MHD AND FUSION MAGNETS Field and Force Design Concepts RICHARD J. THOME JOHN M4, TARRH Francs Biter Nana! Magnet Lapeatoy Hassachveons Instat of Tcnciogy‘board Ped acy nC To ObjectivismFOREWORD == ‘neste pat decade, mage designs have bam ince depend tents compet pow to clei slacvomagnele fede and ‘eatin porems ave alowed evap maps fo be aaled aly ita steve ingrane ave «i vel fcc erent of anaes nt gs ev rats compl arabe {eso i wee asin siptlernand hand aesatoes.Tis bok SSDS Welth of rte, macs of presented rapt. 0 asia ts ‘proves bv allowing pd coalaton ad apponmaon of harass Sma with md sthut fon, Wak the ators stat fon ft pi iy hs ash thal ap! is ‘The ana of tomatic Sts and fore the coeersiane of mate desu Sue sty themal ass ae wo ee 305 of ‘Tate mponance Thaw ath have wide splation oui f magnet ie However dope he sevens of ere ore Mp-ld mages {Shans efit bok devo cates to the nals oF fs and ‘Een Magne! Des (Mote, Wiey, GR teas el all Satse of agree, namely lens Speconding Mare!” Saems {Brecna, Spring, 73) very onl instr eaten ard comteguetiy {tvs rave Te ori fl and ere sas, ch of whch ‘Shem on gomernoy sible or ph cnet pyc team-anding Tiago teuationl conferees su as COMPUMAG conceiate lest computer techlges sod prcecigs of sch oneness we fu tte forte sae, The ok theretre fs a vey tal OY fesnig hacgsovnd mati forthe new dave tion Yo pom “Zener, hve sents ube of vite deding tsa wie Pe rape pee ad ts bok rest the ese, Fane wor that 2740ha on om ht epatienceIwlbe iaae ose pene eneraon of designer ant thas number tow Sogn we wi phe Fld ‘Sipe nthe re seme ar vl be foped i the mo oar D.Bavce Mosrconray PREFACE The owintonane or inprovomet of our sandr of ving depends om car 2k) fe develop a npemeat ne Luge scl otsy cameo ena {Gen Amone the, mugptchyroyamic (MID) aed apne fee ey appear pricy sractive. However, the com fei fee {etiologies eu the deg sd eowstacon of yptecoductig mages ‘nwo many es lager and mare cy than yt onto lige Tus wl requve an merlcpuary efor mong egg eas today may hive lintel expense ie magnet deg fondest esi lafematon on aeted maga nip top aaa Dt Senter Mich vlse uteri te conned in werk fst have nh eee Tove fr the sinew develop tila hee ins sex Tar book bridge the gap by Pring = famenrt, fos bas Udersnding of te evorngeete ae and devgn of MHD. ad To sie «base eadestunding one mt be falar ith the geo nde conseion ad the rs ude alas, hve ty fo Sppy easing snl snd doin techno, and Be le to deve sew tale teciiate when tev, One at haves Brn gasp The fanart, uficen Eowee to pce tke roles, the Pity 0 ‘uy cher he lr of mmarated a deanna Row “night tat spl "el ors sabe tht (Bato td dea fo ose, and that bess ith a asc uneaning fthe me Te ont fo provi suc x rameweh, Wha snide ames coving the ur letvomaeace des ary, thing any mosey kegs covering many geome. sl i te far of agains. gph ee, ‘amps and dit ate sade. Many of hve ccuiguer scale te ‘ale for tide say, oe ening ent fr sae deta ale‘or for pnersting appoint value conch on es om omplen ‘sume eles Sua es cecheg su seer nd tl pat te Iie! deen proses teense ofthe ley of Pong 4 mae St putracserned ams wthont sme indepen reenton ott ce Fics We he enphaszel the ue of simpli! ods ought ths book Tecnu hey ate een 1 undestnung te adam etm eu anus and deen ‘Ae th chaps hs book ar ute Sdepender and ct hectare te sppeoathed separately any coder Caper lod te alae of the design uk by cooparng the Sea eusny spennducng maul ‘steno Une under eomariton and fot sane waco "Chapter? devope sony titel othe den of MID magnets. eins with ante ovaing elo of sor places a ning esery ce cena fd gentaton ant ld homopcety the ork felume. The i of magaeu mars ac onto dlp th cet eld Isanaleed nthe se fot ld the gee of te mann The Toxo ad oruesexpeenced by cutencayag elements and age ‘bs te uge dae aso couse. Te effets of dig em falcons on eta el press peat ely pened by wigs at presned The chapter ann echoes for eatin th nda NED rao ‘Chapter 5 pests a aera concep elt he dig of Takaak fuses mags Those are nirodac! by bennng wih spl, Wesued ‘ora el al geometric, ten progres o mere er rol fd Ses cath, the conering he design of pla elle, and fly ‘anining the ineration tht ea hong ad Beoec lf ahe Ptadl fed cols Tops nla ticular and gona tn, sea fenioand maesesseoedons or t,o el ip pled S21 i ops ter rl eal a Cpr ¢ presen: deed desctipion of modetig tng fo cl ladng magnate fells an fot fm tedimesona dau of cent and agate ate A compare f ntl fen Tengu gen, flowed by + dics of nel ods nating te ‘Sour of tamer dling onigues ‘Chapter 8s foes on tanec romapretc pencana in MHD a ‘son magi gts TAs chapter bai wth he dowopment of an ‘pproximtioy for he aml of ana ily, fers ant She loves tic ioe in be low mae Reyes subcr opne The apron {an osated wah» tac example and hen apf fot confration, Itching conde sels ira and exert Bath tort fi coh tnd MHD con Inco fe, caret orcs aa ch ls te ‘enined, Chapa Seon wth the deveopment fend aprons ‘fn oe aan test psoas whi lal hth eh mace Reynnts auober copie. Ths sprotination is wie to alee plasms ‘Sozpuon tec on tool sheiand alone to sandals cl anders MLD ess: Chapter 3 cont wit a anja ‘Rows how the mage Reyrld mb a be etd