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All Blacks
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New Zealand

Union New Zealand Rugby Football Union

Nickname(s) All Blacks

Coach Graham Henry

Captain Richie McCaw

Most caps Sean Fitzpatrick (92)

Top scorer Andrew Mehrtens (967)

Most tries Christian Cullen (46)

　 　
Team colours Change colours
First international

Australia 3 - 22 New Zealand

(15 August 1903)

Largest win

New Zealand 145 - 17 Japan

(4 June 1995)
 Worst defeat

Australia 28 - 7 New Zealand

(28 August 1999)

World Cup

Appearances 5 (First in 1987)

Best result Champions, 1987

The All Blacks are New Zealand's national rugby union team. Rugby union is New
Zealand's national sport, with the All Blacks a formidable power in international rugby,
achieving a winning record against all nations.

The All Blacks compete annually with the Australian rugby team, the Wallabies, and the
South African rugby team, the Springboks, in the Tri-Nations Series, in which they also
contest the Bledisloe Cup with Australia. The All Blacks have been Tri-Nations
champions seven times in the tournament's eleven-year history, and twice completed a
Grand Slam (in 1978 and in 2005), and currently hold the Bledisloe Cup. They are the
top-ranked team in the world, and the 2006 International Rugby Board (IRB) Team of the
Year.[1][2] Twelve former All Blacks have been inducted into the International Rugby Hall
of Fame.

The team first competed internationally in 1893 against New South Wales, and played
their first Test match in 1903, a victory against Australia. This was soon followed by a
tour of the northern hemisphere in 1905, during which the team's only loss was to Wales
in Cardiff.

The All Blacks completed their first series win over archrivals South Africa ("The
Springboks") in New Zealand in 1956. A decade later, they achieved their longest
winning streak by winning seventeen Tests between 1965 and 1970. The British and Irish
Lions achieved their only series victory over the All Blacks in 1971, but seven years later
the All Blacks completed their first Grand Slam (wins over England, Ireland, Scotland,
and Wales on the same tour).

The 1981 Springbok tour to New Zealand caused large-scale civil unrest due to protests
over South Africa's apartheid policy. In 1987 New Zealand hosted and won the inaugural
Rugby World Cup. New Zealand toured post-apartheid South Africa in 1996, and
achieved their first series win on South African soil.

Early New Zealand national rugby uniforms consisted of a black jersey with a silver fern
and white knickerbockers. By their 1905 tour the All Blacks were wearing all black,
except for the silver fern, and their All Black name dates from this time. The All Blacks
traditionally perform a haka (Māori posture dance) before each match. Traditionally, the
haka performed is Te Rauparaha's Ka Mate, though since 2005, Kapa o Pango, a
modified version of the 1924 All Blacks haka, Kia Whaka-ngawari, has occasionally
been performed.

Contents
[hide]

• 1 History
o 1.1 Introduction of rugby to New Zealand
o 1.2 International competition begins
o 1.3 Development of a legacy
o 1.4 Controversial tours
o 1.5 Early World Cups
o 1.6 Professional era
• 2 Jersey
• 3 Haka
• 4 Record
o 4.1 Tri-Nations
o 4.2 World Cup
o 4.3 Overall
• 5 Players
o 5.1 Current squad
o 5.2 Notable players
o 5.3 Individual records
• 6 Coaches
• 7 Home grounds
• 8 See also
• 9 Notes and references
• 10 Bibliography

• 11 External links

[edit] History
[edit] Introduction of rugby to New Zealand

The team which toured New South Wales, Australia in 1884.

Rugby Football was introduced to New Zealand by Charles Monro in the late 1860s;
Monro discovered the sport while completing his studies at Christ's College Finchley,
England.[3] The first game in New Zealand took place in May 1870 in Nelson between the
Nelson club and Nelson College. The first union, Canterbury, was formed in 1879.[4] In
1882, New Zealand's first internationals were played when the Southern Rugby Union
(later the New South Wales Rugby Union) toured the country. The tourists played
Auckland provincial clubs twice, Wellington twice and once each against Canterbury,
Otago and West Coast, North Island, winning four games and losing three. Two years
later the first New Zealand team to go overseas toured New South Wales; New Zealand
played and won eight games.[5]

The first tour by a British team took place in 1888 when a British Isles team toured
Australia and New Zealand, although no Test matches were played. The players were
drawn mainly from England and the Scottish Borders, although there were
representatives from all four home unions.

[edit] International competition begins

The 1905 Original All Blacks.

The year 1892 saw the formation of the New Zealand Rugby Football Union (NZRFU)
representing seven unions not including Canterbury, Otago and Southland.[6][7] The first
sanctioned New Zealand side toured New South Wales in 1894 and the following year
New Zealand played its first home "international" game, losing 8-6 to New South Wales.
[8]
The team's first true international match was against Australia on 15 August, 1903 at
the Sydney Cricket Ground, resulting in a 22-3 win.[9]

A representative New Zealand team first toured Britain in 1905 (since referred to as the
Originals). Reference to the team by the name "All Blacks" first appeared during this tour
when, according to team member Billy Wallace, a London newspaper reported that the
New Zealanders played as if they were "all backs".[10] Wallace claimed that due to a
typographical error, subsequent references were to "All Blacks". This is likely myth
however, as the name also describes their playing uniform of black shirts, shorts and
socks.[10]

The Originals' only loss on tour was 3-0 to Wales at Cardiff.[11] The match has entered
into the folklore of both countries because of controversy over whether All Black Bob
Deans scored a disallowed try (which would have earned the team a 3-3 draw). A team
representing the British Isles — known as the Anglo-Welsh since they consisted only of
English and Welsh players — undertook a return tour to New Zealand in 1908 and were
defeated in the test series 2-0 by the All Blacks.

