Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
by Ransom Gladwin
Valdosta State University (Valdosta, United States)
Introductory remarks
There are thousands of ESOL (English for speakers of other languages) resources online.
However, as Krajka noted 13 years ago, it would be an insurmountable task to try and
browse all such search results, evaluate the websites, and decide which of them best suit the
users expectations (2002, p. 1). The World Wide Web has grown enormously since
Krajkas comments, and finding high-quality ESOL resources online remains a challenge,
especially free ones. ESOL websites truly offering praiseworthy resources for free deserve
recognition (Krajka, 2002). However, free ESOL websites continually disappear as some
cease functioning, some are bought out, and others shift to a pay model (Ciaffaroni, 2006).
Given that websites can positively impact the behaviors of web users (Lee, 2003), this
review-oriented article recommends twenty ESOL websites that are current, useful, and free.
Review process
The author has taught the online course Methods and Materials for Teaching ESOL every
year since 2005. This online graduate course is a required course in the three-course
endorsement for certified teachers in the state of Georgia in the United States. The course is
one of six required in the TESOL (Teaching English as a Second Language) certificate at a
state university designed for students from multiple disciplines to pursue teaching
opportunities within the field of TESOL. The course is offered in the fall, spring, and summer
with enrollments of between 10 and 20 graduate students each trimester. A major assignment
in the course requires each graduate student to rank two free ESOL websites from a master
list. The student evaluates the two sites and writes a comprehensive review for each one. The
student has to describe ease of use, purpose, accessibility, cost, and rank each website on a
scale of zero to five stars (five being the best). From fall 2006 to summer 2015, 152 graduate
students rated ESOL sites. The average scores (of at least four students for each website)
calculated from the ratings established the top 20 free online ESOL resource websites
presented in this review-oriented article.
The list of websites for the course is compiled by the author. The websites were
recommendations (Zainuddin, 2002) and featured websites in multiple back issues of
Essential Teacher Magazine, published by Teachers of English to Speakers of Other
Languages (TESOL), Inc. Some were also recommendations from colleagues. The current
master list contains forty-two websites and is updated through recommendations from each
new class of students. In the past decade, the master list has had over 110 sites on it at one
time or another. Sites are removed from the list when they become irrelevant.
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Starfall (Starfall) (#2) generates excitement among elementary school educators. Online
reviewers, in general, were not aware of the site, so it was a pleasant surprise for many to
discover such a resource. The web site received good reviews for its excellent download
center and relevance multiple audiences, specifically those involved with elementary
education, ESOL, homeschooling, and special education. The site targets students from pre-K
to 2nd grade, with a focus on reading and phonic awareness. The site is based on a systematic
program designed to teach or support reading through phonics. Online reviewers noted the
ease in which ELs or struggling readers would be able to use the site and its attractive visuals
and well-done voice recordings. Starfall does not have advertisements, but it does have a
store, and access to some materials requires subscription.
A bilingual (English-Spanish) site for teachers and the families of ELs, Colorin colorado
(Colorn colorado!) (#3), focuses on reading. The colorful site offers bilingual (English and
Spanish) materials and advice for teachers and parents of ELs. The website could be read
English or Spanish. They are not direct translations of each other, but two well-designed
websites filled with reading activities and links to reading exercises and resources. The site is
an outstanding resource, funded by the two largest teachers associations in the United States,
the American Federation of Teachers (AFT) and the National Education Association (NEA),
targeted at people involved in bilingual education with Spanish speakers. In general,
reviewers have loved the site and praised its resources as fun, engaging, and cutting-edge.
The site is well-organized with sections clearly labelled for users (including librarians and
administrators). The site is free, but reviewers did note solicitations for funds and multiple
links to other organizations and sites. A few reviewers commented that navigation was
difficult and that they were overwhelmed in places by the sheer amount of information.
However, one reviewer commented that the site tutorial explaining how to use the site was
intuitive and made her more comfortable with using the websites many features (J. Salter,
June 13, 2014).