ened cat puma concep of ndsctnce ah sua loses i a saab remap tafe beeen tan supe crete per cote the cole of seals eomputatine tht ave een efomel sa apes grains wing exiting computer roesms. The ‘Boris nce MID ago with and without on fl and pol fdr Yokamak fon eaten, a ey caren tans Tokar vtevem vee 7 “Te bi hed wih wo appenice, Append contin eapresions| fore magi Fes rom oho 8 mdeing seme cone spt ‘Sues caren ad cio agitation. Agpens 2 cas & fovow af thn opens ecromagnee ei thay tht fr he hee ‘Stor hos ‘Weluve wad th readers hae atti degre put ome airy wih setomagiie fed thoy, Stunts ae uso thrsghou Vaso ae Fakes by olfiace the nthe tet and by ovat in the res. “he tal in hs Dok hs bee ceutltd dai 13 yao escarch devon tan, dgn emaacto, so eng convene Speeconducing Mepis for many tesa appbeatins. THe we of hs fetes efor ot sty ime fo MD ad Toba sion mage ‘Sous he conepis aed enue ae appleale wo oer ape proces utah es at ree sam nal Ts ho an epotho erton of the couse nots fora terme pci se Pep a LT [Sp upccondocng mapa! Sexe for MD sd son. Ths coun ght {Spar of = superconducting magnet tehnolay program MILT": Franc Biter Nason! Mapnt Laban fo which MAT is vgs eae othe MHD Divison of the Deparment of Foegy. Te pmsl fos te Program to cee aod doce Wot he tse! ab he indi ‘ase required fo dein, cost, etal and rehahy operate very brge ‘Soperconding pes fer eine! MHD power geen this bo ee thr opin sight ino the comple rains sumeng ages sso component tery ening othe ton Sg ‘Sostucton, and tang of bane load upersondcting apie so the ‘Siemon ef MHD and apne anon ney, ot ep tno xe geal appa suprcntig maps, we wil hve sete out ga Se ontACKNOWLEDGMENTS 1 addon ou gol an enpostewor, be concept sd eats ‘hs tnt ha bun deren ut fom pobletons ine epee caus, from report produced b) US povttoetipnsors aac td fom ‘ess conan from atc usin wah or coleapues We Neve (reed te wien werk, bet woulda Lk to ackaovae the numero (doe ensure tha have silt pd specu hing ove be ea. in adatom, cet mart be gen to the people wh have ly Fer sicpaed in the prpaadon of the book. We mould lke to spmahaly ‘Stonegate sai coniutcs of Raber D. stu and Willa iano bce oe nk ght Spm fd ume est, ag parclatin in eal dacuslns ding cout {es ours verte pst seve years The conten of Tas MH, {Gury Maro, snd zy 1 Ri in chcang say of he dees ad UR Chratnna, SA: Drain end ES, Bobrov pceing» pore of ‘bora compute etput inde a Cap 6 tai Be motel, “Typ the mane and prparing tn igure mere Poth enor ack pei thnks to Botara A Reser, HnneF- Aufl, and Raven J Janes ‘oping te mumuspt and w Altera Mt. Dawson, Sana Laws, td ‘Phyl Handel foe prepa he ites ‘We wuld ao Te to ekaowige the hough eecouserent of Dee Montpney aad Peer Mast at MLT an the age dv of Beat Shu ou itr Sha Way nd Sone ing nally we wold ike osinaelyackaowlge our me Pat That and Manta Tank, and te Thome chlden, Jean. Kee, ad ‘ates and conan don the pain ts hkCONTENTS. 1 ryteopucTIoN 1 1 Cee Magnet Beis of Lag Cos, 19 221 Four Curent Bement 20 222, Winding of Gener! Sas, 20, 224 Panel Cisien 5 225 Trane Asmls 26 226 Cia Soion, 29 227 Rectang Compa of Long Cos 29 ft Anis Fis in Loe Cll 3 Parl auractins, 57 261 el Dipole Med, 57 262 Fores on Mage Mate 6 Magnetic Fld Shing, 68 1 Leal Shiki 4272 Cylnieat Cal Spt, 72273 Recangie Cal Systems, 4 274 Fons Cosdrtios 86 26 Magnetic Ft Shaping 96 281 Peak Fein the Winns, 96 242 End Term Becton Fl Pose, 1 2A Anal Hale Profle, 2 229 induce Patines, 103 {FUSION MAGNET DESIGN CONCEPTS 108 1 ChelarHed To 108 AM Thin Winding, 8 12 Thh Winding 12 32 Nase de Tr 117 322 Nowed C un D Segment, 22 33. Tort of Duarte Cay 5S 32 Teal Feld Rie 158 MA Poblt Field Col Dein 108 3A! General Coserations, 168 S42 Caren Flames ith Fd Lesions, 15 243. Casrent Set with No Ne Care PE S44 Comen Stat with Net Carat, 1 actos, 195 MODELING TECHNIQUES FOR STATIC FIELD 1 Compas of Metin, 25, 42 ter Metis 25 AZT Sopeostin of Caen lomc208 SELECTED EDDY CURRENT TOPICS m ‘31 Low Magne Reps Naber Apron, 24 152. Low Magnetic Reyols Number ape, 235. S21 Shela External to Tool Fed Coll 235 5.22 Sheth tera o Tool es Cas, 245, $23 Sheth Extras to MID Cou, 250 524 Shell lotsa o MHD Cal 252 53 High Magntc Reeds Nene Aproization, 255 SA. High Magne Reyes Number Example, 256 S41 Baema Dison hn To, 256 SA2 Shell Extra to MHD Cots 255 SA Shel Intra to MHD Cal 266 SS Larped Chest Prams aloe, 268 {6 COMPUTED RESULTS AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 61 MED stage wot ro, 27 62 MUD Stats ith eo, 207 (63. Tohamak Col Stems 298 AL Spee Caen Disrbun. 