[edit] Development of a legacy

New Zealand's rivalry with South Africa began in 1921, when the Springboks (as the
South African team is known) toured New Zealand for a Test series that finished all
square.[12] The All Blacks went on to later tour South Africa for the first time in 1928; this
series also ended in a draw.

The 1924 All Black tourists to the United Kingdom (UK) were eventually dubbed the
Invincibles because they had won every game. However, the team were deprived of the
chance to complete a grand slam when Scotland refused to play them because of an
argument over expenses.[13] The first truly representative British Isles (now known as
British and Irish Lions) side toured New Zealand in 1930. Although the Lions won the
first Test, the home side regrouped and went on to win the series 3-1. New Zealand
toured the UK again in 1935-36, losing only three games (including two Tests) during a
30-match tour.[14] In one of these losses, Prince Obolensky famously scored two tries to
help England to a 13-0 win, their first over the All Blacks.[15]

In 1937, South Africa won a series against the All Blacks when they toured New
Zealand, and this 1937 South African team has subsequently been described as the best
team ever to leave New Zealand.[16][17] It wasn't until 1949, after the end of the Second
World War, that the All Blacks next played the Springboks when they visited South
Africa with Fred Allen as captain. The tour witnessed an infamous All Blacks record —
the loss of two Test matches on the same day. This was made possible because Australia
were touring New Zealand at the same time. On the afternoon of September 3 (New
Zealand time), the All Black team captained by J. B. (Johnny) Smith was beaten 11-6 by
Australia in Wellington.[18] That same afternoon in South Africa (South Africa time), the
All Blacks captained by Ron Elvidge (Allen was injured) lost 9-3 to the Springboks in
Durban.[19] The All Blacks in New Zealand also lost their second Test, 16-9, which gave
Australia the Bledisloe Cup for the first time. Although each Test was very close, the All
Blacks lost the series 4-0.

The two series losses to South Africa made their 1956 tour of New Zealand highly
anticipated. The All Blacks were captained by Bob Duff and coached by Bob Stuart, and
their 3-1 series win was their first ever over the Springboks as well as being the
Springboks' first ever series loss against any opponent.[20][21] During the series, the All
Blacks had introduced Don Clarke and Kevin Skinner in the last two Tests to help secure
the win.[21] Skinner was introduced to "sort out" the South African props whilst Don Clark
would subsequently become known as "The Boot" for his goal kicking.[22][23]

The All Blacks' 3-1 series win over the Lions in 1959 proved to be the start of a dominant
period in All Blacks rugby. This was followed by the 1963-64 tour to the UK, led by
Wilson Whineray, in which the All Blacks came very close to achieving a Grand Slam
but were deprived by a scoreless draw with Scotland.[24]. The only loss on this tour was to
Newport RFC who defeated the All Blacks 3-0 at Rodney Parade, Newport on October
30, 1963[25]. Later, the 1967 side won three Tests, but was unable to play Ireland because
of a foot-and-mouth scare.[24] This tour formed part of The All Blacks longest ever
winning streak between 1965 and 1970, during which they recorded 17 Test victories.[26]
Although the 1966 Lions were defeated 0-4 in their New Zealand tour, there was a
reversal of fortune five years later when the 1971 Lions, under the captaincy of
Welshman John Dawes, beat the All Blacks in a Test series which remains the Lions'
only series victory in New Zealand to date.

The 1972-3 tourists narrowly missed a Grand Slam with a draw against Ireland.[24] The
tour was also notable for the sending home of prop Keith Murdoch, who was alleged to
have been involved in a brawl in a Cardiff hotel while celebrating the defeat of Wales.[27]

In 1978, Graham Mourie captained the All Blacks to their first Grand Slam which was
completed with a 13-12 victory over Wales. That game generated great controversy after
the All Blacks won as the result of a late penalty. Lock Andy Haden had dived out of a
line-out in an attempt to earn a penalty; however the penalty awarded by referee Roger
Quittenton was actually against Welsh lock Geoff Wheel for jumping off the shoulder of
Frank Oliver.[28] The All Blacks' only loss on the tour was the famous 12-0 defeat by Irish
province Munster at Thomond Park.[29] made famous by the John Breen play Alone it
Stands.[30]

[edit] Controversial tours

The 1976 All Blacks tour of South Africa generated much controversy and led to the
boycott of the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal by thirty-three African nations.[31] The
All Blacks again failed to win the Test series in South Africa (they would not do so until
1996, after the fall of apartheid). The 1976 Tour contributed to the Gleneagles Agreement
being adopted by the Commonwealth Heads of State in 1977.[32]

The 1981 South African tour to New Zealand sparked protests against South Africa's
apartheid policy[33] the likes of which had not been seen in New Zealand since the 1951
waterfront dispute.[34] The NZRU had invited the Springboks to tour as the Muldoon
government refused to involve politics in sport.[32] Although the All Blacks won the Test
series, two of the tour's provincial games were cancelled and the whole tour was marred
by violence and protest.[35] During the tour the country experienced unrest, and the tour
had a significant impact on New Zealand society.[35][33][36]

The 1985 All Blacks tour to South Africa was cancelled after legal action argued it would
breach the NZRU's constitution.[36] In 1986, a rebel tour to South Africa took place which
had not been authorised by the NZRU and the team, named the Cavaliers, featured many
All Blacks of the time.[37][38] Those that participated in the tour received a ban from the
NZRU when they returned to New Zealand.[39]