The United States Department of Education funds the NCELA (NCELA National
Clearninghouse for English Language Acquisition) (#4) website. The site houses an extensive
collection of resources designed to support all aspects of English language education. The site
is easy to navigate. There are sections on national policy with links to important government
organizations and reports. Reviewers consistently have rated the site excellent and cited
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varied sections as their personal favorite. The webinars were positively reviewed, as were the
demographic maps of national EL populations. One reviewer stated that the AccELLerate
quarterly newsletter is one of the best parts of the site (K. Gonzalez, July 5, 2012). Reviews
were consistently positive in noting the website serves as a useful resource of national data
and policies that are of interest to learners in the USA.
Quizlet (Quizlet) (#6) allows users to create electronic flashcards in multiple languages in
order to facilitate memorization of words. When the site was new, reviewers liked it and
wanted to tell others about the site. Users may create vocabulary lists on flashcards, access
thousands of other lists, or create and use other games linked to the flashcards. The process of
creating and accessing lists is simple, and today the site has millions of users. Sharing, a
function of the site, allows teachers to create course or exercise-specific lists and then share
them with others (or borrow from others to make the lists in the first place). Reviewers still
like the site, but many already know about it, so excited posts tend to come from reviewers
unaware of the site. It is noted that Quizlet is not ESOL-specific. Users ranging from
beginners to graduate students create flashcards in a myriad of subjects and for all types of
standardized tests. However, ESOL teachers reported using the site with success, but one
reviewer commented that ESOL teachers would need to help beginners use the site (B. Smith,
July 3, 2012). The site is easy to use and has an excellent FAQ, but beginners may need help
signing up and using the site. Seven years ago Quizlet was a unique site that provided an
amazing study aid for free. Today there are other similar sites and applications, but it should
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still be recognized and commended for its sheer number of available lists and use of online
flashcards.
ERIC (ERIC Institute of Education Sciences) (#7), sponsored by the U.S. Department of
Education, indexes articles related to education. As noted by many reviewers, it is free and
easy to use. The long-running site is a no-frills depository of education-related academic
articles. However, some reviewers have thought that the articles lack practicality and would
not use them (R. Davis, November 19, 2009). Also, while there are many ESOL-related
articles available, reviewers have noted that the quality of the articles available varies, with
peer-reviewed sources labeled as such. Some articles are available as complete PDFs, others
are links to journals, and some are abstracts only. ERIC an excellent source to begin research,
but access to other journals would be needed for a comprehensive literature search. However,
for over 50 years, ERIC has allowed easy access to quality research related to all aspects of
education. Today the straightforward, easy to use, completely free site continues as an
outstanding entry point to research based ESOL articles.
For almost two decades, EnglishClubs (EnglishClub) (#9) website has served ESOL learners
and teachers. Members have access to a special forum and can share and display ones own
web presence, and most of the site is free. The website has resources for both teachers and
students. Reviewers have liked the site but were not overly excited about it, and the site
seldom generated much discussion. However, it was noted for its accessibility and links.
Reviewers who explored the site noted several useful features, such as an excellent chat
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feature, historical videos, and resources on slang (M. Sexton, July 19, 2001). The site
provides teaching materials and information covering all aspects of ESOL (learning, teaching,
job seeking, etc.).
The Speech Accent Archive (The Speech Accent Archive) (#10), established by the
linguistics program at George Mason University, is an audio collection of speech samples of
both native and non-native speakers of English from around the world. Each speech sample is
a recording of one speaker reading the same paragraph in English. The site has been reviewed
for years and it continues to grow, as new speech samples are added to the collection.
Currently, users have nearly 1500 speech samples and transcriptions to listen to and cite for
research purposes. Several reviewers have noted that one needed a QuickTime plug-in to
listen to the samples. Reviewers with interests in linguistics tended to rate the site positively,
while others thought that it was limited as a teaching or learning resource.
A website most reviewers have liked once they took the time to investigate all the materials
available, EnglishPage (EnglishPage.com) (#11), positions itself as a place for ESL/EFL
resources. The site has an excellent collection of listening and reading resources. The target
users are advanced learner. There are tutorials and links to resources. Reviewers noted that
the site has links to dictionaries, grammar lessons, and other resources. Several reviewers
commented on the ease of use of tutorials.