96 12 Specto Magiain 317 HEemoMtscxtric sin.p THEORY 21 Gover Frm of th Enns 321 122, Redatano Mgnt, 324 223 dy Conn, 236 $14 Convent Relation 228 AS Pte Fons 80 ‘26 nde and he Vcr Foe 39 127 Beso os 34 Nox.MHD AND FUSION MAGNETS Field and Force Design ConceptsINTRODUCTION Magactohyeodyemice (MHD) so ght sion emery ae to methods fer tue prac fetal pow oth ecient Imngets dr ovr leat women A tumber of eect fabs esr ene inventions (ester cole) magnet: However, lo commer [ion te sconra aiy of thee cols equi the eof pe nding nape, Te ure gat wl eon of agit ae {nvm andre eer) then a gat bt to date. They wil nc ‘etl be sutures beste of the noms of decwomapeti ong ‘Sati be dceloped wader bh noma operon ad fal sosioas The ‘pent tcf he at of sopecandostng magnet oe eos Erma MID a futon summed nr chap Tote ie SEES Compa ton atm sue Swi ef ‘roca damonsrston ie net sup Oward commerical MHD and ason devi. More thorough Gestion canbe fund in he fren, ‘Noty ew owing fe mar compancns faa MHD mes piven {a Figure Tie tem ir underconerocin 8y Gene Elsie for the Congonent Depend Ivegraton Pasty (CDIE) nH Moots fos dig the conductors wound Sn usbsuctare wich acumlaes the oe ods of domagnec orga and tas the ote src of the minding bundle whe they a elias Yy the spear. The ‘sedi deine fer operation whe ern inated Hii eam 43 K The winding man thor be cme int mem gud Tetum vse. Ths cid eas supended wun «vation sel wach lmrcpt ez acon ofthe mtn heal aon, Tay ld oes theta al anafered fo te ig sum ud nt be eget oo tke enoam md sénarton yt rhe mart The abner ot the vauinSpae he mae eonducuoe hea ant 10 te had erct? Tee then pert pei Ras ah Sasit sa clement. This psa mus be essing by he ret mpm the “he magn tn in Table 1.1 ate ouped at thee Base ype. The fis four syste are babble char magn fr gh ener poy, The ‘Ae Wendy kcaon felon Brthven Nail Labora NL). “Agoone Natenal Laboratory (ANU), em: Nana Ast Labany (ORAL), and Cone Earopeca pout Rear Nese (CERN) These Toor tens recoaplete wih he CERN denis big tears pease ‘supetconicing get system a indeed in Table Un smpaion 1 ‘he MHD and fon confaatinn he tail bu chambs mages {se imple and sriforward. The oul symmty awry senha nfguation leads fo maga and mechanical deagn robens ohch te ‘mach er eee than thou f ND aed son ages “The wxond cas of magnet sens in Tale Leon of MHD eng tysens of wich two ae compl ad operations wo are nde conse in, an eae inthe concep design tage. The i td (C253) wa bi st ANL and inal in be bypass Sp of he 28 MID to fact) a the High Tempertr esti, Mancow. The cond MED sys ted a the Japanese Pesto Tehnal Larson (ETT) OF te te MED ages ‘vader consrcion he Sat tobe ted atthe Cou oe Flow Fan (CFP) athe Unneray of Teanese, wae he eon 0 De ed a the CDIF a Bate Montana “The fal thee MD sagt artes iad in Tube 1. are sone designs fr the msesve stags of development enon for eee ‘lation of MHD. Ths ince De egies tt Tasty (212) te ecru deonsatn plant (CDP) x a ube age fr Base load (BD) opeaion "he th hp of ape syste in Tale consis of fasion magnet cose af wach mo at under sso abd 1 ae De eonepa lige tgs Toe ft f tee or he Mir Faton Test Face AFT) fe wrnceLvemore Natal Latoratry. Tie geome of i tem i eadetaly iret fom that of the ser we fasion seme tt ia Table 1. However, fede for eemparson brea iste lags Sspeendocing magnet preety unde constwcioe ia the Unig Sates he see fon magact stem ander constton I fo the LCT at (Ob Rage Nese! Latest It coms fanart of trial ald el Sond and abrced by a diferent manuactes fr the purpone of ‘ating aerate dein congrats, One of tse showin igre 2 “Te al wos ots sted i Tale 1 are empl des for suionive age of devopnct soi Lor the comers of [ekon Both ate ba or TatzmakconSuatns The ie of tee So fe felon etcenag tx fait (ETF), whe te vale en forthe commer prwer air (CPA) based on Ke UWMAK Il conceal deg geet edt te Unneat of Waco. “Te range of more energies ies Table 1 india of he enarmose| san of tenant rte wach beleved fo be neva Yo commerce ‘MUD aad futon tecolgis in compara those ht bave been ese ful corpse and to tos we conse, These in diferent ae fexher underscored by oman Figs 1. a 2 wah Figure and 1 ‘The MHD CDP suse shown in Figure 13 fer sonperaea ath he ‘COUP siperecodacting magnet shows ia Figte 1. Maj component te ‘owning clang the Camel aperture ie noe ee he ‘nora eater bal Yess acl ble par he apaet winding "he eter upp stead te cation ed snd asus Vee or Sie cemparson, he lak ure Bervee the two Views repens» pees ‘The foal ested as of us sgn! s 25710" hg A brew of th ‘mas nmong the anus compoeenta te mage sven Tale 12. This Ices te dnonaoe of acta magneto wasn S14 0 the tal eight sey sltedt the suppnt ofthe fore: of acomagnete lagi bythe asaraeare and roperracate Ite thors eet thew undemtansog of the mage fds fr endrentate esa of these ses, cod at Social om wl be «mar dre in he ‘wilco of re maga systems "Aa oul f ts fasion TF Tokamak tei shown io Figur for compton With he tril Ses forte LTE ia Piguet ommpanat ofthe ETF andthe magne syste ar shown in igre 8 These lose te lta volun he ist wal hl, ore appar ste ‘he trial ie FP) oo ender windings, estar and etl ppt the oloal eld (PF) cals, incding the mopernoductng (6/0) thine eating (OH) Slew inter and exter eulbn fd (HF) ci edco) spor structure: and vera ofthe mca) Denar. Fee sie comparison, {he blak fig nthe lower igihund sie of te aration repens eon. The comple o etre erent ih ott eye tp ete sundcraaeda ie le ie ing “The regrets impose’ onthe apt ion by che wer ae | singe for MED magnet designs dt thy are or fon sens, MED meget tes sera ave avecangls ore ove wh « pos Fide te windings onthe ovr of7 Tr ley moder enor on ld Nosagens, and Ton tstons on magnet emope so aba: On te ‘tier tan 2 Tokar son gsc ently const of + ealacton of teria Sl ne wes generat pa i a the wandogs on