March 2, 2017

The Presidency POLS 1101

Powers of the president
Presidential tools
Organization of the executive office of the president (eop)
Formal presidential power, I
-the framers expected that the executive branch would be smaller and less powerful
than congress and the framers did not believe it was necessary to enumerate the
executive powers as they had with the legislative powers

Formal presidential power, II

Formal powers of the president are often checked by the other branches
- commander in chief v. congress and the states
- veto v. veto override
- negotiate treaties v. senate approval
- appointment of judges and ambassadors v. senate approva
- l
- vested authority v. impeachment and removal

Congress declares war

Last time we declared war was in WWII

The Expansion of the presidency

-the constitution did not grant the office of president too much in the way of
unchecked powers. However, as the power of the country grew so, too, did the
power of the presidency.
Power of president
-power to persuade
-influence over agenda
Powers of the president affected by
-other branchs
-popular opinion

presidential powers and influence

Honeymoons
Term limits
-term limits insure turnover but they also create end-game effects
which alter presidents power and influence
Lame Duck
-a president in his or her second term cannot seek reelection. Such
presidents are referred to as lame ducks. Lame duck status gives the
president more political freedom, but it also magnifies end game
effects.
Tools of presidential leadership
Presidential powers are both formal and informal
Informal and formal powers typically interact
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Presidents use tools associated with their formal and informal

powers
The better the state economy is the more you approve of the
president
March 15, 2017
Bureaucracy: a system of government in which most of the important decisions are
made by state officials rather than by elected representatives
Hierarchical
Established relationships, protocols, and procedures
Full-time employees, which may lead to a drive to self-perpetuate
Division of labor, which may allow expertise to flourish
The American Bureaucracy
The bureaucracy is the large collection of executive branch departments,
agencies, boards, and commissions, and other government organizations that
carry out the responsibilities of the federal government
Responsibilities are established by law
Congress depends on bureaucrats to write regulations
The total number of federal employees, including the armed services is
almost five million people
The federal bureaucracy
The roles for bureaucratic agencies Quasi kinda like
-quasi-legislative (rulemaking)
-quasi-judicial (administrative adjudication)
Elements of congressional delegation
Final exam (gov) on may 4, 12:00-3:00
-Chevron v. NRDC
No essay
-partisan concerns (competing principals) No nsa
Redesigning Bureaucracy
Spoils or patronage based models
-loyalty trumps expertise
-regular turnover with electoral swings
Professional bureaucracy
-expertise trumps control
-established members of the bureaucracy
Pendleton Act
Hatch Act

Plumbook spoils loyalty (pres/party) certainty of obedience

Civil service professional - expert
People who get plumjobs (good jobs) are usually people who donated a lot of
money to the presidential election

Spring 2016
-call for renew
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-summer
-fall review
Cut
-nov director
jan pres
feb- congress
may allocation President sign/veto
oct 1. appropriation

Bureaucratic drift

President/congress

Liberal ----------------------------- conservative

Bureaucratic drift

President/congress

3-23-2017
Controlling bureaucracy, II
Institutional checks
-divided government
Congressional oversight, congressional authorizations and appropriations
Presidential signing statements, executive orders
-CONGRESSIONAL OVERSIGHT
-police patrols
-fire alarms
-Judicial Review
due process, standing, congressional intent
motor vehicle manufacturers association v. state farm mutual automobile
insurance vs. chevron v. NRDC

Redisigning and reducing the federal bureaucracy

devolution
-delegate to the state governments
-delegate to the local governments
patchwork of policies
coordination problems
flexibility
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Privatization
-efficiency gains versus control and monitoring
dime d-diplomacy i-intelligent m-military e-economic

COURTS

Constitutional Basis
Article 3 establishes National supreme court
3rd article says there should be a national supreme court as deemed
favorable by congress
Checked by congress and the president
-president appoints
-senate gives advice and consent
Confirmation
Senatorial courtesy
-congress
Funds the courts
Affects jurisdiction

Lower level courts if the senators dont like the guy being nominated the senators
will refuse to support

Judicial review
-most important concept to understanding federal courts by far
margaret v. madison most important case
Revolution of 1800
-constitutional flaw
-partisan shifts
court as a political and legal institution
-1789 judiciary act
-1801 judiciary act
-1802 judiciary act

state and local acts versus federal acts

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agency

Coalition Drift