Scholastic (Scholastic) (#12) is the website of major American book publisher Scholastic.
Reviewers have praised the website for its useful materials and links to useful resources.
Users need to register to get the most out of the site. Parts of the site are fee-based and one
can buy books from the site. Reviewers noted the clear separation of activities for teachers
and students, and thought that the materials were of top quality. The site is not ESOL-specific,
but reviewers considered it an excellent ESOL resource. One reviewer noted that the site is
media-intensive and requires a broadband connection (M. Thomas, June 12, 2014).
Puzzlemaker (Puzzlemaker) (#13) is part of the larger Discovery Education website, but the
site is easily and freely accessible without needing to log-in or register at the main site.
Puzzlemaker is not specifically targeted at ESOL, but reviewers considered it a useful ESOL
resource. Teachers may create puzzles for students and there are many types of puzzles
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students may create themselves, even ones designed specifically for math. The only negatives
mentioned pertaining to the site was the singular focus of the site and a limited number of
puzzles.
One of the oldest ESL sites on the web, Daves ESL Caf (Dave's ESL Caf) (#14) continues
to be a recommended site for teachers interested in working in EFL overseas. Highlights of
the website include an international job board, an idea center for teachers, and a resource on
slangs for students. Reviewers have praised the site for the Asian-specific job advertisements.
Typical complaints involve clicking on the advertisements by mistake. One reviewer noted
how this is particularly easy to do at the bottom of the website (L. Whittaker, November 26,
2006). Nevertheless, Daves ESL Caf is worth visiting for anyone interested in teaching
overseas. They can see job advertisements, resumes of others seeking jobs, and find out about
challenges and other employment matters in specific countries.
The Internet TESL Journal (The Internet TESL Journal) (#16) is designed specifically for
practitioners. It is best described as a depository of articles, although the articles are not peer-
reviewed. Also, the site stopped accepting submissions in 2010 (resources are available from
1995-2010). Nevertheless, reviewers continue to give the site good reviews because the site
provides lesson plans, handouts, games, teaching ideas, and research studies from
practitioners and researchers all over the world. Because they are not peer-reviewed, the
articles here are not good for literature review. However, some of them present useful ideas
for teachers.
Randalls ESL Cyber Listening Lab (Randalls ESL Cyber Listening Lab, 1998) (#17) is a
long established site for students seeking listening materials. The site focuses on listening
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with samples from native speakers, which are categorized as easy, medium, or difficult. The
site is a popular location for students to practice listening. There is good, relevant content
beyond the general listening quizzes, such as games, a blog, even training for ones accent.
Reviewers, however, have not liked the advertisements that could be found throughout the
site.
Suessville Storymaker (Suessville Storymaker, 1995) (#18) is part of the larger official
Seussville.com website by Random House. Seussville.com has many games, activities and
biographical information about Mr. Theodor Seuss Geisel (aka Dr. Seuss). The website has a
activity in which a complete story is manufactured by the participant. Participants create a
story based on the book Horton Hears a Who. Participants choose a background, characters,
music, and text. The site is user-friendly and especially appealing to young children. One
reviewer has noted that her four-year old enjoyed it, but she would not recommend it to
younger children (S. Williams, June 29, 2012). For learners the strength of the site is the
focus on and use of user-generated story dialogue. The websites average score was 3.8.
Some reviewers commented that the website has only one activity, but many reviewers loved
it.
La Mansion del Ingles (La Mansin del Ingls) (#19) provides an English course in Spanish
and users complete the course with a diploma. The site has sections for listening, video
tutorials, and access to free books in English. Reviewers praised the amount of materials and
the user-friendly set-up geared for Spanish-speaking older students or adults studying English.
The fact that the site is completely in Spanish has bothered several monolingual English
reviewers. Users can view the site in English, and the site asks users if they wish to do so.
However, reviewers noted that this option was not always available. Furthermore, those that
did view the site in English reported that some parts were badly translated. One reviewer
even noted that whole sections remain untranslated (C. Jones, June 13, 2104). Nevertheless,
recent reviews have been excellent (4s or 5s). The site for years was in the low 3 range, but
upgrades in the general look and feel of the site (coupled with better accessibility to
materials) have brought it into the top twenty. It is a recommended site for users that read and
understand Spanish.
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ESL Partyland (ESL Partyland) (#20) received an average score of 3.2 from nine reviewers.
Reviewers have liked the materials, specifically those that are printable, and the sites fun
nature. One reviewer noted that even the quizzes project a sense of encouragement and
positive attitude (J. Wildes, October 21, 2013).
Implications
This study presents a list of websites available now to ESOL teachers and learners. The list is
a mix of sites, constructed by professionals and amateurs, directed at a variety of audiences.
The websites on the list are current, free, and have been designated as exemplary by multiple
reviewers over many years.
There is a wealth of materials available in these twenty sites, with many dedicated individuals
investing time, energy, and personal resources to keeping the sites functioning and freely
available to all. Using the Internet in and outside the classroom has been a routine part of the
ESOL experience for many years now (Rekrut, 1999; Son, 2008). With access to the Internet
now a global phenomenon, the sites are an important part of the world ESOL community
benefiting ESOL learners, teachers, and anyone interested in TESOL.
Over the years, this author has noted that an ESOL website often starts as a free and
independent website. However, the site later charges, adopts advertisements, or is bought by
another entity (and is no longer free). The reader is thus encouraged to exploit these resources
while they are still free.
References
Colorn colorado! (2016). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from WETA Productions:
www.colorincolorado.org
Aardvarks EnglishForum.com. (1995). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from English Forum:
www.englishforum.com/00
Ciaffaroni, M. (2006). How good are ESL/EFL Websites? The Journal of Teaching English
with Technology, 6(1).
Dave's ESL Caf. (1995). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from Daves ESL Caf :
www.eslcafe.com
EnglishClub. (2016). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from EnglishClub: www.englishclub.com
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EnglishPage.com. (2016). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from Language Dynamics, Inc.:
www.englishpage.com
ERIC Institute of Education Sciences. (2016). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from ED.gov.IES
Institute of Education Sciences: www.eric.ed.gov
ESL Partyland. (2005). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from ESL Partyland:
www.eslpartyland.com
Krajka, J. (2002). EFL/ESL portal sites An attempt at a comparison. TESL-EJ, 6(2).
La Mansin del Ingls. (2016). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from La Mansin del Ingls:
www.mansioningles.com
Lee, K. (2003). Readability and usability of Web-based materials. Guidelines, 25(1), 29-31.
MakesBeliefsComix. (2006). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from MakesBeliefsComix:
www.makebeliefscomix.com
NCELA National Clearninghouse for English Language Acquisition. (2016). Retrieved
March 22, 2016, from NationalClearninghouse for English Language Acquisition
(NCELA): www.ncela.us
Puzzlemaker. (2016). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from Discovery Education:
www.discoveryeducation.com/free-puzzlemaker
Quizlet. (n.d.). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from Quizlet Inc.: www.quizlet.com
Randalls ESL Cyber Listening Lab. (1998). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from Randall Davis:
www.esl-lab.com
ReadWriteThink. (2016). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from National Council of Teachers of
English: www.readwritethink.org
Rekrut, M. D. (1999). Using the Internet in Classroom Instruction: A Primer for Teachers.
Journal of Adolescent and Adult Literacy, 42(7), 546-557.
Scholastic. (2016). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from Scholastic Inc:
www.scholastic.com/home
Son, J. (2008). Using web-based language learning activities in the ESL classroom.
International Journal of Pedagogies & Learning, 4(4), 34-43.
Starfall. (2002). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from Star Fall Education: www.starfall.org
Suessville Storymaker. (1995). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from Dr. Seuss Enterprises:
www.seussville.com/games_hb/storymaker/story_maker.htm
TESOL International Association. (2016). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from TESOL
International Association: www.tesol.org
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The Internet TESL Journal. (1995). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from The Internet TESL
Journal: www.iteslj.org
The Speech Accent Archive. (2016). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from Georgia Mason
University: www.accent.gmu.edu
Zainuddin, H. Y.-J. (2002). Fundamentals of teaching English to speakers of other languages
in K-12 mainstream classrooms. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendal//Hunt Publishing Company.
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