tt ode of 10'T, wih singe corso on te lovabc lst for eas and stra beat of aces egement for trai eupet I a ‘on. numerous ole el ce equied or lh ea aa cone. “The scr support of thes ess eer pean end fal soins ‘sa chalrsng dng ak “The step fm etsing MHD and fusion stems to thre soe fo commiton tno nec ye ree sod ert ad sn. chat understanding of MID aod vi agit dd {ore dag Tuadumentls 2 aera condi for making rch a Sp ety an on lei, Te una te oS REFERENCES: ss Mame Sere of 8 Spine MD Nant Dee Ea, 2am Why st Mts "Te emote Mae re BU) SECU Nene ater sek pe pe home ne teeth 0 me Cho Mig” Pen 9 See tegen tne sain ‘Tee Doorn es Dom Saecndcing Maget o t1ont NAL ‘han ar? son Nebo NAL ES a a Face “Decgre fr apt oe an 37 Bae fainaSaiaimenenr CIE Ses a {Wag ea “rarguns gern nl Ong ent Me US SS Seen ae FESR A ‘Ct stam on 0 Gee wis Le Se Sma ape (Erba 01S os as, oT ‘Sie toa Dicom ron hap a ae fe Menen A Mth Bf Pane aA M Deo, “Com Do enanyM2b hybapeny fn ah cs Sd SESS ins fo Cn an ete Ne ‘eae es Co rss" Come ee Pt MD Speran | ‘eS eC ae Pn’ er Sal ps rant 3 ap ge el peti Ae Reig 2 ey Can rm sr cA NSA Ln Rowe ne Sion ata ts se 18 CD Mwy “tprecntny er Mi Fen” ELE Te Mage Mera “Lea Ue, nef Na aga see teeMHD MAGNET DESIGN CONCEPTS ‘Amur of concepts raed 0 he Si of MID nt ae code io {shape tomep af cota of comtat rea ecstenss Seep to deerme the opium piso coudurae A nu of ‘pes st geome rion anand an cured om he bead Magri fe, conde Wome rgulenente aad ovr ss Mogae Te hoger n he get bore cased and the we of to {erate orton of he sna eld aan. Fang pte Bland Sores ar aati depth a te Shingo ta a an eg lar wens, Mage ld shaping eos, tudng poke ud ‘il fed poe conse Tae cape sed with prs ‘helenae for eiaigtencutuoe of HD maps 21 CONTOURS OF CONSTANT RELATWE EFFECTIVENESS ‘An MED mapnt i regu to proc aortic eo gen seein hn mses oa anal For on nth cand ng re ‘wearers osencenl cima, Th request plement endotrs on to sides of the chaae,pruel 1 i ti Toe cute! ‘Sresan on One we of teehee oppor ta ta ote te ence ‘ong tat st he nel mat be provid 1 const oregon ‘outro eer side. Thee cowowe nda neu sal eto the ed produced eve th major pron of the shana! lath fe hand ‘along, ut they cin adn consdrabie smut 4 tn tal rondo rss Fue 2. shows einsia came of leg ad ais 7 on wch secede fe srength Bi dente. ase lp! wh fpr 21 Sehnert ‘roductrs tie the inde par othe ak. AB ft ep ini als the contin To the ld bya cover conductor elses fed he elds computed on to-innsona saeeomdas te ‘sey long, Fgne 22 shows the ee second ofa gle cone pr! wo the «asian lca a psn (78) cus the cng ‘ohue diel by rr ia Figure 2 The cuenta y the ute {inthe ~ ecto, and the ed todas tr how an fB. Toe apneot of is ell the > directo a he dosed fd empenet ‘produ by the eanduce Foe oo ideal coc of length meal paced with spect vo he yb and = planes wth cuven ote x duro ter Y=. he ‘Sed el prodsnd at = per ot candor vlan for > 8 “, Boone ep ‘hag, This equation is used to detenmine where the conductor should be placed ‘oer oman he seal el fru veoaneual conductor Ia vise {121 the en cea fe pe vit Condor lume seated ek Fue 22, Gs ol fe is sity Green18 minimum and condi ata anima Thi aca p= and =, Sino and Oe Ws 9/2 The elleaece of he onda a thi oe ‘nb cotpu othe letneces ur conducts ee lection byw the cone of rave etecinen, Te lise etre lt ied tera te conl eld progeny the cond at {0 Uhat t woul! pose str and 9 ro (ite eae lean, esis ren alot 2) Nove thatthe mesimumn wah of ie 1, which cca at =r, and {Condit at ther estos aes fone ping te Cnt ls ‘ht coespoding vanes fy ar hs Ue | ‘aig (22) cota of costa te etecveoss ae pote in Fe 23 The contours wre ise mal canter on he ma ich a angen to te s/n ais ate on. Conductors lcd on pen cons pent {besame nutter per at dato le ‘Therefor the maxim suet ld x the on canbe prc for pre volun of concer by placing the contr such at he out oundty of te winds en» combi of constn lave efter For the eying be ot at he ae n/c onl abe oe ‘nficor placement. Fars square ore th ale Ceo eet 2 Ne ‘ne eotbrs cane we, ut the tegen [y/fe abd les ot ‘lable er ear pao “The Sicsson tus fr dos net nee the vole incre anced sw the coworer pron of «gen sandoter sme, Al emda ane ‘Seed to ive he some vlume nes he resection for ch 2 ae Jenga equal If the mapet infin oe, ht approach a Fors ‘mage f te length ths 0 tre. The ced volumes tous nec the 7~0 comes other <0 coup alt ictus of ip 23 For ample cose he enue: pnts ane in Figure 2.3 Exch contnutes the same ano to he exponent of the ld te ‘ein ands the sae volume paral othe ae, bt end tr ‘ontbuion fhe ttl vu ofthe condor tpt beter han ‘tur omhton oe ol vl othe eondactr apn Fat rr oun nds contsbus the same the ei bt Ie oduct ‘ott s meee eeetve than the mrt pst ona wig vn ‘ss when ead tans ate cometed Ite therlore nosy te Sevop ono of sms eae efcvenen wth he ed cnt ve ‘tcaad. The rests must approach te somos of Fens 2 a y=, Shee he ed congue ume conibuton aa nny on Snegie “To cle the end um eft, a model mast te aud for the ci end ‘um configuration. Fgue 2 stats the developed shape for 4 Given cn ‘oositing of to ica engi of cnt costed by we sence ot ‘ai which To then formed ver the surat of einer of rk Bese