InstructionsandSuggestions

for
PreparationofPapers

ORGANIZATIONOFPAPERS
Generally,paperssubmittedforpublicationintheWeldingJournalfallintotwocategories:(1)appliedtechnology
ofpracticalorpopularinterest,and(2)researchorientedofhighlytechnicalorscientificvalue.Usually,theformerare
printedinthefront(FeatureSection)oftheJournal,thelatterintheWeldingSupplementtowardtheback
Withthisinmind,itissuggestedthatmostauthorscanlogicallyorganizetheirmaterialalongthefollowinglines,
usingsuitableheadingsandsubheadingstodividethepaper.

1)ForResearchPapers:
Abstractconcisesummaryofthemajorelementsofthepresentation.Helpsthereadertodecideifthe
informationisforhim/her.Alsohelpsinretrievinginformationforfuturereference.Importantforresearchand
technicalpapers,optionalforothers.Shouldnotexceed200words.

Introductionshortstatementgivingrelevantbackground,purpose,andscopetohelpthereaderorient
himself/herselftothemethodofpresentation.Itisimportanttogettothepointquickly.Donotduplicatethe
abstract(ifoneused).

ExperimentalProcedureMaterialsEquipmentshortexplanationoftheequipmentandmaterialsusedandhow
theywereusedtoperformtheexperiment

ResultsDiscussionfactsordataobtainedandtheirevaluation

Conclusionsevaluationandinterpretationofyourresults;anassessmentofwhatyouprovedinyourwork.
Mostoften,thisiswhatthereadersremember.

Acknowledgment,References,andAppendixasrequired

2)ForFeaturePapers:
Introductionshortstatementgivingrelevantbackground,purpose,andscopetohelpthereaderorient
himself/herselftothetechnologyorapplication.Itisimportanttogettothepointquickly.

ProcessDescriptionifdescribinganewprocessdevelopment,

FabricationProcedureifdescribinganeworunique,practicaluseofweldingtosolveafabricatingproblem,

Methodifsolvingaproblemindesign,technique,safetyorhealth.

Conclusionspertinentpointsofyourpresentation;anassessmentofwhatyouprovedinyourwork.Most
often,thisiswhatthereadersremember.

Acknowledgment,References,andAppendixasrequired

USEOFTECHNICALTERMS,ABBREVIATIONS,ANDSYMBOLS
Properuseofterms,abbreviations,andsymbolsisanimportantconsiderationinprocessingamanuscriptfor
publication.

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 Becauseweldingcutsacrossmanydifferentscientificdisciplines,variousstandardsoftechnicalusagecanbe
applied.Forweldingterminology,theWeldingJournaladherestoAWSStandards.Forusagenotcoveredbythesestandards,
authorsareencouragedtoapplytherecognizedstandardsofthedisciplineinvolved.

AWSTerminology

ANSI/AWSA3.0,StandardWeldingTermsandDefinitionsincludesapprovedterminologyandprocessabbreviations
andmustbeused.Alistofsomeofthemorecommonlyusedtermsshowingstandardandnonstandardformsisgivenbelow.

Standard Nonstandard
arcwelding electricarcwelding;electricwelding
backing backup(exceptinflashorupsetwelding)
basemetal(material) parentmetal,baseplate
brazingfillermetal hardsolder
buttjoint buttweld
completejoinpenetration completepenetration,fullpenetration
coveredelectrode coatedelectrode,stickelectrode
diffusionbrazing diffusionbonding
diffusionwelding
discontinuity defect(unlessindicatingrejectability)
fillermetal filleralloy
gasmetalarcwelding(GMAW) metalinertgas(MIG);CO2welding
gastungstenarcwelding(GMAW) tungsteninertgas(TIG)
grooveradius rootradius
incompletefusion lackoffusion
crosssectionalsequence jointbuildupsequence,jointweldingsequence
oxygencutter* burner*,gascutter*
oxygencutting flamecutting;burning
porosity blowhole;gaspocket
residualstress lockedupstress;shrinkagestress
rootface land,nose
rootopening rootgap
shieldedmetalarcwelding stickelectrodewelding
solder softsolder
surfacing overlaying
welder,*weldingoperator weldor;operator
weldingmachine welder
weldingtorchorcuttingtorch blowpipe(exceptinbrazingandsolderinggastorch)
workpiecelead groundlead
weldingwire wire,fillerwire
*Referstotheindividual,nottorequirementormachines

UnitofmeasurementMetricConversion

Itissuggestedthatauthorspresentmeasurementsfirstintheunitsbywhichthemeasurementswereactuallymade
andthenaccompanytheminthefollowingmanner:

A. U.S.customary(nonmetric)unitsshouldbeaccompanied,inparentheses,bySIconversions.

B. SIunitsshouldbeaccompanied,inparentheses,byU.S.customaryunits

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 C. Wherealargenumberofmeasurementsandtheirconversionswillappeartogetherinatext,theauthorshould
omittheconversionsand,instead,presentatableofconversionsforeachoftheunitsused.Thepointhereisto
avoidimpairingthereadabilityofthearticle.

