747-8 Pavement Loading

April 21, 2009

Karen Dix-Colony
Ken DeBord
Airport Technology
ACN vs. FAA Rating
Pavement Loading is not part of the MOS
process, but is part of overall airport
compatibility
In the past the FAA did not require airports to
report their pavement loading using the
ACN/PCN method. Currently, an update to the
AC describing the method of calculating PCN is
coming with the goal to have all US airports
report pavement strength using PCN
Many US airports report pavement capability
using FAA Rating D / DT / DDT
FAA DDT ratings do not account for the higher
gross weight 747-8
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ACN Competitive Comparison
Pavement loading is similar to todays widebody airplane fleet
Boeing will work with the airlines and airports to resolve potential pavement loading
ACN
concerns
90
FB RB

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
747-8 777-200F
777-300ER 747-400ER A380-800 A340-600
443,600 kg 348,700 kg
352,400 kg 414,130 kg 562,000 kg 381,200 kg
978,000 lb 768,800 lb
777,000 lb 913,000 lb 1,239,000 lb 840,400 lb
Maximum ramp weight
Flexible pavement ACN's are based on Alpha Factors approved by ICAO in October 2007
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US Airports - Pavement Rating
IATA Airport LENGTH RATING Pavement Rating MGW IATA Airport LENGTH RATING Pavement Rating MGW
ANC Stevens Anchorage Intl 10600 FAA D175,DT400,DDT900 JFK Kennedy Intl 8400 FAA D185,DT550,DDT823
ANC Stevens Anchorage Intl 10900 FAA D175,DT400,DDT885 JFK Kennedy Intl 10000 FAA D185,DT550,DDT823
ANC Stevens Anchorage Intl 11584 FAA D175,DT400,DDT900 JFK Kennedy Intl 11351 FAA D185,DT550,DDT823
ATL Hartsfield - Jackson Atlanta 9000 PCN 74 R A W T JFK Kennedy Intl 14572 FAA D185,DT550,DDT823
ATL Hartsfield - Jackson Atlanta 9000 PCN 68 R A W T LAX Los Angeles Intl 8925 FAA D225,DT400,DDT900
ATL Hartsfield - Jackson Atlanta 10000 PCN 74 R A W T LAX Los Angeles Intl 10285 FAA D225,DT400,DDT900
ATL Hartsfield - Jackson Atlanta 9000 PCN 62 R A W T LAX Los Angeles Intl 11095 FAA D225,DT400,DDT900
ATL Hartsfield - Jackson Atlanta 11889 PCN 62 R A W T LAX Los Angeles Intl 12091 FAA D225,DT400,DDT900
BGR Bangor Intl 11440 FAA D210,DT400 LCK Rickenbacker Intl 11937 FAA D120,DT240,DDT700
DFW Dallas-Ft Worth Intl 8500 FAA 82 R B W T LCK Rickenbacker Intl 12102 FAA D120,DT380,DDT800
DFW Dallas-Ft Worth Intl 9000 FAA 82 R B W T MCO Orlando Intl 12004 FAA D200,DT400
DFW Dallas-Ft Worth Intl 9301 FAA 82 R B W T MCO Orlando Intl 12005 FAA D200,DT400
DFW Dallas-Ft Worth Intl 13400 FAA 82 R B W T MCO Orlando Intl 10000 FAA D210,DT400
DFW Dallas-Ft Worth Intl 13400 FAA 82 R B W T MCO Orlando Intl 9000 FAA D210,DT420,DDT900
DFW Dallas-Ft Worth Intl 13401 FAA 82 R B W T MEM Memphis Intl 8946 FAA D178,DT602,DDT870
DFW Dallas-Ft Worth Intl 13401 FAA 82 R B W T MEM Memphis Intl 9000 FAA D210,DT458,DDT873
DTW Detroit Metro Wayne Co 8500 FAA D185,DT350 MEM Memphis Intl 9320 FAA D210,DT458,DDT873
DTW Detroit Metro Wayne Co 8501 FAA D185,DT350 MEM Memphis Intl 11120 FAA D210,DT458,DDT873
DTW Detroit Metro Wayne Co 8708 FAA D185,DT350 MHR Mather 11301 FAA D280,DT500
DTW Detroit Metro Wayne Co 10000 FAA D200,DT350,DDT750 MIA Miami Intl 8600 FAA D210,DT420,DDT850
DTW Detroit Metro Wayne Co 10001 FAA D200,DT350,DDT750 MIA Miami Intl 9354 FAA D210,DT420,DDT850
DTW Detroit Metro Wayne Co 12003 PCN 64 R A W T MIA Miami Intl 10506 FAA D210,DT420,DDT850
EWR Newark Liberty Intl 10000 FAA D191,DT358,DDT873 MIA Miami Intl 13000 FAA D210,DT420,DDT850
EWR Newark Liberty Intl 11000 FAA D191,DT358,DDT873 OAK Metro Oakland Intl 10000 FAA D210,DT500,DDT900
FAI Fairbanks Intl 11800 FAA D200,DT400,DDT850 ONT Ontario Intl 10200 FAA D200,DT560,DDT850
HNL Honolulu Intl 9000 FAA D200,DT400,DDT850 ONT Ontario Intl 12197 FAA D200,DT560,DDT850
HNL Honolulu Intl 12000 FAA D170,DT400,DDT780 ORD Chicago-O'Hare Intl 8075 PCN 108 R C W U
HNL Honolulu Intl 12300 FAA D200,DT400,DDT780 ORD Chicago-O'Hare Intl 10005 PCN 108 R C W U
HSV Huntsville Intl-Jones 10006 FAA D200,DT350,DDT850 ORD Chicago-O'Hare Intl 10144 PCN 108 R C W U
HSV Huntsville Intl-Jones 12600 FAA D200,DT350,DDT850 ORD Chicago-O'Hare Intl 13000 PCN 108 R C W U
IAD Washington Dulles Intl 10501 FAA D250,DT450,DDT875 PDX Portland Intl 8000 PCN 63 F A X T
IAD Washington Dulles Intl 11500 FAA D250,DT450,DDT875 PDX Portland Intl 11000 PCN 63 F A X T
IAD Washington Dulles Intl 11500 FAA D250,DT450,DDT875 PHL Philadelphia Intl 9500 FAA D210,DT350
IAH George Bush Intercontinen 9000 FAA D210,DT409,DDT873 PHL Philadelphia Intl 10506 FAA D210,DT350
IAH George Bush Intercontinen 9402 FAA D210,DT498,DDT873 PHX Phoenix Sky Harbor Intl 11489 FAA D170,DT280,DDT620
IAH George Bush Intercontinen 9999 FAA D200,DT400,DDT873 PHX Phoenix Sky Harbor Intl 10300 FAA D200,DT400,DDT620
IAH George Bush Intercontinen 10000 FAA D190,DT400,DDT850 SDF Louisville Intl-Standiford 8579 FAA D207,DT360,DDT850
IAH George Bush Intercontinen 12001 FAA D200,DT400,DDT800 SDF Louisville Intl-Standiford 11890 FAA D207,DT360,DDT850
ILN Airborne 9000 FAA D200,DT390,DDT750 SEA Seattle-Tacoma Intl 11901 PCN 68 F A X T
ILN Airborne 10701 FAA D200,DT390,DDT750 SEA Seattle-Tacoma Intl 9426 PCN 71 R B W T
IND Indianapolis Intl 10000 FAA D300,DT550 SFO San Francisco Intl 10602 PCN 80 F B X T
IND Indianapolis Intl 11200 FAA D300,DT550 SFO San Francisco Intl 11870 PCN 80 F B X T
PCN+ICAO O/L<ACN SFO San Francisco Intl 8648 PCN 100 F B X T
PCN>ACN PCN+ICAO O/L>ACN
COPYRIGHT 2008 THE BOEING COMPANY FAA Rating < MTW TOL Toledo Express 10600 FAA D174,DT300,DDT550
4
ACN / PCN Method
What is ACN/PCN?
ACN (Aircraft Classification Number) describes the relative load intensity of an airplanes
main landing gear. ACN was adopted by ICAO and member nations as the official
method for reporting a relative comparison of airplane loading intensity and replaces all
previous methods by which manufacturers report aircraft loading characteristics.
PCN (Pavement Classification Number) describes the actual load-carrying capacity of an
airport runway, taxiway or ramp. PCN was adopted by ICAO and member nations as the
official method for reporting airport pavement strength. PCN is not pavement design.