of flan shp, taisconraton cle ale el au. ‘Therenioaspbetmeen rand va(F-oe es) ‘aura 24 Mo cae feng end aa contro 1 te wt ‘Sata marae“The tl engin he umf terms the sight eg and he condor mn cna fieef(S-a] eo 1 his length cre de to ca tus side i determination | fev sfecvenes ho show tha the coos a omen rele UMgsivnes we geo I ey StRa] 29 ‘his equation can te sed for 9 for comparison with 2.2) Tae form of 23) presented er conven for plating 7/7, a feton of # fr vans Sie "Tse hous te own in Figue 2 forte case /1—0. toe wih ue eter/1=008 Te fect athe cog tara the ath lo he enteer/i=01 masa ape ofthe contours it appreat. For x specifi vale of 7, conductors Inet along any psn te produce te sae «conpeaen of fed the (ign prune ole ioting to canibton 6 end are. Loge ct Sibel /1 00s are moe tetiveia ut contr volume lion an ‘Bone Sis woh ae 971-01. The beeune the ection of Oe otal Sade vloe regal fo en tra mae for he lng i Ia ‘hon aoe tat compan! Feue 29 with Figure 3 shows ae he ‘ind saps, hich sea fora magne of nite ag cm te conde Uno stasdpoe oc ht sigh pasate side tear hoe ise the ctw of el the cl shape or a fal Teague 7 "Fo actual winding crow seston th ise na hen iain i shoes nthe tani ef hes farts oc 8 fd hogeney meta of stata Sopa: Hower it well compare the ol geome a's psi ie imi eleaienc cami to deen How col the el gooey erence "Ps spprseh canbe sted t cane oer games. As a example eos te ied on ats os «pa faces The pcan of te er lsat igure 2. For a ccc, ae ee planes perpen Ua o the mua eld decom bone he conde Sent alone fhe spn |} "ise tide ng copter mch hat /-€. The osbuin of the ed tars the cena ild and te tal ody wha Reames ro ote 26, Mal ures rgd nn te lea Sueno teeta ae1s 4/10. The named pr ut conductor volume forfour syne "ly paced conductors gen by (21. Fora sae a Sten te on ttle condocor ttt 8-0 and rr, Fre Gi) te mt ane ‘ondicior nt log sade rons a etal Be of Plas, e8 ne cise of 4 rartck ol stem, conor placement in the fis ‘strats ested 0 OS 4/2 and [> 7, Ta cambe ate i ea ot a>, en Te view ofthe eats soma sn Figute 23 the mo flee conductor fra long aero cls aad a tems llowable = This eae setncd by ot ay ‘scan bcm ith (21) neh geese ‘A compartn af (26) wth 2.10) shows ht te mos eu coaductrin ‘ng snl prove two thf on ai the mat ve sori ‘long cack or ese Se Roe and see densi Sade pomeie “re toaove much move elfeat hen racic the iain of us tes fr ld patucien| "The cnet of eee contour can be wel oa the eectve- es of ther desi deraes. Conc dig for example nee the {he of aii cuter dey seins a he winding whore the map Held owe The racic cal gem Ulsan Fre 26 ca fe ‘Stl determine the Benita concn wading, The alent ef {ur the racek in erm of ars lengh Sand poston (6 20ers) an A tnive eeinens can be eid a+ an) whee he mumeror i (21) with 2 tle by J of (2.1) wo debe the ‘Stl el per wl volume of conductor nthe tack cigs sd the dominate x26 The exesaon for ke maxima dB, for he Sale in (28) ar (0 and theetee doesnt nse thee fend tur rue. tls wed hae a 4 coesen nomaliog goa for tas ‘abyun Th est tema o/r, n/n 8 : en) . ot THT CNet] sce {> fr/rp8) deers the manos a which the cunt deity i [Pade in he winding For erp ase ta he tent desi eres isancey 8 flows ey The rt for 6/11 nd J, 085 shoe thee fail ot cient Fine{1, Fr can sd ce et we ree eno rset 9/101 Te ped eau ‘en ety ae etc n pots» Kat ee co sto sig Gndag te cena nan al cob uy ane sg ut ps in se Say ora vn i pn lol sy Spt eh ‘both z and y. oe =o “he pt of hs eee so itt grading fle poeta ssraue i nig concer vat eal ae 8 caia . eo he ———— ‘panna? mu comin dst ec ne 0 ‘ce eit af pig Be etn) Pepto oo eed flowing the nti asp ste Whether or ot rigs the ne wt ‘pend an he cul ainsi conducts sonata te iced cs {tothe adonalconplenty of the apn snd manufactur othe mage “The prpseo hi sestinn eo lune he nnn in which te eons of contours of conan fue efecivenes can be Wed oe a {plum eosseconal shape lar MHD magnet wings. Av ee feet ‘pumura tape een tat produ the manne l'on ws for Ben wang vole nde ead consvats oa Wing geome ace “lamest engi, and euron Jeny aucuuon wit te wlio. The ‘scunlwadg shape employed in'# gen deg mil dept on bes Sensations ach tual vppot and case of faean. The set ‘al od arin requement wl ave poor fe minding ine Sterns shoe, but sneer flo Lyon am el ae ft 122 CENTRAL MAGNETIC FIELDS OF LONG CONS tn MHD meet systems the cena eld ca often be etimated with fist secre) or fo cleaions by ating tha the ee Istntety lng The efcteof the ed turn ae exec Tepe 5 {xenon of the de amu to in, Te vais th epoch a toned with ample ample Conder tangles Toop of slg carat olen of infin cos econ wit Le in plane and proce ate a teen of the plano mapeitade the wih an eng np ts so telnet deca Figwe Sand as) gum 28 tn the teo-dneminlimbi o Fl etaea| ‘nlc caesar op of Saat ss ona ep side gh iehn it can be sown tat bbe] aa En. ge nt ce en i sd by te sage ll eel psn cb minty ge Sonat Ne Sn een ing i ge atoning cea a ‘So ney ret Pi ke a etter de Thor D8 a mace aa Ses 0St aa nutoaga aco oe can ote cl Td coader Hoc ea donne teal coe of tus eum “ory MD agp tn oes oo stoma therein ftp mr ‘ovata pe eo nity ng Te weg te stot pect eso coh of mail ely, Serre