Introduction to .

NET:

 .NET is not a language it is a framework,

 A framework is a collection of some languages(c#.net, vb.net) and technologies(
ado.net, asp.net).
 Microsoft Company developed .NET and the first version “.NET 1.0” released in the
year 2000.
 Problems for Microsoft Before .Net introduced.
o There is no platform independency from Microsoft.
o COM (Component Object Model) drawbacks like “dll hell” which does not provide
side-by-side execution of different versions of same dll.
o DCOM(Distributed COM) drawbacks like no cross platform communication.
o ASP(Active Server Pages) drawbacks like it supports interpreter based languages
and slow execution.
o There is no Mobile Application development from Microsoft.
 .NET framework supports many languages like (VB.Net ,C#.Net, VC++.Net, J#.Net ,
Etc…..)
 .NET supports cross language integration i.e. code written in one language can be used
in any other language.
 Some open source .NET distributions like Monoproject and Portable.NET provides
execution of .NET code in non-Microsoft operating systems.
 Assembly is a self-describing file with file extensions like “.dll” or “.exe”. An assembly
contains MSIL (Microsoft Intermediate language) code.
 .NET provides common runtime engine which can be used by all .NET languages to
execute the source code.
 ASP.Net is used to develop web-based applications .it overcomes the drawbacks of
ASP.
 Microsoft introduces mobile-based application development in .NET.
.NET versions:
There are various versions of .NET framework available. Initially in 1998, there was
the first announcement of .net framework.

1998 --------------- First Announcement

2000 --------------- .NET 1.0 beta version
2002 --------------- .NET 1.0 (RTM)
2003 --------------- .NET 1.1
2005 --------------- .NET 2.0
2006 --------------- .NET 3.0
2008 --------------- .NET 3.5
2010 --------------- .NET 4.0

N.N.V.Raj Gopal , lecturer in Dept of ComputerScience,T.J.P.S College(PG Courses),GUNTUR. 1

 BuildingBlocks of .NET:

 There are four major building blocks of the .NET.

o CLR(Common Language Runtime)
o CTS(Common Type System)
o CLS(Common Language Specification)
o MSIL(Microsoft Intermediate Language)
 CTS
o CTS define a list of commonly used data types in .NET languages.

 CLS
o CLS define set of language features mostly used by all .NET languages.
o Any code written with CLS & CTS complaint-features, that code can be used for
cross-language integration.
 MSIL
o MSIL code is an Intermediate language code for all the .Net languages.
o An Assembly contains MSIL code, which is produced when the source code is
compiled by the language compiler.
o MSIL code provides language integration between the .Net languages.
 CLR
o CLR locates the required resources, load any base classes, and executes the
assembly.
o It converts the MSIL code into Native code and generates the output.
o CLR contains class-loader tool, which loads all the required classes.
o CLR contains JIT (Just-In-Time) compiler, which performs fast compilation and
converts MSIL code to native code (platform-specific instructions).
o mscoree.dll (Microsoft Common Object Runtime Execution Engine) engine is
called as CLR engine.

N.N.V.Raj Gopal , lecturer in Dept of ComputerScience,T.J.P.S College(PG Courses),GUNTUR. 2

 .Net Features :

 Common Execution Engine (CLR)

o It performs automatic memory management.
o JIT compiler performs fast compilation, and displays the result.
o It performs enhanced exception handling for managed code.
 Base Class library (or) .Net API
o .Net contains vast no of classes, interfaces, events, delegates in form of Base
class Libraries.
o Namespaces are used to properly organize the base classes in .Net
 Assemblies
o An assembly is a collection of .net types and resources required for a specific
functionality.
o It overcomes the problems with COM components.
o It provides side-by-side execution of multiple assemblies.
 Language Integration
o If a code written in a .Net language can be used in any other .Net language ,
then it is called as Language integration.
o A c#.net code can be used in vb.net application.
o A code should follow CLS and CTS rules & specifications to support language
integration.
 Rapid Application Development.
o Visual studio.net IDE contains various tools to provide rapid application
development in .NET.
 Easy Deployment and Execution
o .Net provides various ways for application execution and deployment process.
o .Net provides Xcopy deployment for the assemblies.
 Security
o .NET provides a common security model for all applications, which eliminates
problems like buffer overflows and so on.

N.N.V.Raj Gopal , lecturer in Dept of ComputerScience,T.J.P.S College(PG Courses),GUNTUR. 3

  Portability
o .Net applications are portable to move and use in other operating systems.
o CLI (Common Language Infrastructure) provides some .net distributions which
can work on other platforms.
o But Microsoft has never implemented the full framework on any system except
Microsoft Windowss

Visual studio 2005 IDE

 It is the integrated application development environment provided by .Net to develop

various applications in various languages.
 This IDE contains various tools and windows that are needed to create, view, run, and
deploy applications.
 Tool available in Visual studio 2005 IDE.
 Solution Explorer
 This utility window allows us to view set of all content file and referenced
assemblies in the current project.
 It contains references folder to add references to the assemblies.

 Tool box window

 It displays various GUI application designer controls list based on their
category.

 Properties window
 This window displays all the properties of a form or a control in the
designer window.

N.N.V.Raj Gopal , lecturer in Dept of ComputerScience,T.J.P.S College(PG Courses),GUNTUR. 4

  Design window
 Design window contains interface for a form by adding and organizing
controls on the form.

 Code window
 Code window used to write code to perform some task.
 It container various event-handler code for various events in the .Net.

 IntelliSence- while writing code

 This features automatically tracks the most often used members and
make our code corrections automatically.
 It allows to quickly access the members of the particular type.

 Visual class designer

 The Class Designer utility allows you to view and modify the relationships
of the types (classes, interfaces, structures, enumerations, and delegates)
in your project.
N.N.V.Raj Gopal , lecturer in Dept of ComputerScience,T.J.P.S College(PG Courses),GUNTUR. 5
  Using this tool, you are able to visually add (or remove) members to (or
from) a type and have your modifications reflected in the corresponding
C# code file.

 Class view
 This utility is used to view all the classes in an object oriented approach.
 It is divided into two half’s, first one shows the classes and second
displays the members of the classes.

 Object browser
 It shows different object used in the project with their state information.
 Code refactoring
 It is the process of extracting the code block into a method or property
and so on
 Extract Method option is used to extract code into a method.
 Encapsulate Field option is used to extract field information into a
property.
 Extract interface option is used to extract methods into an interface.

N.N.V.Raj Gopal , lecturer in Dept of ComputerScience,T.J.P.S College(PG Courses),GUNTUR. 6