Q1)

For a 1D bar element assuming a suitable displacement functions and a coordinate

system derive shape functions catersian and plot the variation.

Q2)

Figure below depicts a tapered elastic bar subjected to an applied tensile load P at one
end and attached to a fixed support at the other end. The cross-sectional area varies
linearly from A0 at the fixed support at x = 0 to A0/2 at x = L. Calculate the displacement
of the end of the bar

(a) by modeling the bar as a single element having cross-sectional area equal to the
area of the actual bar at its midpoint along the length,

(b) using two bar elements of equal length and similarly evaluating the area at the
midpoint of each, and

(c) using integration to obtain the exact solution.

Q3)
Consider a 0.8-m-high and 1.5-m-wide double-pane window consisting of two 4-mm-thick
layers of glass (k = 0.78 W/m C) separated by a 10-mm-wide stagnant air space (k
0.026 W/m C). Determine the steady rate of heat transfer through this double-pane
window and the temperature of its inner surface for a day during which the room is
maintained at 20C while the temperature of the outdoors is 10C.

Take the convection heat transfer coefficients on the inner and outer surfaces of the
window to be h1 10 W/m2 C and h2 40 W/m2 C, which includes the effects of
radiation.

Q4)

Derive the global stiffness matrix of the following spring system.

 FORMULA SHEET

FINITE ELEMENT AND DIFFERENCE SOLUTIONS

Finite Difference Equations for Beam Deflection:

dy

1
yi 1 yi 1
dx i 2h
d2y
2 2 yi 1 2 yi yi 1
1
dx i h
d3y
3 3 yi 2 2 yi 1 2 yi 1 yi 2
1
dx i 2h
d4y
4 4 yi 2 4 yi 1 6 yi 4 yi 1 yi 2
1
dx i h

Stiffness matrix for heat conduction.

= [ ]

Stiffness matrix due to convection.

0 0
= [ ]
0 1

Force vector due to free end convection

Fh = hA T { 0 }
1
Stiffness matrix for bar element.

= [ ]

Stress in bar element.

Support reactions.

{R} = {K} {U} - {F}

Stiffness matrix in 2D space.

Elemental stress.