[edit] Early World Cups

The inaugural World Cup in 1987 was co-hosted and won by New Zealand, who beat
France 29-9 in the final at Eden Park, Auckland. New Zealand conceded only 52 points
and scored 43 tries in six games en route to the title, having swept aside the challenges of
Italy, Fiji, Argentina, Scotland, Wales and France.[40]

By the 1991 World Cup, the All Blacks were an ageing side,[41] co-coached by Alex
Wyllie and John Hart. They struggled during pool matches against the United States and
Italy, but won their quarter-final against Canada.[42] They were then knocked out by
eventual winners Australia 16-6 in their semi-final at Lansdowne Road. In the wake of
the tournament, there were many retirements, including coach Wyllie, who had enjoyed
an 86% win rate during 29 Tests in charge.[43]

Laurie Mains replaced Wyllie in 1992, and was given the job of preparing the side for the
1995 event in South Africa. The All Blacks were again favourites to take the
championship.[44] Their favouritism was confirmed when a young Jonah Lomu scored
four tries against England in the All Blacks' 45-29 semi-final win.[45] However, the New
Zealand team suffered an outbreak of food poisoning before the final. Despite this, they
took hosts South Africa to extra time, before losing to Joel Stransky's drop goal.[46][47]

[edit] Professional era

The professional era in rugby union began in 1995, marked by creation of the SANZAR
group (a combination of South Africa, New Zealand and Australia)[48] which was formed
with the purpose of selling TV rights for two new competitions, the domestic Super 12
competition and the Tri-Nations.[48] The first Tri-Nations was contested in 1996, with the
All Blacks winning all four of their Tests to take the trophy.[49]

The 1996 Tri-Nations match in South Africa between the All Blacks and Springboks was
also the first in a historic series. Under new coach John Hart and the captaincy of Sean
Fitzpatrick, the All Blacks won a Test series in South Africa for the first time.[50]
Fitzpatrick even rated the series win higher than the 1987 World Cup victory in which he
had participated.[50]

The next two seasons saw mixed results for the All Blacks, who won the 1997 Tri-
Nations before losing it for the first time in 1998. The All Blacks won all their Tri-
Nations Tests in 1997.[51] However, in 1998, the All Blacks lost all four of their Tests, the
first time they had lost four in succession since 1949.[52] The following year, they suffered
their worst ever Test loss, a 28-7 loss to Australia in Sydney.[53]

The All Blacks rebounded in the 1999 World Cup and dominated their pool, handing
England a 30-16 defeat at Twickenham. They advanced past Scotland 30-18 in the
quarter-finals to play France at Twickenham. The All Blacks finished the first half ahead
17-10.[53] France then produced a famous half of rugby to which the All Blacks had no
answer, eventually winning 43-31.[53] Hart subsequently resigned as coach and was
replaced by co-coaches Wayne Smith and Tony Gilbert.
Under Smith and Gilbert, the All Blacks came second in the 2000 and 2001 Tri-Nations.
Both coaches were replaced by John Mitchell on 3rd October 2001 who went on to coach
the All Blacks to victory in both the 2002 and 2003 Tri-Nations, as well as regaining the
Bledisloe Cup (which had been held by Australia since 1998) in 2003. After winning the
2003 Tri-Nations, they entered the 2003 World Cup as one of the favourites and
dominated their pool, running up wins against Italy, Canada and Tonga before winning
one of the most competitive matches of the tournament against Wales.[54] They defeated
South Africa, a team they had never beaten at the World Cup, 29-9, but lost again to
Australia 22-10 in the semi-final in Sydney. Afterwards, Mitchell was fired by the NZRU
and replaced by Graham Henry.

The All Blacks playing England at Twickenham in 2006.

Henry's tenure began with a double victory over reigning World Champions England in
2004. The two games had an aggregate score of 72-15, with the All Blacks keeping
England try-less.[55][56] Despite the winning start to Henry's tenure, the Tri-Nations was a
mixed success with two wins and two losses. The competition was the closest ever, bonus
points decided the outcome and the All Blacks finished last.[57][58] The 2004 season
finished on a high however, with the All Blacks winning in Europe, including a record
45-6 victory over France.[59]

In 2005, the All Blacks whitewashed the touring British and Irish Lions 3-0 in the Test
series, won the Tri-Nations, and achieved a second Grand Slam over the Home Nations.
They went on to sweep the major International Rugby Board year-end awards in which
the All Blacks were named Team of the Year, Henry was named Coach of the Year, and
fly-half (first five) Daniel Carter was Player of the Year.[60] The All Blacks were
nominated for the Laureus World Sports Award for Team of the Year in 2006 for their
2005 performance.[61]

In 2006, they again took the Tri Nations Series by winning their first five matches, (three
against Australia and two against South Africa). However, they lost their final match of
the series against South Africa. They completed their end of year tour unbeaten, with
record away wins over France, England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales, completing a
second "Grand Slam".[62] The All Blacks were named 2006 IRB Team of the Year and
were nominated for the Laureus World Sports Award for the second time, while flanker
Richie McCaw was named IRB Player of the Year.[2][61][63]

The 2007 season started off with two mid-year Tests against France. The All Blacks won
the Tests; 42 - 11 at Eden Park, and 61 - 10 at Westpac Stadium. A third game between
Canada and the All Blacks resulted in a 64-13 scoreline, although the game was more
competitive than the scoreline portrayed.[64]

The All Blacks' first Tri-Nations game of 2007 was against the Springboks in Durban,
South Africa. The All Blacks scored two tries in the final ten minutes of the game to win
26-21. The following week against the Wallabies at the MCG in Melbourne the
Wallabies upset the All Blacks to win 20-15; the All Blacks first loss to Australia since
2004. The All Blacks won both following home games to successfully defend the Tri-
Nations Series for 2007.