Thesesuggestionsapplyalsotodrawings,graphs,andtables.

Spacedoesnotpermitafullexplanationofthenames,prefixes,symbolsandabbreviationsusewithU.S.customary
andSIunits.ThisinformationcanbefoundinMetricPracticeGuidefortheWeldingIndustry(AWSA1.1)andto
significantdegreeinSIforAuthors",abrochurebasedoninformationfoundinAWSA1.1.

PREPARINGTHEMANUSCRIPT

Title
Selectatitlenotexceedingtenwords,keepinginmindthevalueofusingkeywordsforindexingpurposesand
futureliteraturesearch.

Subtitle
Ashort"blurb"maybeusedtohighlightthemajorideaorextendabrieftitle.Keeptolessthan20words.

Author'sName
Ifthereismorethanoneauthor,givenamesintheordertheyappearinprint,togetherwithtitleandbusiness
affiliationofeach.

BodyofPaper
Themainbodyofpaper,includingheadingsandsubheadings,shouldproceedinalogicalorder.Avoidrepetition
and"padding."Writeonlyasmuchasyouneedto;thenstop.

Tables
Eachtableshouldbepreparedseparatefromthetextandnumberedconsecutively(Table1,2,3,etc.).Abrief
descriptiveheadingshouldbegivenatthetopofeachtable,andeachtableshouldbecitedinthetext.Wheretabledata
requirefootnotes,use(a),(b),(c),etc.,asreferencingletters.Donotincludetablesinthemanuscriptpages.Submitthem
separately.

Acknowledgments
Creditshouldbegivenforallmatterobtainedfromotherauthors.(See"PermissionVerification"formfor
informationregardingtheuseofpreviouslypublishedtextualmatter,figures,ortables.)Specificcreditforathoughtor
devicementionedintextmaybegivenintext.Ingeneral,acknowledgementsofhelpfromassociatesorothersshouldbe
madeinthissection,whichshouldappearattheendofthetext,precedingthereferencesorbibliography.

ReferencesorBibliography
Literatureandtheworksofotherauthorscitedinthetextmustbereferencedbynumberandkeyedinthesameorder
toaseparatebibliography.Forthesakeofuniformityincatalogingandliteraturesearching,theformatoftheUniversityof
ChicagoPressManualofStylehasbeenadoptedandmustbeused.

Thefollowingbibliographicalreferencesillustratethecorrectorderandformofpresentationformagazinearticles,
books,reports,andproceedings(transactions),respectively.

1. Stout,R.D.,McLaughlin,P.F.,andStrunck,S.S.1969.Heattreatmenteffectsinmultiplepassweldspart
I.WeldingJournal48(4):155sto160s.
2. Hald,A.1952.StatisticalTheorywithEngineeringApplications.571,NewYork,N.W.Y.,Wiley
3. Horvath,P.J.,Jr.1964.Theinfluenceofmicrostructureonweldmetalimpactproperties.Ph.D.dissertation.
Bethlehem,Pa.,LehighUniversity.
4. Paris.P.C.1964.Thefracturemechanicsapproachtofatigue.Proc.10thSagamoreArmyMat.Res.Conf.
eds.J.J.Burke,N.L.Reed,andV.Wiess,pp.121134.SyracuseUniv.Press.

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Appendix
Allextendedmathematicaltreatments,chemicalanalysis,etc.,shouldbeplacedinanappendixtowhichreferencecanbe
madeinthetextorbodyofthepaper.Detailedexplanationsofmethodsshouldbeomittedunlessimportanttoclear
understandingofthepaper;thentheyshouldappearpreferablyintheappendix.Themeaningsofmathematicalsymbols
shouldbeexplained.Useatableifnecessary.

SUBMITTINGTHEMANUSCRIPTANDFIGURES

TheeditorsoftheWeldingJournalencourageauthorstosubmitmanuscriptselectronically.Thepreferredformatis
MicrosoftWordforMacintoshon3.5in.floppydisk,ZIPdisk,CD,orthroughemail.Theelectronicsubmissionshouldstill
beaccompaniedbyonehardcopyofthecompletemanuscript,includinganytablesandfigurecaptions.Thishardcopy
shouldbeon81/2x11in.orA4paper,andsenttoAmericanWeldingSociety,550NWLeJeuneRd.,Miami,FL33126;
Att:WeldingJournal.

