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PhysicalChemistry 6. Ameasureofdisorderlinessinasystemisgivenby
INSTRUCTION:Selectthecorrectanswerforeachofthefollowing a. Freeenergy
sections.Markonlyoneanswerforeachitembyshadingthebox b. Enthalpy
correspondingtotheletterofyourchoiceontheanswersheet c. Heat
provided.STRICTLYNOERASURESALLOWED.Usepencilno.1only. d. Entropy

1. Chemicalequilibriumreactionsarecharacterizedby 7. Thereisnochangeininternalenergyofanidealgasduring
a. G >0 a. Adiabaticexpansion
b. G <0 b. Adiabaticcompression
c. G =0 c. Isothermalexpansion
d. G = G o d. Noneoftheabove

8. Theefficiencyofaheatengineislimitedby
2. Spontaneousreactionsarecharacterizedby a. Firstlawofthermodynamics
a. G >0 b. Secondlawofthermodynamics
b. G <0 c. Thirdlawofthermodynamics
c. G o =0 d. Noneoftheabove
d. G =0

9. Nonidealgasbehaviorislikelytobeobservedat
3. Capillaryactionisdueto: a. Lowpressureandlowtemperature
a. Cohesion b. Highpressureandhightemperature
b. Viscosity c. Highpressureandlowtemperature
c. Gravity d. Lowpressureandhightemperature

d. Surfacetension 10. Inanequilibriumreaction,KpequalsKcwhen
a. Reactantsandproductsareallgases
4. Anidealgashasacompressibilityfactorof b. Temperatureisconstant
a. 1 c. Reactantsandproductshaveequalnumberofmoles
b. 2 d. Reactantsandproductsareallliquids
c. PV

d. Noneofthegivenchoices 11. Naturalchlorineisamixtureofisotopes.Determineitsatomic

massif75.53%ofthenaturallyoccurringelementischlorine35,
5. Thefractionofthetotalcurrentcarriedbyanionisknownas whichhasamassof34.968.Chlorine37hasamassof36.958.
a. Ionicmobility a. 35.45
b. Overvoltage b. 35.00
c. Transferencenumber c. 34.55
d. Ionicconductance d. 36.47
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12. At35oC,thevaporpressureofwaterisincreasedfrom30to31 16. Thespecificheatcapacityatconstantvolumeofaleadsilveralloy
mmHgagainstanexternalpressureof10atm.Ifthevapor isequalto0.0383cal/degg.Theatomicmassesofleadandsilver
pressureistobemaintainedat0.0395atmfor100gofwaterat are207and107,respectively.Assumingthatthealloyfollows
35oCand10atm,howmuchingNaClistobeaddedtothewater? DulongandPetitLaw,findthemoleratioofleadtosilver.
a. 58.55 a.
b. 61.18 b. 2
c. 52.88 c. 1
d. 47.36 d. 4

13. Givenasolutionoftolueneinbenzeneat20oCwiththemole 17. CalculatethetemperaturechangeinoCoftwomolesofa
fractionoftolueneequalto0.20,thepartialpressureofthe diatomicgascontainedinapistongiventhatq=65Jandw=210J.
solvent,benzene,isequalto2.19torr.TheHenryconstantfor a. 2.5
tolueneis10.95torr.Calculatetheactivityofthesolute. b. 4.5
a. 0.800 c. 5.5
b. 1.000 d. 3.5
c. 0.500
d. 0.200 18. Aleadstoragebatteryinvolvesthetwohalfreactions:
PbSO4 ( s ) + 2e U Pb + SO42 ;Eo(volts)=0.36
14. Acertainsugarhasamolarmassof342g/mol.At0oC,the PbO2 ( s ) + 4 H + + SO42 U PbSO4 + 2 H 2O ;Eo(volts)=1.69
osmoticpressureofanaqueoussolutionofconcentrationof1.5g
ofsugarper150cm3solventis0.649atm.Whatistheosmotic Foracellthatduplicatestheleadstoragebatterydischarge
pressureofthesolution? reactionatunitconcentrations,whatis G inkJ?
a. 792
a. 222atm
b. 0.32atm b. 396
c. 50atm c. +792
d. 0.65atm d. +396

19. Whatistheheatcapacityatconstantpressureofgraphite
15. Giventhereaction: KNO3 + energy U K + (aq ) + NO3 (aq ) ,which
assumingitobeystheDulongandPetitsLaw?
ofthefollowingchangestothesystemwouldincreasethe a. 6cal/Kmol
concentrationofK+ionsatequilibrium? b. 6atm/molL
a. Thepressureofthesystemisdecreased c. 6Latm/mol
b. AdditionalsolidKNO3isaddedtothesolution d. 6ergs/K
c. Thetemperatureofthesolutionisincreased
d. Thevolumeofthesolutionisaddedtothesolution

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20. AsealedisothermalcontainerinitiallycontainsthreemolesofCO 24. A + B C + D
gasandfourmolesofO2gas.Thefollowingreversiblereaction A+C D + E
tookplace: Amultistepreactiontakesplacebytheabovemechanism.
2CO( g ) + O2 ( g ) U 2CO2 ( g ) Whichofthespeciesshownaboveisanintermediateinthe
Atequilibrium,thereweretwomolesofCO2inthecontainer. reaction?
Whatwasthetotalnumberofmolesofgaspresentinthe a. A
containeratequilibrium? b. D
a. 6 c. B
b. 4 d. C
c. 5
d. 7 25. Abulbisfilledwithargongasattheambientpressureandis

foundtocontain7.98gofargonatatemperatureT.Thebulbis
21. At1035oC,twomolesofrutheniumchangesfromthetothe
thenimmersedinabathwhosetemperatureis30oChotterthan
solidstate.The H forthetransitionis142J/mol.The
thefirstone.Thestopcockonthebulbisopenedsothatthe
surroundingcoolingbathisatSTP.Find S inJ/Koftheuniverse.
argongaspressurereturnstotheinitialvalue.Thebulbisnow
a. 1.040
foundtocontain5.33gofargon.Whatisthevalueofthefinal
b. 0.642
temperature?Theatomicmassofargonis39.9.
c. 0.823
a. 242oC
d. 0.217
b. 90.9oC
22. Determinethebarometricdecreaseinatmosphericpressurefrom c. 212oC
sealeveltoanaltitudeof1.8x106cm.Assumeairtobea d. 182oC
uniformgasofmolecularmass29,andauniformtemperatureof
0oC. 26. Ammoniadissolvesinwaterat20oCtogiveasolutioncontaining
a. 0.307 0.040molefractionofammonia.Thetotalvaporpressureofthe
b. 0.998 solutionis6.58x102atmandthevaporpressureforwateris
c. 0.105 17.00torratthesametemperature.ApplyingHenrysand
d. 304.1 Raoultslaws,calculatetheHenrysconstant.

23. Twomolesofanidealgasareexpandedreversiblyand a. 1200

isothermallyat0oCfrom1atm.Calculatethefinalvolume b. 50.00
occupiedbythegasiftheheatabsorbedduringtheprocessisq= c. 842.5
750cal.Theexternalpressureoverthesystemis1atm. d. 16.98
a. 69.6L
b. 98.2L
c. 118.7L
d. 304.1L
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27. Asampleofanidealgasat29oCand420torroccupiedavolume 31. Arefrigeratorismaintainedat25oCinaroomatambient
of382cm3.Whatwasthenumberofmolesofgasinthissample? temperatureof35oC.Theheatintotherefrigeratorisestimated
a. 8.5x103 as104J/min.Assumingthattheunitisoperatingat45%ofits
b. 4.9x102 maximumthermodynamicefficiency,determineitspower
c. 6.5 requirementinwatts.
d. 8.9x102 a. 40.4
b. 89.8
28. Thehalflifeforagivendecompositionreactionwashalvedasthe c. 5380
initialconcentrationofasolereactantwasdoubled.Whatisthe d. 2299
orderofthereaction?
a. 2 32. Atacertaintemperature,2atmofCOareintroducedintoavessel
b. 1 containingexcesssolidsulfurandafinalequilibriumpressureof
c. 3 1.18atmisobserved.Giventhereaction,
d. 0 S ( s ) + 2CO( g ) U SO2 ( g ) + 2C ( s ) ,finditsKp.
a. 6.33
29. Givenanatomofmass10,followingemissionofa2MeVgamma b. 2.28
ray,calculatetherecoilenergy. c. 0.73
a. 450eV d. 0.87
b. 198eV

c. 214eV 33. Giventhefollowing f G o inkJ/mol:

d. 222eV C6H12O6(s)=912;CO2(g)=393;H2O(l)=238;
Calculatethestandardfreeenergy(Gibbsenergy)inkJ/molfor
30. Forthefollowingreactionat25oC: theoxidationofglucose,
CuO( s) + H 2 ( g ) Cu ( s ) + H 2O( g ) C6 H12O6 ( s ) + 6O2 ( g ) 6CO2 ( g ) + 6 H 2O(l )
Valuesoftheabsoluteentropiesfortheabovesubstancesareas a. 14370
follows:So(J/molK): b. 1842
CuO=43.5;H2=130.5;Cu=33.5;H2O=188.7 c. 4698
d. 2874
Calculatethe S o inJ/molKofthereactionassumingstandard
conditions. 34. Themassofanelectronis9.109x1028g.Whatisthemolarmass
a. 48.2 oftheelectron?
b. 309.2 a. 4.39x1025
c. 135.2 b. 6.61x1050
d. 18.8 c. 5.48x104
d. 1.51x1051
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12 33
35. Howmany particlespersecondwouldbeemittedform4x10 39. 4.000picogram(pg)of Pdecaysbyemissionto0.500pgin
gramof210Po.Thehalflifeof210Pois138days. 75.9days.Findtherateconstantofthereactioninperdaybasis.
a. 728 a. 9.13x103
b. 543 b. 2.74x102
c. 667 c. 3.65x102
d. 401 d. 4.18x103

36. Thevalveonacylindercontaininginitially15Lofanidealgasat
25atm,25oCisopenedtotheatmospherewherethepressureis 40. At1482Kand12atm,theequilibriumcompositionofsodium
760torr.Assumingthattheprocessisisothermal,howmuch vaporcontains3.10molesofNamonomerand0.624molesofNa
workisKJisdoneontheatmospherebytheactionofexpanding dimer.CalculatetheKpforthedimerizationofsodiumat1482K.
gas? a. 2.01x102
a. 0.86 b. 3.68x101
b. 3.64 c. 2.47
c. 4.28 d. 2.89x101

d. 5.85 41. At600oC,acetonedecomposesproducingCOandvarious

37. At30oC,Henryslawconstantforthesolubilityofoxygengasin hydrocarbons.Thereactionisfoundtobefirstorderinacetone

wateris K O2 =3.30x107torr.Calculatethesolubilityofoxygenin concentrationwithahalflifeof81.0s.Givenat600oC,aoneliter
containerintowhichacetoneisinjectedat0.48atm,approximate
gramsatthistemperatureper100gofwater.Assumeairtobe howlongwouldittakefortheacetonepressuretodropto0.45
20%O2atroomtemperature. atm?
a. 3.1x107 a. 39.8s
b. 2.6x105 b. 7.5s
c. 4.6x106 c. 81.0s
d. 8.3x104 d. 15.0s

38. InanidealsolutionofliquidsAandB,thevaporpressureofa 42. Duringwinter,thegaugepressureinanautomobiletirewhen

mixtureof0.60molofAand2.4molofBis0.42atmat70oC. measuredat28oFwas30poundspersquareinch(psi).thesame
1.80molesofAisaddedtothesolutionat70oCandthevapor tirewasusedduringsummer.Assumingthatthevolumeofthe
pressureofthesolutionrisesto0.55atm.Calculatethevapor tiredidnotchange,andnogasleakedoutfromthetirebetween
pressureifsomeofthevaporinequilibriumwiththefirstsolution winterandsummer,whatisthenewpressureasmeasuredonthe
werecompletelycondensed. gaugeifthetemperatureroseto115oF?
a. 0.51atm a. 47.6
b. 0.35atm b. 37.9
c. 0.20atm c. 25.5
d. 0.80atm d. 35.3
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43. EstimatethezeropointentropyofNOincal/molK. 48. WhichoftheofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutthe
a. 0 electromotiveforceofasystemwhenallconcentrationsare
b. 2.76 unity?
c. 1.38 a. E<Eo
d. 4.18 b. E=Eo

44. Determinetheheattransferredwhen627Jofworkisdoneona c. E=0

systemconsistingof2molesofanidealgasatconstant d. E>Eo
temperature.
a. 0 49. AhypotheticalgasempiricalformulaisBCB.Predictthe
b. 627J structureofthegasiftheratioofheatcapacities CP / CV is1.32.
c. 627J a. Nonlinear
d. 1254J b. Trigonal

c. Linear
45. When[C]and[D]aredoubled,theinitialrateofthereaction
d. Cannotbedetermined
C + D E increasesbyafactorofeight.Whichofthefollowing

ratelawsisconsistentwiththisobservation?
50. AmixtureofthevaporsoftwoliquidsXandYwhichformideal
a. Rate=k[C][D]
solutionsiscontainedinacylinderwithapistonatconstant
b. Rate=k[C]2[D]2
temperatureT.Themixturecontains60%X,withvaporpressures
c. Rate=k[D]2
d. Rate=k[C]2[D] PXo and PYo givenas1.2and0.4atm,respectively.Themixtureis

thenslowlycompressed.Calculatethetotalpressureatwhichthe
46. After66minutes,asampleof 1944 K isfoundtohavedecayedto
liquidfirstcondenses.
12.5%oftheoriginalamountpresent.Whatisthehalflifeof a. 0.475atm
44
19 K ? b. 1.200atm
a. 22min c. 0.800atm
b. 66min d. 0.666atm
c. 44min
d. 88min

47. Whatisthepressureofacolumnofairataheightof10kmanda
temperatureof2oC?Assumethatthepressureatzeroheightis
760mmHgandthemolarmassofairis29.
a. 449
b. 340
c. 219
d. 759
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SITUATIONALPROBLEMS: 55. FindthestandardenergyinkJofthecombustionreactionof
propeneat25oCassumingallreactantsandproductsbehaveas

Situation#01Theactivationenergyforthethermaldecomposition
ofgaseousacetaldehydeis190.37kJ/molandthemolecular idealgases.
diameter,,ofamoleculeofacetaldehydeis5x108cm.This a. 2068
decompositionisasecondorderreaction. b. 2075

c. 2069
51. Determinethenumberofmoleculescollidingpermilliliterper d. 2094
secondat800Kand760torr.

56. FindWinkJofthecombustionreactionofpropeneat25oC.
a. 2.10x1031
a. 2.0
b. 4.75x1015
b. 1.0
c. 9.17x1021
c. 4.0
d. 2.88x1028
d. 0
52. Calculatethesecondorderrateconstant,k,inL/molsec. Situation#03Akilogramofacetylenewascompressedfrom102L
a. 6.9x102 to103Lataconstanttemperatureof150oC.Calculatetheminimum
b. 7.7x102 workthatmustbeexpendedinthecompressionprocessassuming
c. 8.3x104 thegastobe
d. 6.0x1023

57. IDEAL.

a. 1.09x103J
53. DeterminethepreexponentialfactorAat800K.
b. 3.12x105J
a. 1.10x1013
c. 1.11x105J
b. 2.07x1011
d. 3.08x103J
c. 1.86x1015

d. 2.24x1017 58. vanderWaals.ThevaluesofvanderWaalsconstantsaandbare

4.47L2atmmol2and0.0571L/mol,respectively.
Situation#02Thestandardenthalpyofthehydrogenationof a. 4.98x109J
propeneis214kJ/mol.Thestandardenthalpyoftheoxidationof b. 1.55x107J
propanetocarbondioxideandwateris2222kJ/mol.Thestandard c. 8.15x109J
heatofformationofwateris286kJ/mol. d. 0.95x107J

59. IfacetylenesatisfiesthevanderWaalsequation,whatwouldbe
54. FindthestandardenthalpyinkJ/molofthecombustionreaction itscriticalpressureinatm?
ofpropaneat25oC. a. 282
a. 2076 b. 197
b. 2068 c. 50.8
c. 2060 d. 1371
d. 2084
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Situation#04Amovingboundaryexperimentwasperformed 64. theadiabaticexpansioninkJwherethefinaltemperaturewas
initiallyat25oCwith0.100MKClonthebottomand0.0700MNaCl 243oC.
ontop.ThetransportnumbersofK+andNa+ionsinthesesolutions a. 16.7
are0.490and0.388,respectively.Theboundarymoveddownward. b. 9.2
Thecrosssectionalareaofthetubewas0.100cm2.Thecharge c. 5.8
passedthroughwas96.5coulombs. d. 23.1