[edit] Jersey

The current All Blacks jersey.

The current All Black jersey is entirely black, with the Adidas logo and the NZRU silver
fern on the front. The 1884 New Zealand tour to Australia was the first overseas New
Zealand rugby tour, and featured clothing far different from today's jersey. Back then, the
team donned a dark blue jersey, with gold fern on the left of the jumper.[65] In 1893 the
NZRU stipulated at its annual general meeting that the uniform would be black jersey
with a silver fern and white knickerbockers.[66] However historic photographs suggest
white shorts may have been used instead during these early years. Sometime between
1897 and 1901 there was a change; by 1901 the team met NSW in a black jersey, a
canvas top with no collar, and a silver fern.[67]

The All Blacks jersey is today considered the most recognisable rugby jersey.[68] Recently
it has become traditional for the All Blacks to wear an embroidered poppy on their jersey
sleeve when playing France during the end of year tours.[69] The poppy honours the
soldiers who died in the battlefields of Europe. Captain Richie McCaw said "We want to
honour the overseas service of New Zealanders. It is an important part of our history as a
country and a team.".[70]

Adidas currently pays the NZRFU $200 Million over 9 years, expecting the All Blacks to
win around 75% of their matches.[71] Nike also looked at sponsoring the All Blacks in
1996, but went with Tiger Woods instead.[72]

[edit] Haka
Main article: Haka of the All Blacks

The All Blacks perform a haka (Māori dance) before each international match. The haka
has been closely associated with New Zealand ever since a tour of New South Wales in
1884. The New Zealand native team of Britain used Ake Ake Kia Kaha and the 1903 team
in Australia used a mocking haka, Tupoto koe, Kangaru!. The 1905 All Blacks began the
tradition of using Ka Mate and by 1914 this was firmly established as part of New
Zealand rugby. The 1924 All-Blacks used a specially composed haka Kia Whaka-
ngawari, but later All Blacks reverted back to Ka Mate.[73]

In August 2005, before the Tri-Nations Test match between New Zealand and South
Africa at Carisbrook stadium in Dunedin, New Zealand, the All Blacks performed a
different haka Kapa o Pango. Kapa o Pango was a haka specially composed by Derek
Lardelli and "...designed to reflect the multi-cultural make-up of contemporary New
Zealand — in particular the influence of Polynesian cultures.[74] Kapa o Pango was to be
performed on special occasions and was not intended to replace Ka Mate.[75] Kapa o
Pango concludes with a "throat slitting" action that was a source of controversy and led
to accusations that Kapa o Pango encourages violence, and sent the wrong message to
All Blacks fans.[76][77] However, according to Kapa o Pango composer Derek Lardelli, the
gesture represented "drawing vital energy into the heart and lungs."[78]

In November 2006, at the Millennium Stadium, Cardiff, the All Blacks performed the
haka in the dressing rooms prior to the match instead of immediately before kick-off. The
Welsh Rugby Union wanted Wales to sing their national anthem after the All Blacks had
performed the haka. The All Blacks disagreed with this request and hence performed the
haka in their dressing room instead.[79]

[edit] Record
[edit] Tri-Nations

The All Blacks' only annual tournament is the Tri-Nations played against Australia and
South Africa. The All Blacks' record of eight tournament wins (the most recent in 2007)
and 35 match wins is well ahead of the other teams' records. The Bledisloe Cup is also
contested between New Zealand and Australia as part of the Tri-Nations.
 Games Points
Bonus Table Championship
Nation
points points s
playe
won drawn lost for against difference
d

New
Zealan 48 33 0 15 1305 965 +340 23 155 7
d

Aust
49 20 1 28 1043 1114 -81 25 107 2
ralia

Sout
49 19 1 29 1000 1259 -259 17 95 2
h Africa

Updated 8 July 2007

[edit] World Cup

Main article: All Blacks at the Rugby World Cup

The All Blacks have won the World Cup once in the 1987 inaugural competition held in
New Zealand and Australia. In 1991, they lost their semi-final to Australia before
winning the playoff for third. In 1995, they improved by reaching the final, before losing
in extra time to hosts South Africa, however controversy surrounds the final with many
suspecting the All Blacks were poisoned[1]. Their worst World Cup was their fourth
place in 1999, after losing their semi-final and then the third-place playoff game. In 2003
the All Blacks were knocked out by hosts Australia in their semi-final, before finishing
third. Despite only one World Cup title they are the only team to have reached the
semifinals in every tournament.[80]

The All Blacks hold several World Cup records: most points in one match (145 versus
Japan in 1995), most cumulative points over all World Cups (1384),[81] most tries overall
(184),[82] and most conversions (137).[83] Several individual players also hold World Cup
records; Jonah Lomu for most World Cup tries (15 over two World Cups),[83] most
appearances held by Sean Fitzpatrick (17 from 1987 to 1995), Marc Ellis with most tries
in a match (6 versus Japan in 1995), and Grant Fox with most points in one tournament
(126 in 1987).
[edit] Overall

The All Blacks have a positive win record against every nation they have played. They
have won 314 of the 424 matches played, a win percentage of 74.06% (see table). By this
measure, the All Blacks are the most successful international rugby union team in history.
When World Rankings were introduced by the IRB in October 2003, the All Blacks were
ranked second. In November 2003 they briefly occupied first and then third before
moving back into second by December that year. Since June 2004 the All Blacks have
been ranked number one in the world.[84]

Their Test match record against all nations (listed in order of total matches), updated to
21 July 2007, is as follows:[85]

