
Application procedures
You must arrange for official results to be sent directly to the University of Toronto. You choose the
institutions to which to send your TOEFL score from a drop-down list, and do not need to know our
"institution code." But in case you are interested, the TOEFL Institution Code for graduate studies at the
University of Toronto is 0982-00 and the specific code for the Department of Economics is 0982-84.
You must include in the scanned file you upload of all post-secondary transcripts a copy of your English
language test results. Applications requiring English language test results that do not include a copy of the
these results in the scanned file will be considered incomplete. Note: You still need to supply us with an
official test score, as discussed in the previous item.
Please ensure that your first and last name is exactly the same on the English Language Test as it
is on the online application to our program. If the names do not match exactly, your test score will not
be matched with your application. If you erroneously use different names, you must notify the Economics
Graduate Office, giving the names used in each case and your applicant number.
Please see our FAQ pages (MA, PhD) for answers to commonly asked questions.
Standard funding
PhD program
Every admitted PhD student is offered funding of $16,500$26,700 plus tuition and incidental fees
(including UHIP expenses for international students) in each of their first four years. For a student
without an external scholarship, this funding consists of Teaching Assistantships, Research
Assistantships, and a University of Toronto Fellowship. (Total support of $16,500 entails 190 hours
of Teaching Assistantship work and total support of $26,700 entails 280 hours of such work during
the Fall/Winter session and 140 hours of such work during the Summer session.) For a student
with a major external scholarship (like an Ontario Graduate Scholarship or a Social Sciences and
Humanities Research Council Scholarship), it consists of the scholarship, a University of Toronto
Fellowship, and possibly a summer Teaching Assistantship. (Students without external
scholarships who do not wish to work as Teaching Assistants and/or Research Assistants will give
up those portions of the funding.) Students may lose their funding if they fail to maintain good
standing in the program.
The Teaching Assistantships offered are for courses either on the St. George campus or on the
University of Toronto at Mississauga (UTM) campus. (For Teaching Assistantships at UTM, an
intercampus bus shuttle is provided and the cost of bus tickets is reimbursed by UTM.)
Research assistantships are generally available during the summer months, though they may also
be available during the fall and winter terms. Students are matched with faculty members
according to the students' and faculty members' preferences.
Additional funding
Graduate students can supplement their standard support with grants, scholarships, and awards. The
Faculty of Arts and Science maintans a list of scholarships on their Graduate Students Scholarships page
and the School of Graduate Studies does so on their Fees & Financial Aid page.
Two major sources of additional funding for our students are Ontario Graduate Scholarships and Social
Sciences and Humanities Research Council Scholarships. All eligible students are asked to apply for these
scholarships. (A page of advice for in-program students applying for these scholarships is available on our
Intranet. For information about activating payment of one of these scholarships, see this SGS page.)
PhD students beyond their fourth year (who do not receive University of Toronto Fellowships) can expect to
be offered TA work in both the Fall/Winter and Summer sessions. They may also work as Research
Assistants. Another major source of funding for such students is the university's Doctoral Completion
Awards, which are awarded by the department.
It is important that you bring with you to your appointment a budget or list of expenses and financial resources and any documents relating to your debts.