mre on nn a sani cue ‘Set copay wih so ee 224 Four Cant Elamants ‘The spl eases shown on igre 28. It amis of or element cach wt os econ dap cari ul cents If the element ae een ‘tage wining stim ten thence coebsion tte age aa tetoos am te ements represent our tes, each caring a cvrent he hel rode uth npn s em by (217) i d= 222 Windings ot Generel shape igure 210 rate he ener ae of inning placed amet (to they and anc the comer of bse wih ad The wining pie 29 sem sta Gd pre cl by ramsey lel ney Senger ene eis uniform curent ns shown in gure 210, a the cet ‘shen i Coa by inten a (2.17) oer ne guadean a fe an,= Ms! fficoe)arae us Consider a dimensions space in which lengths we naman foe rue fla tt spe te nontlied cosine te 9" yr td (einai mn ie 08 Pe=2ffleanal ae au sichin pl i er Pa Pea haters.) am ‘helt nie of (20) es cnesones centr mgt ld ath ight seis Teton of mensions leagh preter 85, whe te umier of pure i deecned ty ti comple of the woking ‘turd. The expe wh alow progres Srm ess th Hound ‘sing only on dimension nih parameter o more snes emetes, ‘ch eure a number of adonlGmenson lng parameters 223 Tangent Cheies In hse these ung cei apple tat winding ros setonal fons wich pres the mainam esta fd for» gen smu oduct ifthe end or tole snes. The cer Boundary fa -? 2 a eS sat) oie 250 Cros son fa nisi MD winding wih warm cet (20a cad mney af eWay sou ad oewining gum orm by # comin onsunt eave toe Geeed ne 21 pre 21) shor the target cite winding perry with dimers in veal sed goat spac The outer bound a he wing oe of ‘amc nel peat sored apace which tanger fo he 0 Plane the con Somat used ono hes =0 nd = pies, for Fray the wing akown Ss Figure 21) oe arnt omy. for {puve te ane fel olume in te epi 7, a thet aa {ic the mi, ie enamine a the pin te some) ft famction of aly one saaie With geom=y rl thedimemole eis gen By” 2) nse at xn ral current Sent 8 Wing ie als of wing a fF Wi ~ x gue 211 Tagg cede wodag soy we dens sain el ad “This ron i pte he wper sein gue 212 ith B00) ifround sod tune se sua fo hie pty a8 ase a Fgce ‘2a ian be sown ta he ol ei lume cling en tre of Be an ea Narmeteed Winding Volume,W/t er 2) Winding Rodis Rel Ek bas Sma ci mae a gu 212. Niel waking wen sd isa a eins armas fore cw nf The este or /1-9 aes (yw de ted une‘Fquaons (220 and (222)can be smb with he uk at HA 5-4] a9 ric ici orient of 101s al plored in Figure 2.12 nh Te iShormalaed vlue an be ad ty oe the dietsons Fay penmctr deemine! folowing speeaton f the deed (rea cone density and ding me ais Sr ee ses he tl wig ome cn be fund y ng signe £13 wash fe plat f denon adng volumes foctions ‘ESI tn aise Pgure 215 peste end volume Ye aorma SEY Mere se slum of he staph sion of he wind, Peer dhapees Yi nomaloed wo a7) rc). The 4c ae er fom @.9) fw Te tom i228) we lpi by 7/1 SEE MTot co the en turn sume of the anducor, Ths em cal Tey when sede by ri tem is aby 2 fans of Ths Here nre218 The aterm af 228) 8 ual to Fy/Co 2) Dvn {pesca te of 3) byte term aed rowing the eae te BStiy Past hw iv oly a foetan ofa, Tes abo ioe in Reel Nommelined Waging Volumes Wowng Ress Roe, owe 23 Nema! wnkg sums a nto fwd fo ‘Beige sn macig comin es 212 wd 210 ca eu 0 in te tol winding lume or aes et 20's falows Use Pte 212 to determine bsed on the Troe el ovr cvert deny. and ragrt sane rin Using ‘Shire delemine he ed orm vlase Ftd the iit eton lore ion Figue 2 Tel winding vl then the sam of V, an8 Fy 224 Poa Crete Ante winding soi which can be ses ya single nth purus ‘Bpe pul cise soutpratonsbowe in normalize orm Fase 2.4 [futher botany of the winding sos soto cain =r THE URPE TeicSnyre te gmreand he ter boundary sa eel ai, wth PeAGh the yok The ana winding tees fr Taner $iSacome owndary of te wong uit ee with i cntr places resets dunce of i trom the ena whte arf, Te ‘Strnad doi aga dopenent ony on a and he olune f aeaio ‘jenn: eny‘on pil and Pare 215 ean therfore te Soloed i eS sa te ana or he pons ease. The most wide, ‘Ting and rds ot a at wn Fgue 215 a facts of the mn ft Bh “The fnconal depen of te nrmaand mao hd ov “a, Faure 2.4 Pu le win eomety = eect somal”Nommelaed Windeg Vole, Vive88 Nemaliaed Cen Mora Fel Be gu215.Nemalal winding tole an af ra fect forse Be pe aon nai cn n/p were ala-) Tle Figice 2.16 lows the clei ofthe end tur and stright sation volun fr the pure cle conguain fr any aloe of 1 Te roc or sing thi ies smo hat ee orf ant ik fomety. The tlume rele for this ene were bad ty mune ‘ryan bused on he ed urn poet) sows Fe, 2.25 Truncated annulus ‘Te ant ns winding gem is own in Fagus 2.17 in bth sind normale’ space The cue boundary ofthe winding croclpe sacle ‘hice ato chanel cer The upper ed lover Bounds ae Teed by two ples wich vugate te anna secon at == =, where Sir th sonnel mat ar pl B= ‘iensong te ft winding vole cap be fund fom Fgte 219, whieh ‘hows he widget tur rune ansaid sch ta the dar ele Winaing Radius Reto, @ 0216 onesie wining ohm uct fendi ain a (enlace wadogtision™ Fee 27 Tried son wing rome with denon aaand he sigh sion volume Y, eat be determi from These ese ser oti y npr ep te ee fm pty haw inTiguea or he more gener cave of fan Be shown at Be BBs aay “Th the st case his eon which egies two