PCN ACN
72RBWT
Rating Number
2 types of Pavement 2 types of basis for evaluation
4 strengths of soil support 4 tire pressure ranges

ACN PCN means Unrestricted MTOW

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ACN / PCN Method (cont)
ACNs are determined by airplane manufacturers:
- Published in Airplane Characteristics for Airport Planning documents.
- Also shown in ICAO Annex 14 and Jeppesen.
PCNs are established by the airport authorities of the various
nations:
- Published in the Aeronautical Information Publications (AIP)
- US airports publish in the Airport Master Record FAA Form 5010.
- Also shown in the Jeppesen Airport Directory.
- Airports are the only authority to allow or disallow aircraft usage of the
pavement.
Comparing ACN to PCN allows for a more accurate determination
of pavement capability
Many airlines will only use PUBLISHED pavement ratings or
official letter from airport when determining airport compatibility.

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Published Pavement Rating for US
Airports

Current FAA method does not account for the higher gross
weight of the 747-8 (only recognize highest gross weight 747-
400)
What we need from US Airports (may require analysis):
- Ideally, pavement rating would be updated with a PCN in
Airport Master Record FAA Form 5010
or
- Update to DDT978 in Airport Master Record FAA Form 5010
or
- Official letter from airport stating 747-8 will not be restricted
based on pavement loading

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Industry PCN Working Group
Members
Boeing
Ken DeBord
Mike Roginski
FAA
Rodney Joel
Gordon Hayhoe
Industry
Roy McQueen
Gary Mitchell
Dick Ahlvin
Advising
Ed Gervais

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Industry PCN Working Group

Scope of Work
Revise the existing FAA PCN procedure and incorporate into
AC 150/5335-5A
Develop PCN calculation software for composite pavements
Address current ICAO overload criteria
Recommend procedure to ICAO
The FAA is advising airport authorities to not publish technically-
based PCNs until the new guidelines can be determined by the
Working Group
Requirements from Airports
Additional pavement data from existing airports to validate the
proposed method
Pavement type, cross sections, moduli, traffic projections

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Old vs. New PCN Method
Old method:
Find critical aircraft based on required thickness
Convert all other aircraft to the critical one based on formulas
with unknown origin via complex spreadsheet analysis
Often resulted in a lighter dual gear aircraft controlling the
PCN, which precluded widebodies from operating (especially
true for concrete pavements)
New Method
Calculate PCN using an automated method via COMFAA
Uses similar CDF method as in design program FAARFIELD
The resulting PCN is based on the highest ACN of the traffic
Eliminates the problem of lighter aircraft controlling the PCN
Still working on composite pavements and overload method
Need more case studies to validate

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