%
Against Played Won Lost Drawn
Won
Australia 128 85 38 5 66.40
South Africa 72 40 29 3 55.55
France 45 34 10 1 75.46
British & Irish Lions 34 26 6 2 76.47
England 29 22 6 1 75.86
Scotland 25 23 0 2 92.00
Wales 23 20 3 0 86.96
Ireland 20 19 0 1 95.00
Argentina 13 12 0 1 92.31
Italy 8 8 0 0 100.00
Samoa 4 4 0 0 100.00
Fiji 4 4 0 0 100.00
Canada 4 4 0 0 100.00
Tonga 3 3 0 0 100.00
Anglo-Welsh 3 2 0 1 66.67
World XV 3 2 1 0 66.67
USA 2 2 0 0 100.00
Great Britain 1 1 0 0 100.00
Japan 1 1 0 0 100.00
Pacific Islanders 1 1 0 0 100.00
Romania 1 1 0 0 100.00
Total 424 314 93 17 74.06

[edit] Players
[edit] Current squad
The squad for the 2007 Rugby World Cup:[86]

• There are only 29 players named, 15 forwards and 14 backs and the last player left to be named is
Canterbury's prop Greg Somerville whose place has been left open for him to return from a serious
Achilles injury.

Backs Forwards

Player Position Province Player Position Province

First Five-
Daniel Carter Canterbury Jerry Collins Flanker Wellington
Eighth
First Five-
Nick Evans Eighth, Otago
Fullback Carl
Prop Otago
Hayman
Andrew
Half-back Canterbury
Ellis+
Doug Andrew
Wing Auckland Hooker Taranaki
Howlett Hore
Byron
Half-back Waikato
Kelleher
Chris Jack Lock Tasman
Brendon
Half-back Waikato
Leonard
Leon Sione
Fullback Canterbury Flanker,Number 8 Waikato
MacDonald Lauaki+
Second
Luke Five-Eighth, North
McAlister First Five- Harbour Chris Masoe Flanker Wellington
Eighth
Aaron Second
Canterbury Richie
Mauger Five-Eighth
McCaw Flanker Canterbury
Centre, (Captain)
Mils
Fullback, Waikato
Muliaina
Wing
Conrad Keven
Centre Wellington Hooker Auckland
Smith Mealamu
Joe
Wing Auckland
Rokocoko
Sitiveni Wing Waikato
 Sivivatu
Anton
Isaia Toeava Centre Auckland Hooker Otago
Oliver

Keith
Lock Waikato
Robinson

Rodney
Number 8 Wellington
So'oialo

Reuben
Flanker Canterbury
Thorne

Neemia
Prop Wellington
Tialata

Ali
Lock Auckland
Williams

Tony North
Prop
Woodcock Harbour

+ Did not participate in the 2007 Tri-Nations

[edit] Notable players

Main article: List of All Blacks

Twelve former All Blacks have been inducted into the International Rugby Hall of Fame;
Fred Allen, Don Clarke, Sean Fitzpatrick, Grant Fox, Dave Gallaher, Michael Jones, Ian
Kirkpatrick, John Kirwan, Sir Brian Lochore, Colin Meads, George Nepia and Wilson
Whineray.[87]

Dave Gallaher played in the All Blacks' first ever Test match in 1903 and also captained
the 1905 Originals. Along with Billy Stead, Gallaher authored the famous rugby book
The Complete Rugby Footballer.[88] At the age of only 19, George Nepia played in all 30
matches on the Invincibles tour of 1924-25.[89] Nepia played 37 All Blacks games; his last
was against the British Isles in 1930.[89]
Fred Allen captained all of his 21 matches for the All Blacks, including six Tests,
between 1946 and 1949.[90] He eventually moved onto coaching the All Blacks between
1966 and 1968. The All Blacks won all 14 of their Test matches with Allen as coach.[90]

Five Hall of Fame inductees played during the 1960s. Don Clarke was an All Black
between 1956 and 1964 and during this period he broke the record at the time for All
Black Test points.[91] Clarke famously scored six penalties in one match — a record at the
time — to give the All Blacks an 18-17 victory over the British Isles.[92][91] Sir Wilson
Whineray played 32 Tests, captaining the All Blacks in 30 of them.[93] He played prop
and also number 8 between 1957 and 1965. The All Blacks lost only four of their 30
Tests with Whineray as captain.[93] In Colin Meads' New Zealand Rugby Museum profile,
he is described as "New Zealand's equivalent of Australia's Sir Donald Bradman or the
United States of America's Babe Ruth."[94] Meads, nicknamed Pinetree, played 133 games
for the All Blacks, including 55 Tests.[94] In 1999 the New Zealand Rugby Monthly
magazine named Meads the New Zealand player of the century.[94] Ian Kirkpatrick played
39 Tests, including 9 as captain, between 1967 and 1977.[95] He scored 16 tries in his Test
career, a record at the time.[95]

The 1987 World Cup champions were coached by Sir Brian Lochore who had
represented the All Blacks in 25 Tests between 1964 and 1971, including 17 as captain.[96]
Lochore was knighted in 1999 for his lifetime services to rugby. Four of the 1987 World
Cup squad that he had coached are also inductees in the Hall of Fame. John Kirwan
played a total of 63 Tests between 1984 and 1994, scoring 35 tries, an All Blacks record
at the time.[97] In the 1987 World Cup opener against Italy, Kirwan raced 90 meters to
score one of the tries of the tournament.[97][98] An All Black from 1984 to 1993, Grant Fox
was one of the All Blacks' greatest point-scorers with 1067 points, including 645 Test
points.[99] Fox played 46 Tests, including the 1987 World Cup final against France.
Known as The Iceman, Michael Jones was one of the greatest open side flankers of all
time.[100] Born in Auckland, New Zealand, Jones first played international rugby for
Samoa, then for the All Blacks, playing 55 Tests between 1987 and 1998.[100] Due to his
Christian faith Jones never played rugby on Sundays, resulting in him not playing in the
1991 World Cup semi-final against Australia, and also in him not being picked for the
1995 World Cup squad.[100][101]

