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Correspondence to:
Xinjin Liu email: liuxinjin2006@163.com
ABSTRACT
The spinning triangle is a critical region in the yarn, and the spinning triangle is formed [1]. The
spinning process of staple yarn. Its geometry spinning triangle is a critical area in the staple yarn
influences the distribution of fiber tension at spinning process and its geometry influences the
spinning triangle directly and affects the qualities of fiber tension distribution at the spinning triangle
spun yarns. Taking appropriate measures to change and affects the properties of spun yarns [1-4].
the ring spinning triangle geometry and improve the Taking appropriate measures to change the spinning
qualities of yarn has attracted more and more triangle geometry and improve the quality of yarn
interest recently. Spinning triangle division is one of has attracted great interest recently [3-5]. All the
the most effective measures, such as solospun existing spinning technologies are achieved by
technology. Therefore, in this paper, the effect of changing the ring spinning triangle in a sense, such
ring spinning triangle division on fiber tension as the sirospun [6], solospun [7], and compact
distribution was studied theoretically. The general spinning [8]. Spinning triangle division is one of the
case that the spinning triangle is divided into two most effective measures, such as solospun
parts, primary triangle and final triangle, was technology, which is implemented by dividing the
investigated. Firstly, theoretical models of the fiber ring spinning triangle into several small primary
tension distributions in the final and primary triangles and one final triangle by using a solospun
spinning triangles are given respectively using the roller [7]. Meanwhile, a series of achievements on
principle of minimum potential energy. Secondly, solospun technology haven been obtained, such as
the fiber tension distributions in the spinning Solo-Sirofil Composite Yarn [9], twist amplitude
triangle with different shape parameters are and breaking strength of Solospun yarns [10], and
numerically simulated. Finally, the possible effects Solospun worsted yarns [11] .
of ring spinning triangle division on yarn qualities
are analyzed according to the numerical simulations The subject of spinning triangle has been one of the
and previous results. In addition, the properties of most important research topics and has attracted
spun yarns produced by the modified ring spinning increasing attention recently. Fruitful results have
system were evaluated and analyzed. been obtained [3,4,12,13]. A theoretical model of
the symmetrical spinning triangle was developed
Keywords: Spinning triangle division; Fiber tension using the principle of stationary total potential
distribution; Ring spinning energy [13]. However, the spinning triangles are
often asymmetric due to the frictional contacts of
INTRODUCTION fibers with the bottom roller in real situations.
In the ring spinning process, the fiber strand comes Therefore, this model was further extended to the
from the draft zone which is flat, and almost all asymmetric spinning triangle by introducing a shape
fibers are parallel to the twisting axis of the strand parameter for describing the skew level of the
in this time. Then, when it is twisted, the fiber geometry of the spinning triangle [1]. Furthermore,
strands rotate around the axis and the width begin to yarn spinning tension often has an obvious angle
decrease, and the fibers on both sides of the axis with the vertical axis perpendicular to the nip line in
fold gradually and roll into the center of the spun some modified ring spinning systems [4,5].
THEORETICAL ANALYSIS
The spinning triangle with three primary triangles is
shown in Figure 1. Here, h1 and h2 are the
height of the primary and final triangle respectively,
H denotes the height of ring spinning triangle and
FIGURE 2. Fiber distribution at left primary spinning triangle.
