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225 After you introduce the essential question at the Memorization alone will not give students the skills
beginning of the unit, students reflect on it they need to succeed in everyday life. Having essential
repeatedly as they gather evidence, explore questions can guide ideas and help students engage
various perspectives, and build their knowledge in critical thinking. When students are able to dig
with purpose and focus. They are then able to deeper and understand information in new ways then
synthesize and evaluate what they have learned they are opening their minds to bigger questions,
to create meaningful and convincing response to conversations, and knowledge.
the question.
229 Once you have determined your essential Kick-off activities should enhance the essential
question for the unit, design a kick-off activity for question, connect students to their objectives, and
the first lesson that introduces the essential help students engage in to the lesson that follows. The
question, piques student interest, and challenges kick-off is a transition that sets the stage for the main
students to draw initial conclusions. ideas.
231 Step 3. Determine the sections of the Everything in the lesson, the opening, body, and
unit..These sections, each containing a series of closing should relate back to the essential question.
lessons should provide a clear organization for Doing this allows teachers to scaffold students
students as they gather and weigh evidence from towards bigger ideas. Teachers should always make
a variety of perspectives, all related to the sure that the information they are giving will give
essential question. students the tools they need to think deeper.
231 While considering the standards, you should If information does not address the essential question
view them through the lens of your essential then the information should be rethought. Teacher
question for the unit: What lessons will both should ask themselves Should I be using this? Does it
address key standards and enable students to hold value towards our objectives?
explore the essential question from different
points of view?
233 As we explain in Assessments to Inform Keeping in mind that every students is different, it is
Instructions, an effective assessment process in imperative that the assessment process test students
social studies involves activities in which students in multiple ways. Assessments should allow students
use their various intelligences to both to show their knowledge in a way that is meaningful
demonstrate and further their understanding of and real. Always assessing the same way might not
key concepts in authentic ways. allow all students to perform to the best of their
abilities.