The most capped Test All Black is Sean Fitzpatrick with 92 appearances.[102] Fitzpatrick
played in the 1987 World Cup after an injury to incumbent Andy Dalton and was
appointed All Blacks captain in 1992, continuing in the role until his retirement in 1997.
[102]
He played a total of 346 first class rugby matches, including 92 Tests.[103]

[edit] Individual records

The record for most All Black Test points is held by Andrew Mehrtens with 967 points
from 70 Tests.[104] The All Black's greatest Test try scorer is Christian Cullen with 46 tries
from 58 Tests.[105] The world record for tries in a calendar year is held by Joe Rokocoko,
with 17 tries in 2003; he also became the first All Black to score ten tries in his first five
Tests.[106] In Test matches, the most capped All Black is Sean Fitzpatrick with 92
appearances, a record 51 of which were as captain.[102] The youngest All Black in a Test
match was Jonah Lomu, capped at age 19 years, 45 days, whilst the oldest Test player
was Ned Hughes at 40 years, 123 days.[107][108][109]

[edit] Coaches
Due to the definition and role of All Blacks coach varying so much prior to the 1949 All
Blacks tour of South Africa, the following table only includes coaches appointed since.[43]

Name Years Tests Won Drew Lost Win percentage

Alex McDonald 1949 4 0 0 4 0

Tom Morrison 1950, 5, 55 - 56 12 8 1 3 66.7

Len Clode 1951 3 3 0 0 100

Arthur Marslin 1953 - 1954 5 3 0 2 60

Dick Everest 1957 2 2 0 0 100

Jack Sullivan 1958 - 1960 11 6 1 4 54.5

Neil McPhail 1961 - 1965 20 16 2 2 80

Ron Bush 1962 2 2 0 0 100

Fred Allen 1966 - 1968 14 14 0 0 100

Ivan Vodanovich 1969 - 1971 10 4 1 5 40

Bob Duff 1972 - 1973 8 6 1 1 75

John Stewart 1974 - 1976 11 6 1 4 54.5

Jack Gleeson 1977 - 1978 13 10 0 3 76.9

Eric Watson 1979 - 1980 9 5 0 4 55.5

Peter Burke 1981 - 1982 11 9 0 2 81.8

Bryce Rope 1983 - 1984 12 9 1 2 75

Sir Brian Lochore 1985 - 1987 18 14 1 3 77.7

Alex Wyllie 1988 - 1991 29 25 1 3 86.2

Laurie Mains 1992 - 1995 34 23 1 10 67.6

John Hart 1996 - 1999 41 31 1 9 75.6

Wayne Smith 2000 - 2001 17 12 0 5 70.5

John Mitchell[110] 2002 - 2003 28 23 1 4 82.1

Graham Henry[111] 2004 - present 42 37 0 5 88.1

[edit] Home grounds

⊗ Jade Stadium
⊗ Westpac Stadium
⊗ Waikato Stadium
Eden Park ⊗ North Harbour Stadium
⊗ Carisbrook

Unlike many other major rugby nations, New Zealand does not have an official stadium
for its national team. Instead, the All Blacks play their Test matches at a variety of venues
throughout New Zealand. In 2005 and 2006 the All Blacks played matches at: Eden Park,
Auckland; North Harbour Stadium, Albany; Westpac Stadium, Wellington; Jade Stadium
(formerly called Lancaster Park), Christchurch; Waikato Stadium, Hamilton; and
Carisbrook, Dunedin.

Prior to the construction of Westpac Stadium in 1999, Wellington's Test venue was
Athletic Park. Athletic Park was the venue for the first All Blacks Test match in New
Zealand against Great Britain in 1904.[112] The first home Test match played outside the
main centres of Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin or Wellington was in 1996 at McLean
Park in Napier.[113] The 1987 Rugby World Cup final was played at Eden Park.

Eden Park and Jade Stadium are being upgraded in preparation for the 2011 Rugby
World Cup. In 2006, the New Zealand Government proposed the construction of a
waterfront National Stadium in Auckland as an alternative to Eden Park's upgrade; this
proposal was rejected by the Auckland Regional Council.[114] The NZRU no longer
considers Carisbrook as a suitable Test venue; a covered sports stadium has been
proposed as a replacement.[115]