Originalphotosshouldbesubmittedwiththehardcopymanuscript.Originalorgoodqualityphotocopiesoflineartand
graphsareacceptable.Figuresandlineartmayalsobesubmittedelectronically,buttheymusthaveaminimumdensityof
266dpiforphotosand1000dpiforlineart.The file type should be Tiff, EPS, JPEG, Adobe Photoshop, Adobe
Illustrator, or QuarkXpress. CD, DVD, Zip disk, or through e-mail are acceptable.

ResearchSupplements
PapersbeingsubmittedforconsiderationforpublicationintheWeldingResearchSupplementarerequiredtoundergoPeer
Reviewbeforeacceptanceforpublication.Anoriginalandonecopy(on81/2x11in.orA4paper)shouldbesubmitted,
includingfigures,tables,andfigurecaptions.Uponcompletionofanyoptionalorrequiredrevisionsmandatedbythe
reviewers,thefinalmanuscriptshouldbesubmittedaslistedabove.

TechnicalandscientificpaperspublishedintheWeldingJournalreflectthebroadinterestsoftheAWSmembership.These
articlesareoftenabstracted,microfilmed,cataloged,andindexedbyinformationretrievalgroupsandlibraries.Allpapers
andarticlesarethereforesubjecttoeditingtoconformtoestablishedstyle.Toexpeditepublicationoftheirpapers,authors
areurgedtoanticipatetheserequirementsandtopreparemanuscriptsaccordingly.

Usethechecklistbelowtoassurethatyouhavemetallrequirementsandreturnthemarkedlisttousetogetherwithyour
manuscriptsaccordingly.

CHECKLISTFORWELDINGJOURNALMANUSCRIPTS

SubjectMatter
Papersshouldgivenewfacts,newmethods,experimentalresultsorimportantconclusionsaboutdesign,
processes,techniques,construction,operation,maintenance,safety,orrelatedsubjects.

Title
Notmorethantenwordsmaybeused.

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ProposedBlurb(orSubtitle)
Nomorethan20wordsmaybeused.

HeadingandSubheadings
Severalheadings(subheadings,ifneeded),shouldbeusedthroughoutthetexttodividesubjectmatter
intoitsimportant,logicalparts.

LengthofManuscript
Lengthofmanuscriptshouldnotexceed6,000wordsforresearchpapersor4500wordsforfeaturearticles.

ManuscriptCopy
Originalmanuscript,oritsequivalent,andonecomplete,legiblecopymustbesubmittedbythe
author.Itmustbeon81/2x11in.orA4paper.

NumberofFigures
Awellbalancedpapercontainsapproximatelytwoillustrationsforeach1,000words.

ReferencingofFigures
Allillustrations,withpossibleexceptionsofa"lead"photo,mustbemarkedsequentialbyafigurenumber
andcalledoutinthetextbyfigurenumber.

FigureCaptions
Aseparatelistoffigurecaptionsshouldincludedwiththemanuscript.Captions
shouldbeconcise,i.e.,identifytheillustration,brieflystateitspurposeorwhatitshows.Discussions
belonginthetext.

"Lead"orThemePhoto
Papersofgeneralorpopulartechnicalinterest(asdistinguishedfromthemorescientificpapers
publishedintheWeldingResearchSupplement)mayincludea"lead"photothatcapturesthebasicidea
ortheme."Lead"photosmusthavecaptions,butnumberingandtextreferralareoptions.

Photographs
Photographicprintsshouldbeclearandsharp,withglossyfinish.Ifsubmittedelectronically,theymusthaveadensityof300
dpiorbetter.

LineDrawings,Graphs,etc.
Donotsubmitpoorreproductions.Originalslinedrawingsarepreferred,orsharp,cleanreproductions.Ifsubmitted
electronically,theymusthaveadensityof1000dpi.

StandardTerminology,Symbols,Tradenames,Trademarks,etc.
TermsanddefinitionsstandardizedbytheAmericanWeldingSocietymustbeused.RefertoAWS
A3.0StandardWeldingTermsandDefinitionsandAWSA2.4StandardSymbolsforWelding,Brazing
andNondestructiveExamination.Inallcases,sincecommercialism,tradenames,andtrademarks(or
expressionconsideredassuchbytheirindustry)havenoplaceinatechnicalpaper,suitablegenerictermsmustbeused.

PublicationsinOtherMagazines
PaperpresentedatAWSMeetingsbecomethepropertyoftheSocietyandoriginalpublicationrightsbelongtotheWelding
Journal.However,Permissiontoreprintthesepapers(aftertheyhaveappearedintheWeldingJournal)isusuallyextended
tootherpublications,uponwrittenrequest,ifcreditisgiven.