eines lene pares ly apy towing ern sen. 226 Cieula Section ‘Thecus rome hasbeen a saris pa or many tae aes esas of ts guns simpy, as ised Figure? and bese ‘hemp farm of he abt rte nomad cen apt ele He 2 (a—Daine em ‘The nner carer andres reformed by segnes of de with centers sty #0. Note tht sietion ef the era nein gery ca Ea pce rare to parame, a 8 Tor found end tint a shown in Figure 24, the normalized winding vohie it vw +3(2}0eame-9 aan aston (2.2) pal dashed nso igre 221 frat valu a (Tae wining vote pies by (228) ln plod on he ame ie ler he feotdowead y/o 227 Rectanguae 1 tis eto res are presented fr n geometry that again ees 0 Anemones vaso spas the sp son. This the recap onfguation shown Fite 222 wih dines ge nel axé neal ‘Bol space. Fue tha peel We som cel egal pen woe RP tf) am gue 220 Cas nie winding ety 28 emis shown ee ndi nas con ap Fale gue 221 Noma wining ved ao nin mad Fi ote tee aes 08 The tae nf a tte ale cance NAA Te, Seana anc lin ve /7 0 88/1. Thin exprenic forthe sgt eld pat Im neal fom in gare 23.2 onc of anf Frogy Wie the ‘etonstipsbevees ld cuenta wig volume canbe eed once ane tin contain cbse One posible osanglr ead tn ‘uty shown in igre 224 Tae iter em the configura Saka fed thus far that ive rounded tums whch flow the ear bee emery Forte asso in Figure 228 orale wing nu Pome cots we a, (1+as yon] em orf (the cntgumcion of Fgue 220 snd y=1 foe > “That is for b> 7 bese pt nth =n ol Fue? 24a ena of oul to vo ta a festa winding eos sain canbe Maintain the 70 plane. The tom, not alaed nthe lest? {Mfc sme of he ala peened re nin Senn 3 ‘A wining ceo hs fren well beat tH nent Simpy dle oer Don fo intrtie with ther san samgenes oh Figure 223, Nema el miele ean win uncon of med Tae senin ining la ce rts gure 224 a te pi or stag aliunin roy The ‘Seimei oercl nora ot sl snl ‘8s ester ppt sacs Th tangle geomet alo allows use of « ‘uate borg, iran fo be benef rem an TD change Pchagng seeps I ain, the ore oe can he ete with sl ema cndacor by ineresng he eons hott den Tigre 224 Tuition (230) pled in arma orn Figure 225 a fonction of| ‘a an forthe Spal eae sf 7/10. Tn aceon, ines of cast 1, gi ae tos pte from pte 2250 Figure 228 Acne el ot (phen iagutde canbe provided Oy any nurer of oust a td Hower on valu of ea 8 conesponds 0» masa nding vere fr 2 gven conta fed nd’ The lo ef pant sang ti enon {neste thee able “ranean fr pen oe a Figure 225,pu 225 Noli wna vba fr tangle a usin lend ple terpeeal cea ‘ance tm Fi rina fp ‘is gnu neh ecu eg iEtidet gedaan ‘te gaa lg a anmang scm pena Siasaieece sey gaia fa vines cows Coane ei es Pe Siete mt ies aes aoe ute 227 Cave tpi mld ning hen ci ‘cca get Yella 7/1 ‘The maximum-et-minimum-sote crv for he restanglr san i epee on 7/1 an is shown in Pais 23,228, and 438 fo 4/104 Sir cors fr ter value of fe sown ie Figure 27 Select aes fe and hich comepond to thee optimom dips ae en in Table 21 [Note hot minnie the minding ome ty not he the primary denn fonsiescn, For extn the deed Henan sro te eka my Sh ie adunabi a th msi nag volume configuration, Howe Selecting 7/1 and By ng hen Finding the eq and V/CTS ‘Te wang volume wade les rap ab #8 eet eave oe tsimam solame ine Tora piven normal il aie tan dened ‘aie tote ef adn, te sormuad mga eld ct sent {o-amml saauon in parameter provided the aera wed Slane ure 224 Mets the traction of the cota winding vlue tha i reguted or end urs for the opin taps gooey Ti ie ‘Sen teat of the ttl wing volume fo te ole of he sah Seton ofthe wading we are pre ote chun a. The dad Sotrntono heen arts s/f scenes edent se wood be epee Homover the gre ti show hat ng aon ofthe al conductor ain ener ered nthe en tr (240% for /1=Dl for emp) forthe Feeea eonety.5 , aate : 3 td aye ft fase pH i Hail a i i GHG i 1 ile i hb EAEB I i re ni A UG ad aaa setae veo inlidy i i aie! : THE i Hoda? é SSD EOS NANA aAROK LMR EERE OREO VEELowe 229 Fal aac wating oe with mca soon ele Cima 250 54 function ofthe winding radius rio and te wining beg Pernt. With ss iferaaten the i, cureat ty, and winding ‘ams rlatenstips ca bo oud bse ose ea tur congo. For thir pomety each cramer tr sue fo bea sect it he plane ofthe two condusor soon ss shown 9 igre 28. The fou of he conductor thu fncion af a, ad oe chanel al ap to ph ator as flows ex) serrated ox Hee ge que 230. Nomad anal gas el «tn fe opt preform iin za gv 231, Ras ofa! windy we nig a fo ane wit Soteontocde tt maou contgta! ‘Te oof the to wining vue to he vue the minding igh seston is fection of and Tis eat sown a Pgite 2 "Te fll eaesc intererng mathemati tof el vale ‘ruin of ther Deod ci which wuld be eg for sds the id tors ate) =O lube In tn, emcee sal acs) ae [recto fora ld production, Semone in Sina 2A Praca! cufgaon f shown in Figre 22 sth dimension spect ‘lanl noemaind space. Note a ths case Fue ee pares 1 empl spaly he ers second geome. These area. =7/2. ‘na =e forts ess cane fou sag upp 231 {tn (2.3) fw: pleA)~ Ble 8) aay a in zai L8.4)-nleoa.