9.

Name the body sites where each connective tissue types can be found and
predict their functions.

Connective tissue type Functions Locations

Areolar (loose) connective Nourishes and cushions epithelia,
tissue provides arena for immune
defense against infection, binds
organs together, allows passage
for nerves and blood vessels
through other tissues
Under all epithelia; outer
coverings of blood vessels,
nerves, esophagus, and other
organs; fascia between muscles;
pleural and pericardial sacs

Dense irregular connective Toughness; protects organs from Dermis of skin; capsules around
tissue injury; provides protective liver, spleen, and other organs;
capsules around many organs fibrous sheath around bones

Dense regular connective tissue Binds bones together and Tendons and ligaments
attaches muscle to bone;
transfers force from muscle to
bone
Reticular connective tissue Supports blood-forming cells, Bone marrow, liver, pancreas,
many secretory cells, and adrenal glands, all lymphoid
lymphocytes in most lymphoid organs except the thymus
organs

Adipose tissue (fat)
Elastic Tissue
Stores energy, conserves body Beneath skin; around kidneys,
heat, cushions and protects many heart, and eyes; breast;
organs, fills space, shapes body abdominal membranes
(mesenteries)
Eases joint movements; resists External ear, larynx, rings around
compression at joints; holds trachea, joint surfaces and
airway open; shapes outer ear; growth zones of bones, between
moves vocal cords; forerunner of ribs and sternum, intervertebral
fetal skeleton; growth zone of discs
children's bones

10. Predict the functional consequences of a given structural defect in a connective

tissue.
An example of a structural defect to a connective tissue is obesity and there
are two types of obesityhypertrophic obesity, which occurs when adipose
cells increase in size from storing fat (adult onset), and hyperplastic obesity,
which is characterized by an increase in the number of adipose cells resulting
from overfeeding a new-born for a few weeks after birth. This type of obesity
is usually lifelong.

11. Relate the functions of adipose tissue to its structural characteristics.

Adipose Tissue is a loose fibrous connective tissue packed with many cells (called
"adipocytes") that are specialized for storage of triglycerides more commonly referred to as
"fats". Each adipocyte cell is filled with a single large droplet of triglyceride (fat). The adipose
tissue is composed of adipose cells so closely packed together that the normal spherical
morphology of these cells becomes distorted. Groups of fat cells are subdivided into lobules by
thin sheaths of loose connective tissue septa housing mast cells, endothelial cells of blood.
Adipocytes are very active cells metabolically, responding to both nervous and hormonal stimuli.
These cells release hormones and various other important substances, and adipose tissue is
now recognized as an important endocrine tissue. With its unique physical properties, adipose
tissue conducts heat poorly and helps thermally insulate the body. Adipose tissue also fills up
spaces between other tissues and helps cushion and keep some organs in place.
Subcutaneous layers of adipose tissue help shape the body surface, where pad-like deposits
act as shock absorbers, chiefly in the soles and palms.