60. Howmanyequivalentsweretransported? 65. FindtheenthalpychangeinJifthefinaltemperaturewas243oC.
a. 1.00x103 a. 24,210
b. 1.43x103 b. 59,164
c. 0.25x103 c. 8,090
d. 0.68x103 d. 32,358

61. Howfar(incentimeters)didtheboundarymove? Situation#06At1atm,120gofbenzeneisvaporizedatitsboiling
a. 65.4 pointof80.2oC.Theheatofvaporizationis94.4cal/g.
b. 79.2
c. 49.0 66. CalculateWinunitsofjoule.
d. 57.6 a. 4522
b. 293.6
62. Whilethecurrentwasflowing,whatwastheconcentrationin c. +293.6
mol/LofNaCljustabovetheboundary? d. +4522
a. 7.92x102
b. 2.18x101 67. Calculateqinjoules.
c. 8.14x104 a. 39497
d. 6.24x105 b. 7480
c. 15627
Situation#05Fourmolesofanidealnitrogengaswasexpanded d. 395
from10Lto25L.Theinitialtemperaturewas35oC.AssumeCv=2.5
R.Calculatethemaximumworkobtainedby: 68. Calculate U injoules.
a. 34975
63. theisothermalexpansioninJ. b. 44019
a. 92.7 c. 0
b. 9385.4 d. 15921
c. 7039.6
d. 2243.0
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Situation#07TwoequimolarsolutionsAandBwithequalvolume 73. S forwaterinJ/K.
ofsolutionsaremixedtogetherandthereaction A + B C occurs. a. 50.40
After60minutes,Ais75%reacted.HowmuchofAwillNOTreact b. 28.16
aftertwohoursif: c. 14.24

69. thereactioniszeroorderinbothAandB? d. 45.20

a. 50%
b. 0% 74. S fortheuniverseinJ/K.
c. 25% a. 34.01
d. 75% b. 3.05

c. 15.68
70. ifthereactionisfirstorderinbothAandB? d. 25.43
a. 62.8%
b. 25.0% Situation#09Threemolesofanidealmonoatomicgasinitiallyat1
c. 35.7% atmand300Kareputthroughthefollowingcycle,allstagesofwhich
d. 14.3% arereversible:

71. thereactionisfirstorderinAandzeroorderinB? (I)isothermalcompressionto2atm

a. 21.7% (II)isobarictemperatureincreaseto400K
b. 6.26% (III)returntotheinitialstatebythepath,P=a+bT,whereaandb
c. 32.2% areconstants.
d. 52.08%
75. Calculate U injoulesforthesecondstep.
Situation#08Twogramsofliquidwaterat100oCisinitiallyat1.00 a. 3741
atmpressureandisconfinedtoavolumeinwhichnovaporis b. 1247
present.Avalveisthenopenedandthewaterevaporatesintoan c. 8107
evacuatedspaceofsuchvolumethatthefinalpressureis0.10atm. d. 6236
Theentireapparatusisinaheatreservoirat100oC.The E forthe
vaporizationofwateris2259J/gat100oC.Assumingthatthevaporis 76. Calculate S inJ/Kforthefirststep.
anidealgasandthatthevolumeoftheliquidisnegligibleas a. 8.6
comparedtothevolumeofthevapor,calculate: b. 17.3
c. 5.8
72. qinjoulesforthewater. d. 14.2
a. 4173
b. 4863
c. 2617
d. 1914
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77. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEabout U and S for
thecycledescribed?
a. Both U and S arezero.
b. U ispositiveand S iszero.
c. U iszeroand S ispositive.
d. U ispositiveand S isnegative.

Situation#10GiventhedatabelowwhereVeisthevolume
adsorbedatequilibriumandVisthevolumeadsorbedattimet.The
adsorptionratefollowsfirstorderkinetics.
t(sec) 1380 3000 4260 7320
3
VeV(cm ) 0.284 0.179 0.121 0.043

78. DeterminetherateconstantKinpersecond.
a. 3.20x104
b. 1.80x102
c. 1.60x103
d. 2.30x105

79. Determinethevolumeadsorbedat3500secifVeisequalto0.451
cm3.
a. 0.281
b. 0.302
c. 0.325
d. 0.290

80. DetermineVeViftis800seconds.
a. 0.354
b. 0.418
c. 0.166
d. 0.201

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