} a wa + gue 232 Ras yoney sth mesons sows ral nd ermal eyOpium eatck omer can be foe is» manor sila 0 tat waa forth sale poy. Te prices moe open sac the tack ‘ois the Tour prunes eB anf gente spect, inher the Sse ony sets toe. Tabe 22 parte gmt ft Tpecaks tha roar the muse wormed cent (3) fort {en aomalae! wading eure (3) Thee ste van pia fr spe fiseae sed onthe seul cel fil, pap bine raat ca ining aren deny abd salen Thee pruetr determine 7 nd nin wich cts hen bean wh Tabled wae he crnrseial [pomety aod B an wel an he noua wading veame Ve) Fequed The normalized mage fell sat senate wl waa ‘avs proved the norma winding same oust 228 Arbitrary Or Boundary gare 2.3 sae wing som with om nner hour tht oes ‘tithe yr pce The ester bexndary aay but sth eld By bir fe) bang sgl va an Sonu. Fee cue maga le Force ena best be menses) rl ) 28 eboe.t.+ 8°91 va 3) “Tis eqn car Beas fer dtm of de fnstin fo denne te Tale 22_ Dimensions Pusat a tninsnVome Races Cle 7808 A= Fg 28. Wag ey rl ma i on ey Sin : 7 socio cena il fr companion wit she other geome gies ‘Unis /nas ange fom, he neon mat We done sume 123 COMPARISON OF LONG COUS: ‘A suns of al gametes ae presented i he previo cin wel formulations for easing eel hein ial winding volutes Insing end tn specail ue ein hi SO 0 “cmpare he various winding soomeits sm be Be Space and cent retuienens "The dvi of a9 MHD magnet usally proses Los. The el nl ‘tees a fete fel lng, spe tga pars iD tam unr conudra. Tae ores eae oy He ‘ning is ten estima the mage! ser, sad the sera ta age Old By (py) eae A specie nding geometry can Me enseted by adie th dimensenen geomet partes uc hat ‘eral magnate of te orn cel fl ped Whos fe ‘Sly ths ep bud on tvodmessigal ld caste Oly ‘rely long eis on be cone. The eft detemaned cn an fe ‘taste o el pus ensins by muppng sch hy the Lao The sgh fase he aes f Sexton 24 the righ eg fe winding Duc to trwcinesons! mip eld coca tr aoa ‘int be lng uth fein id cng wih Ben hy te MTD ‘epurements No gen felon canbe sia ince te fel ation ‘lbw slog shot avast te Honeo ic ratonae ost ih For i= "3, Sere sme eal an of he ore hares the ‘de of 10 fo 2% Te dwg essary anaes wich Mt ‘ently ropes to tveatmenina eld und fre cakalaos. As = String point ter Secon 2 cun Be wed to ese anaes. ta'magne carats, Tse ees cn tw be sed sg mare eaten The rato Serine 22 at aed on ore erin tt 090 huge ‘ve he legis of te rngne ever oush mot MHID esac leliveging tors. The povous analyses coal te ete by nde sea one ei eee, Rov, he le ‘ionsipe beneen cil shapes nell be esti te ses Theor te emparions among le vans mann rots wich present ‘sein ae mace without the complet ofthe aati! pramets “To compare te various winding pom the range of et fr We putts tbe eta For eatp re vale MED pans ee ftngcte lds inthe &to€T range and bore dame as? 09m Ia ‘ton, deg ses on geste MED mapas ide tos eel ‘intng cen dents wl als he range of mm? to 210" 808 It Thee ales recombi te sarpe ores or oe arin eal ld i= Be cos ee) ore 239) ‘The follwing ta compari of soe of he wind gion eal io Staton 22 ove he geo parantescoreagendep gece sen, Sc els wre bal twodanensoal cabs, bere snes at eo gs etna cay Mops Fl io) gure 234, Ene amr iin wantin foi’ cea mae fed er optmocd wanes way 0h ‘covansovertenacaes © sumed to te constant with length and he crpsrioy ae pee wih {7101 any dele cndoons mst be mae wih ue Hower He (Gea ene reste gure 24 is 4 gaph of envdope diameter rao ver the acrmaoat tal mapa fi for five call poetics man )1 01 aly The ‘ope dunt a be i of he mania danse Def «Myotis ‘le: whch could ence he wigs tobe Sameer ot he bob, The {2 of satin san upprtant cosdertion hate is impact ‘open sete and Devas sol oe Wher gst) reqs te ‘Ban one puamett to Specs Heo ston the ae slated ose ‘hovecunen we hc ot minimising te minding ume, ect a eer eos en exch pot ong te canes opened “woe shows forthe cul ton poe, wish correspond 10 saving flee: anges subtended hy the waging. The 0 dere sel seston hs ager eneepe than the 0 dros ton inc be ove mat hve laa bl owes the tame tv gnen an "The tnget ore geomy hare cole tna eer ofthe cic secon eves son cates winding Gh elfen nent fa production nate eg coh ra, Print ang os tts ess boa the outer Boundary f tangent cle prey fis a contour of constant elie fleece “Te eof the oad saan twa in gue 224 far 1 ony, ‘Tals gooey sas with tay smal enone 3 at sal oy), te sess and fas oer eso Ban inereane Fo he tae {ated sas a ela neton, sal Gel ad parr pls | ‘Sala which meat ind hes ine ail Seton. Tete feomses and envelopes te ren age, Himes Beno) Incr the Togo ul inert Tne trea nan geese ‘costae rom bavag a condor inthe rion #27. el the caine Seton cin hive x condor tire. The eels conan elie files shown Fire 2 ne ha hs ena ed wea te Senductr for age ning. ics, er bal Tas the crear ssa soma sre ent a il recast the hight ea he ang Fequres les ald and has a smaller envelope Exo though Be eee ‘he roca mss wining sone rer ter cern cc key the potensaladentgy of ating suc emma to he f= Fanos thereby red the bandng ome sa ae ote pesocare “Too lees are shown im Figure 224 for te stale geomet As Inte by he seth inte gre, one line crepes the envelope ued for he stake nh te wigs aad the her sorespnds 1 {heise windog eavelope atthe cds: Fora given normal ald ante oth cue ase an ene nga than te vies preted {hs far However, he etanglar se proves ore of Tin [Descente esr bre rome whch pode rtd ot tb asi