[edit] See also

• All Blacks vs Springboks
• All Blacks at the Rugby World Cup
[edit] Notes and references
1. ^ IRB World Rankings. irb.com. Retrieved on 2006-09-08.
2. ^ a b "McCaw named IRB Player of the Year", irb.com, 2006-11-26. Retrieved on 2007-
01-24.
3. ^ Davies, Sean. "All Black magic: New Zealand rugby", bbc.co.uk, 2006-09-27.
Retrieved on 2006-11-12.
4. ^ Gifford (2004), pg 27.
5. ^ Gifford (2004), pg 29.
6. ^ Gifford (2004), pg 32.
7. ^ Canterbury, Otago and Southland objected to the requirement that NZRFU executive
committee members needed to live in Wellington. They eventually all joined the NZRFU,
although the residency rule did not change until 1986.
8. ^ New South Wales in New Zealand. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-10-30.
9. ^ 1st All Black Test : 45th All Black Game. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-10-30.
10. ^ a b ALL BLACKS - The Name?. rugbymuseum.co.nz. Retrieved on 2006-09-08.
11. ^ In the British Isles, France and North America. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-10-
30.
12. ^ South Africa and New South Wales in New Zealand. allblacks.com. Retrieved on
2006-10-30.
13. ^ Palenski (2003), pg 74.
14. ^ In the British Isles and Canada. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2007-01-24.
15. ^ Gallagher, Brendan. "The day a Russian prince in an England shirt beat the All
Blacks", telegraph.co.uk, 2006-11-03. Retrieved on 2006-11-02.
16. ^ Palenski (2003), pg 192.
17. ^ THE 1956 SPRINGBOK TOUR. rugbymuseum.co.nz. Retrieved on 2006-11-03.
18. ^ 67th All Black Test : 362nd All Black Game. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-09-08.
19. ^ 68th All Black Test : 363rd All Black Game. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-09-08.
20. ^ South Africa in New Zealand. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-11-03.
21. ^ a b THE 1956 SPRINGBOK TOUR. rugbymuseum.co.nz. Retrieved on 2006-11-03.
22. ^ Kevin Skinner. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-11-03.
23. ^ Don Clarke(1933 - ). nzhalloffame.co.nz. Retrieved on 2006-11-03.
24. ^ a b c "Beach beckons as All Blacks celebrate history", nzherald.co.nz, 2005-11-27.
Retrieved on 2006-11-12.
25. ^ Newport 3 V 0 New Zealand. Retrieved on 2007-07-09.
26. ^ Palenski (2003), pg 269.
27. ^ Lowe, Robert. "Disgraced All Black 'heroic' in dignified silence", nzherald.co.nz,
2005-10-07. Retrieved on 2006-11-12.
28. ^ Mehaffey, John. "Mourie has mixed emotions over Haden dive", tiscali.co.uk, 2005-11-
24. Retrieved on 2006-11-12.
29. ^ Irish, Oliver. "The 10 greatest shocks in sport's history", guardian.co.uk, 2002-04-07.
Retrieved on 2006-11-12.
30. ^ Smythe, John. "Alone It Stands - at Court Theatre", http://nbr.co.nz/smythe/, 2005-04-
01. Retrieved on 2006-11-12.
31. ^ On This Day 17 July 1976. bbc.co.uk. Retrieved on 2007-01-17.
32. ^ a b Watters, Steve. From Montreal to Gleneagles. nzhistory.net.nz. Retrieved on 2007-
01-17.
33. ^ a b Sharpe, Marty. "Dark days of thunder - when a free nation confronted apartheid in
sport", wairarapa.co.nz, 2001-08-25. Retrieved on 2006-11-13.
34. ^ Watters, Steve. A country divided. nzhistory.net.nz. Retrieved on 2006-11-13.
35. ^ a b Watters, Steve. 'A war played out twice a week'. nzhistory.net.nz. Retrieved on 2006-
11-13.
36. ^ a b Hill, Ruth. "Protests a turning point in the history of New Zealand", nzherald.co.nz,
2006-07-08. Retrieved on 2006-11-15.
37. ^ Luxford, Bob. Bernie Fraser. rugbymuseum.co.nz. Retrieved on 2006-11-15.
38. ^ Millen, Julia (2006-04-07). Blazey, Cecil Albert 1909 - 1998. Dictionary of New
Zealand Biography. Retrieved on 2006-11-15.
39. ^ Rugby Chronology. rfu.com. Retrieved on 2006-11-15.
40. ^ World Cup in New Zealand and Australia. rugbymuseum.co.nz. Retrieved on 2006-11-
15.
41. ^ Palenski (2003), pg 227.
42. ^ Palenski (2003), pg 228.
43. ^ a b Palenski (2003), pg 290.
44. ^ "All set for World Cup semis", worldcupweb.com, 2003-11-14. Retrieved on 2006-11-
15.
45. ^ Knight, Lindsay. Jonah Tali Lomu. rugbymuseum.co.nz. Retrieved on 2006-11-15.
46. ^ "Springboks poisoned at 1995 Cup: Luyt", NZPA, 2003-10-30. Retrieved on 2006-11-
15.
47. ^ "1995: Party time for SA", bbc.co.uk, 2003-09-24. Retrieved on 2006-11-15.
48. ^ a b Howitt (2005), pg 7.
49. ^ Howitt (2005), pg 170.
50. ^ a b Palenski (2003), pg 206.
51. ^ Howitt (2005), pg 185.
52. ^ Howitt (2005), pg 199.
53. ^ a b c Palenski (2003), pg 233.
54. ^ "Charvis bowed but proud", bbc.co.uk, 2003-11-02. Retrieved on 2007-01-17.
55. ^ 382nd All Black Test : 1102nd All Black Game. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-11-
16.
56. ^ 383nd All Black Test : 1103rd All Black Game. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-11-
16.
57. ^ Bonus points could be earned via two means; scoring four tries or more in one match,
and by losing by seven points or less.
58. ^ Howitt (2005), pg 289.
59. ^ 392nd All Black Test : 1112th All Black Game. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-11-
16.
60. ^ IRB Awards past winners. irb.com. Retrieved on 2006-11-15.
61. ^ a b NZPA. "All Blacks in running for Laureus nomination", The New Zealand Herald,
2006-12-12. Retrieved on 2007-01-08.
62. ^ Phillips, Mitch. "Awesome All Blacks widen the gulf", guardian.co.uk, 2006-11-26.
Retrieved on 2006-11-28.
63. ^ All Blacks nomination page on Laureus Awards site. Laureus World Sports Awards.