satisfies
Fs 2 ( 2v + 1) AE M j ( M j 1)
m
=Fj =0,1,,m n
j =1
M j + ( 2v + 1) AE ( M j 1) (3)
2 M j 1 2
j =1
m
Fs 2 ( 2v + 1) AE M j ( M i 1)
=Fj=0,1,,m m
j =1
M j + ( 2v + 1) AE ( M j 1) (4)
2 M j 1 2
j =1
v
Fj AE M i , j ( M i , j 1) + M i, j ( M ij 1)
v
F = i 1 =i 1 M + AE ( M i , j 1) (5)
=i 0,1,
= , v , j 0,1,, m v v i, j
i, j
=i 1 =
M
2
i 1
+ M i, j 2 1
v
Fj AE M i , j ( M i , j 1) + M i, j ( M ij 1)
v
i 1 =i 1 M + AE M 1
= F
i 0,1,
= , v , j
=
0,1,, m v v i, j ( i, j ) (6)
=i 1 =
i , j i, j
i 1
M 2
+ M 2
1
v
Fj AE M i , j ( M i , j 1) + M i, j ( M i, j 1)
v
F = i 1 =i 1 M + AE ( M i , j 1)
(7)
=i 0,1,
= , v , j 0,1,, m v v i , j
M
i , j
=i 1 =
2
i 1
+ M i, j 2 1
v
Fj AE M i , j ( M i , j 1) + M i, j ( M i, j 1)
v
F = i 1 =i 1 M + AE ( M i, j 1)
(8)
=i 0,1,
= , v , j 0,1,, m v v i, j
M
i , j
=i 1 = i 1
2
+ M i, j 1
2
1 1
Here, M i , j = , M i, j =
cos i , j tan a j sin i , j cos i, j + tan a j sin i, j
1 1
M i , j = , M i, j =
cos i , j + tan a j sin i , j cos i, j tan a j sin i, j
wi h1 tan a j wi + h1 tan a j
tan (i, j a j ) = , tan ( i , j + a j ) =
h1 h1
wi + h1 tan a j wi h1 tan a j
tan (i, j + a j ) = , tan ( i , j a j ) =
h1 h1
w w
wi = i , wi = i .
2n 2n
b=0.25
cotton yarn used in the analysis 0.6
b=0.5
-0.2
twist direction Z. By using Matlab software, the
-0.4
numerical simulation results of the fiber tensions at
-0.6
spinning triangle were obtained in Figures 6-11. 0 20 40 60 80
Fiber position (Number)
100 120 140
2.5 m=0
1.5 m=1
m=4
2 b=0
Fiber Tension (cN)
m=7
b=0.25 1 m=13
1.5 b=0.5 m=22
b=1
b=2 0.5
Fiber Tension (cN)
1
b=3
0.5 0
0 -0.5
-0.5
-1
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Fiber position (Number)
-1
-1.5
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Fiber position (Number) FIGURE 9. Fiber tension distribution at spinning triangles with
different primary triangle number when = 0.25 .
FIGURE 6. Fiber tension distribution at spinning triangles with
different division proportions when m = 1 .
Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 24 http://www.jeffjournal.org
Volume 10, Issue 3 2015
Fi of each primary triangle is independent of
2.5
when the number of primary triangle 2m + 1 is
2
fixed. However, with the increasing of , the height
of primary triangle h1 decreases, and shape
1.5 m=0
m=1
parameter m = wm / h2 increases correspondingly,
Fiber Tension (cN)
0.5
m=22
wm =
of the primary spinning triangle. Meanwhile, with
0
the decreasing of h1 , the angle between the left
-0.5 boundary fiber in the j -th primary triangle and the
right boundary fiber in the j + 1 -th primary triangle
-1
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 is increased, which leads to the increase of fiber
Fiber position (Number)
tension fluctuation between two adjacent primary
triangles. Furthermore, as shown in Figures 6-8, the
FIGURE 10. Fiber tension distribution at spinning triangles with total magnitudes of fiber tensions at spinning
different primary triangle number when = 1 . triangles with divisions are larger than that of
common ring spinning. Meanwhile, comparing
Figure 6, Figure 7 and Figure 8, for the same
3 division proportion , with the increasing of primary
2.5
triangle number 2m + 1 , the magnitudes of fiber
m=0
m=1
tensions at each primary triangles are decreased.
2
m=4 According to Eq. (3) and Eq. (4), with the increasing
m=7
1.5
of m , the difference between the load F j and
Fiber Tension (cN)
m=13
1
m=22
Fj +1 is decreased, which lead to the smaller fiber
0.5 tension fluctuation between two adjacent primary
0
triangles according to Eq. (5) through Eq. (8).
Meanwhile, with the increasing of m , the fiber
-0.5
number at each primary triangle 2v + 1 is
-1 decreased, and the load F j also decreased, which
-1.5
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
lead to the reduction of fiber tension magnitudes at
Fiber position (Number) each primary triangle.
AUTHORS ADDRESSES
Xinjin Liu
Xuzhong Su
Jiangnan University
Lihu Road 1800
Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122
CHINA