Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Kazuhisa MOGI
Surroundings of Automobiles
Air Quality
Global Warming Energy
CO2 reduction
CO2
Emissions
Energy
Issues of Development for Future Vehicles
Gasoline Vehicles
Diesel Vehicles
Regulation of CO2 in EU
Trend and Target of CO2 in European Market
190 JAMA
KAMA
179
180
CO2 (g/km)
168
170 16
16
160 1
ACEA
150
140
Target
Target
130
Regulation
2000 2005 2008 2012
Year
Regulation of Fuel Efficiency in Japan
Average Passenger Car Fuel Efficiency in Japan
Japan modekm/L
20
18.6
Fuel efficiency (km/L)
16.2
16
14.5
12
10
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
Year
Overview of 2015 Fuel Efficiency Standard
Fuel efficiency
improvement rate
Type of 2004 2015
compared to
vehicle Performance value Estimated value
performance in
2004
Passenger
13.6 (km/L) 16.8 (km/L) 23.5%
car
Small freight
13.5 (km/L) 15.2 (km/L) 12.6%
vehicle
*Values from mode
240
238
233
230 229
220
217
210
200
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Preliminary
Year
Main Fuel Efficiency Improvement Technologies
Engine improvements
(1)
- Improved thermal efficiency
Combustion system
(direct injection, lean burn, etc.)
High volume EGR
Ignition system improvement
Turbocharger added
I Variable valve mechanism
Variable compression ratio
- Reduced friction loss
Roller cam follower
Reduced piston/ring friction
Friction reducing engine oil
Cylinder deactivation (variable cylinder)
HEV EV
Plug-in HEV
Biofuel
FCV
Integrated Approach for CO2 Emissions Reduction
Improving
Improvingthe
thefuel
fuelefficiency
efficiencyof ofvehicles
vehiclesalone
aloneisisnot
notenough
enoughto toconserve
conserveenergy
energy
and reduce CO2 emissions in the road transport sector. It is essential
and reduce CO2 emissions in the road transport sector. It is essential to implement to implement
an
anintegrated
integratedapproach,
approach,including
includingthethedevelopment
developmentof ofalternative
alternativefuels
fuels(e.g.
(e.g.
biofuels),
biofuels),government-led
government-ledimprovements
improvementsinintransportation
transportationinfrastructures
infrastructuresand
and
effective
effectiveuse
useofofvehicles,
vehicles,while
whileconsidering
consideringcompatibility
compatibilitywith
witheconomical
economicalgrowth.
growth.
Collaboration
Collaborationof ofall
allstakeholders
stakeholderswho whomake
maketheir
theirbest
bestefforts
effortswithin
withintheir
their
responsibility
responsibilityisisindispensable.
indispensable.
Government
Automakers Fuel suppliers
Government (fuel Automakers
efficiency standards, (Biofuel, etc.)
Improvement in Diversification of
incentive, etc.)
Fuel Efficiency Automotive
Fuels Fleet operators
Vehicle users
Government Government
Effective
(ITS, upgrading road (Eco-driving, car
Improvement in Utilization of
infrastructures, Traffic Flow Motor sharing, efficient
minimizing on-street Vehicles truck transport,
parking, etc.) modal shifts to
cargo trains, etc.)
The Next-Generation Vehicle and Fuel Initiatives
The
Theautomotive
automotiveindustry,
industry,oil
oilindustry
industryand
andthe
theMinistry
Ministryof
ofEconomy,
Economy,Trade
Tradeand
and
Industry
Industryhave
haveestablished
establishedaacomprehensive
comprehensivestrategy.
strategy.
(1) Battery
1/5 cost
3 times battery performance,
Zero CO2 emission Placed on the market in 2010
Placed on the market in Placed on the market in 2007 Target to place on the
1997 Target CO2 emission is 1/2 market in around 2015
2/3 CO2 emission Rechargeable HV
1/3 CO2 emission
Action Program
Start of R&D project for next-generation vehicle batteries
Establishment of the system for battery-charger stands and to secure
safety
The Next-Generation Vehicle and Fuel Initiatives
Roadmap for Hydrogen / Fuel cell vehicle
Action Program
Enhancement of R&D for fuel cells
Establishment of hydrogen infrastructure
The Next-Generation Vehicle and Fuel Initiatives
Roadmap for Clean Diesel
Action Program
The Next-Generation Vehicle and Fuel Initiatives
(4) Biofuel
Roadmap for Biofuel
[Cellulosic bio-ethanol]
[Grain-type bio-ethanol] [Biogasoline] (straw, stubs and branches after logging)
Action Program
Establishment of the biofuel technology innovation plan
Establishment of the system for quality and fair tax collection
The Next-Generation Vehicle and Fuel Initiatives
Roadmap for Friendliest Motorized Society
Current Status - 2010 - 2020 - 2030
Action Program
Model-city and model-roads project that combines automobile technology, IT,
infrastructure
Summary
Current Status
Gasoline vehicles and diesel trucks occupy 100%, and depend on oil fuel.
Congestion in traffic infrastructure in cities
CO 2 emission 3%
CO 2 emission 1/2 CO 2 emission 3/4 CO 2 emission 2/3 * Equivalent to 3% CO 2 emission 10%
bio-ethanol mixture
The world The Next Generation Vehicle and Fuel Initiative targets in 2030
80% oil dependence in transport sector
30% improvement of energy efficiency
Reduction of CO2 in the world using Japanese technology, by developing the result of innovations
Thank you for your attention !