Retrieved on 2007-04-16.
64. ^ "Slick All Blacks belt Canada", Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 16 June 2007.
Retrieved on 2007-06-26.
65. ^ Gifford (2004), pg 28.
66. ^ Palenski (2003), pg 17.
67. ^ The “All Black” Uniform. Te Ara - The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved on
2006-10-31.
68. ^ All Blacks Rugby Jersey. champions.co.nz. Retrieved on 2006-09-08.
69. ^ "All Blacks jerseys to have Poppies embroidered on them for French tests", Radio New
Zealand, 2006-10-25. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
70. ^ "All Blacks to honour fallen soldiers", IOL, 2006-10-24. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
71. ^ God defend the All Black brand. Unlimited. Retrieved on 2007-05-02.
72. ^ Member of the Club. Time magazin. Retrieved on 2007-05-02.
73. ^ All Blacks' Haka. teara.govt.nz. Retrieved on 2007-07-09.
74. ^ Stokes, Jon. "New haka the cutting edge of sport", nzherald.co.nz, 2005-08-29.
Retrieved on 2006-10-30.
75. ^ Hinton, Marc. "ABs Reveal New Haka", xtramsn.co.nz, 2005-08-27. Retrieved on
2006-11-16.
76. ^ Cleary, Mick. "Cut-throat haka does All Blacks no favours", telegraph.co.uk, 2005-09-
05. Retrieved on 2006-10-31.
77. ^ "All Blacks coach slams haka criticism", theage.com.au, 2006-07-28. Retrieved on
2007-01-17.
78. ^ "Kapa O Pango gets green light", planet-rugby.com, 2006-07-08. Retrieved on 2006-
10-30.
79. ^ "So just who is to blame for no Millennium haka?", icwales.co.uk, 2006-11-27.
Retrieved on 2006-12-18.
80. ^ Gilhooly, Daniel. "Zinzan Brooke defends All Blacks - 'we can win the Cup'", NZPA,
2006-11-17. Retrieved on 2006-11-28.
81. ^ Team Statistics (Displaying top 20 with ties). rugbyworldcup.com. Retrieved on 2006-
12-18.
82. ^ Team Statistics (Displaying top 20 with ties). rugbyworldcup.com. Retrieved on 2006-
12-18.
83. ^ a b Team Statistics (Displaying top 20 with ties). rugbyworldcup.com. Retrieved on
2006-12-18.
84. ^ Ranking archives can be found at the IRB website; http://www.irb.com/
85. ^ All Blacks Test Match Record since first test match.. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2007-
07-05.
86. ^ "Weepu, Flavell miss World Cup squad", Stuff.co.nz, 2007-07-22. Retrieved on 2007-
07-22.
87. ^ Gallagher, Brendan. "Joining the legends an added bonus for Wood", telegraph.co.uk,
2005-11-17. Retrieved on 2006-12-15.
88. ^ Dave Gallaher. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-15.
89. ^ a b Knight, Lindsay. George Nepia. rugbymuseum.co.nz. Retrieved on 2006-12-17.
90. ^ a b Luxford, Bob. Fred Allen. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-15.
91. ^ a b Don Clarke. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-15.
92. ^ Don Clarke. rugbyhalloffame.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-15.
93. ^ a b Knight, Lindsay. Wilson James Whineray. rugbymuseum.co.nz. Retrieved on 2006-
12-17.
94. ^ a b c Knight, Lindsay. Colin Earl Meads. rugbymuseum.co.nz. Retrieved on 2006-12-16.
95. ^ a b Knight, Lindsay. Ian Kirkpatrick. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-15.
96. ^ Luxford, Bob. Brian Lochore. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-16.
97. ^ a b Knight, Lindsay. John Kirwan. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-15.
 98. ^ John Kirwan. rugbyhalloffame.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-15.
99. ^ Knight, Lindsay. Grant Fox. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-15.
100. ^ a b c Knight, Lindsay. Michael Jones. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-15.
101. ^ Michael Jones. rugbyhalloffame.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-15.
102. ^ a b c Knight, Lindsay. Sean Fitzpatrick. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-15.
103. ^ Sean Fitzpatrick. rugbyhalloffame.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-15.
104. ^ Knight, Lindsay. Andrew Mehrtens. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-28.
105. ^ Knight, Lindsay. Christian Cullen. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-28.
106. ^ Joe Rokocoko. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-30.
107. ^ Knight, Knight. Jonah Lomu. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-31.
108. ^ Palenski (2003), pg 286
109. ^ The next oldest Test player was Frank Bunce, aged 35 years, 305 days; over
four years younger then Hughes.
110. ^ "All Blacks ease up? You must be joking", rugbyheaven.smh.com.au, 2006-11-
05. Retrieved on 2007-01-06.
111. ^ Coaching Record - Graham Henry. lassen.co.nz. Retrieved on 2007-07-16.
112. ^ 2nd All Black Test : 47th All Black Game. allblacks.com. Retrieved on 2006-
12-27.
113. ^ 296th All Black Test : 1004th All Black Game. allblacks.com. Retrieved on
2006-12-27.
114. ^ "It's Eden Park says disappointed Mallard", herald.co.nz, 2006-11-27.
Retrieved on 2006-12-27.
115. ^ "Proposed stadium a NZ first", tvnz.co.nz, 2006-08-10. Retrieved on 2006-12-
27.

[edit] Bibliography
• Gifford, Phil (2004). The Passion - The Stories Behind 125 years of Canterbury
Rugby. Wilson Scott Publishing. ISBN 0-9582535-1-X.
• Howitt, Bob (2005). SANZAR Saga - Ten Years of Super 12 and Tri-Nations
Rugby. Harper Collins Publishers. ISBN 1-86950-566-2.
• Palenski, Ron (2003). Century in Black - 100 Years of All Black Test Rugby.
Hodder Moa Beckett Publishers Limited. ISBN 1-86958-937-8.

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