MatterAbstractedfromOtherMagazines
Abstractsandabridgmentsofarticlesfromotherpublicationsareaccepted,ifpermission(whererequired)isevidencedand
duecreditisgiventhesource.

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 NameofAuthor(s)

TitleofPaper

Dateofmanuscriptissubmitted

Returnofphotographsandlinedrawingsrequested?YesNo
PLEASE:CHECKABOVELISTANDATTACHTOMANUSCRIPT

PERMISIONVERIFICATION

COMPLETEAORBBELOWANDFORWARDTOTHEWELDINGJOURNAL

A. Thefigure(s)/table(s)submittedhavenotbeenpublishedbeforeorareinthepublicdomain.No
permissionformsarenecessaryformymanuscript.

B. Thefollowingfigure(s)/table(s)havebeenpublishedbeforeinthefollowingsources:

Figure/Tablein ReferenceNumberor
WeldingJournal BibliographicInformation

Iffigure(s)/table(s)aretobereprintedinthisworkinthesameform(orwithonlyminimalalteration)inwhichthey
werepublishedpreviously,WRITTENPERMISSIONMUSTBEOBTAINEDfromthecopyrightowner(usually
thepublisher).(Pleaseseeadditionalinformationonthebackofthisform.)

Pleasesign Date

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 COPYRIGHTRESPONSIBILITIES

Itistheresponsibilityoftheindividualauthortoobtainpermissiontousepreviouslypublished
material.Permissionmustbeobtainedfromtheoriginalcopyrightowner,whichinmostcasesisthe
publisher.(Iftheauthorofthisnewworkwasalsotheauthoroftheoriginalwork,permissionisstill
neededfromthepublisheroftheoriginalwork;thepublisherusuallyownsthecopyright.).The
informationitselfisnotsubjecttocopyrightonlytheform(orformat)ofpresentation.Forexample,
ifdatacontainedinthetextareconvertedtotabularform,nopermissionisneeded(itmustonlybe
referenced).However,iftheinformationispresentedexactlyasitappearedintheoriginalpublication
orwithonlyslightmodification,permissionisrequired.Pleasenotethatpermissionisnotneededtouse
U.S.Governmentmaterialsinceitisinthepublicdomain(however,thefullsourcemustbeindicated).
Pleaseobtainallreleasesthatyoudeemnecessary.Besuretoindicateonthereleaseformthe
figureortablenumberinyourmanuscripttowhicheachreleasecorresponds.Whenallthenecessary
releaseshavebeenobtained,completethePermissionVerificationformandforwarditandthe
completedreleaseformstous.

WeldingJournalResearchSupplement
ManuscriptSubmissionForm
ThisformMUSTbecompletedandreturnedbeforeyourmanuscriptcanbeconsideredforPeerRevieworcanbeassignedto
reviewers.PleasesubmitwithoriginalmanuscriptorreturnbyFax3054437404.

Title

AuthorName
(forcorrespondence)
Company/Organization
Address


Telephone Fax
emailaddress

KEYWORDS
Pleasenumberalltheappropriateinorder(1,2,3)oftheirimportance.
Reviewerswillbechosenonthebasisofyourresponses.
Processes Materials Others
Brazing/Soldering(15) AdvancedMaterials(19) ArcPhysics(39)
DiffusionWelding(112) AlAlloys(21) Automation(32)
EBW(30) CMnSteels(115) Corrosion(17)
ESW(13) CrMoSteels(116) Fracture/Fatigue(45)
FCAW(11) CuAlloys(22) NDE(46)
ForgeWelding(110) Ceramics(26) NumericalAnalysis(107)
FrictionWelding(111) Consumables/Fluxes(7) ProcessControl/Monitoring(118)
GMAW(9) HighStrengthSteels(117) ResidualStress/Distortion(109)
GTAW(8) NiAlloys(24) Robotics(33)

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 Hardfacing(114) Piping/Tubing(120) Sensors(34)
LBW(31) PolymericMaterials(25) WeldDesignAdvisors(119)
PAW(38) PressureVessels(71) WeldProcessSimulation(108)
ResistanceWelding(27) StainlessSteel(1) WeldabilityTesting(35)
SAW(12) TiAlloys(23) Other
SMAW(10)
Surfacing/Cladding(113)
ThermalSpraying(58)

AWSUSEONLY
ManuscriptNumber: NumberofFigures: Princ.Rev.:
Datereceived: Halftones:Lineart:
DateMs.Sub.F.rec. Originals:yesno PeerRev.:
DateSub.complete,entered Figs.toberet:.yesno
intoPeerReview NumberofTables: