ExperimentNo.

1
TotalOrganicCarbon(TOC)Analyzer

Aim:
To measure the total amount of NonPurgeable Carbon
(NPOC)intapwater,drinkingwaterandlaboratorydistilledwater.

Introduction:
TOC analyzers are used in diverse fields, including the
management of tap water, effluent, and ultrapure water,
management of pharmaceutical water used in drug manufacturing
processes, evaluation of cleaning efficiency (cleaning validation),
andenvironmentalinvestigationsofriverwaterandsoils.

TOC measurements involve first purging the maximum

amount of carbon possible by passing carrier gas(compressed air)
through the sample. Then the carbon present in the sample is
oxidised by the combustion furnace present in the TOC
analyser.The combustion temperatureisaround680C.Thecarrier
gas then sweeps the oxidised carbon (CO2) into the
NonDispersive Infrared Detector (NDIR). The NDIR generates a
nonlinear signal proportional totheinstantaneousconcentrationof
CO2 as the NDIR is sensitive to the adsorption frequency of the
CO2. The signal obtained from the NDIR is then linearised and
integrated over sample analysis time. The resulting area is then
comparedwiththecalibrationdatafortheequipment.

Procedure:

1)TurnontheTOCAnalyser.
2) Insert the tip of the sampling tube intothesamplevessel.Cover
theopeningofthevesselwithparafilm.
3)Setthecarriergassupplyto200kPa.
4) Open a New table in the Sample Table Tab from the
TOCControlLprogram.
5) Select the TOCL calibration data as a baseline and create the
table.
6) Select the Insert Sample option. Complete the setup wizard.
7)Check whether all the parameters of the machine as set up
correctlyandselectthestartoption.
8)Notedownthefinalreadingcalculatedbythesoftware.
9)Repeatsteps2to8forothersamples.
10)Shutdowntheinstrumentafteruse.

DATA:

SupplyGasPressure209.3kPa
GasFlowRate150ml/min
Dehumidifier0.9C

Functionof8PortsofSampleInjectionSystem:
1manualinjection.
2autosampleinjection.
3HClinlet.
4DilutionWater(0ppm).
5&6Drain.
7Inputofthesample.
8Ultrapurewatertrap.

Observations:

TotalNonPurgeableCarbonContentfor
a)TapWater:104.8ppm
b)DrinkingWater:7.324ppm
c)LaboratoryDistilledWater:1.967ppm

ResultAndInference:

Permittedvaluesfordrinkingwaterare3.75ppmto6.01ppm.
Permittedvaluesfordistilledwateris0ppm.

S.no SampleName Analysis Result

(ppm)

1. Tapwater 104.8 Thissampleisnotsafetodrink.

2. DrinkingWater 7.324 Thissampleisnotsafetodrink.
3. Lab. Distilled 1.967 Thissampleisnotsafeforuse.
Water

Acknowledgement:

Thanks to our T.A. Ramya for guiding in our experiment.