Year 9 Waves At Light Speed Revision

1. What are waves? What do they carry?

2. What are the two types of waves?
3. Draw and label (crest, trough, wavelength, amplitude, period) in a transverse wave.
4. What is frequency and what units is it measured in?
5. What happens when the frequency is changed?
6. What happens when the amplitude is changed?
7. How do the particles move in a transverse wave? In a longitudinal wave?
8. What type of wave is a sound wave? A light wave?
9. What is the difference between longitudinal and transverse waves?
10. How does the speed of sound change between water and air?
11. How does the speed of light change between water and air?
12. What is the speed of light?
13. Define reflection, refractions and dispersion.
14. Define luminous, illuminated, translucent, transparent and opaque.
15. Complete: The angle of ______________ is equal to the angle of _________________.
16. Draw the following objects: concave lens, convex lens, plane mirror and concave mirror.
17. List the types of waves in the electromagnetic spectrum.
18. Draw and label the following parts of an eye (iris, lens, pupil, cornea, retina, optic nerve).
What are the functions of each part?
19. Label the following parts of an ear: nerve, small bones, cochlea, ear drum, ear canal.
20. Complete the following table:

Colour of opaque object

Colour of white red blue green yellow cyan magenta

light
illuminating
object
White white red blue green yellow cyan Magenta
red red red black black red black Red
Blue blue black blue black black blue blue
Green green black black green green green Black
Yellow yellow red black green yellow green Red
Cyan cyan black blue green green cyan Blue
Magenta magenta red blue black red blue magenta

21. Complete the following:

Waves
WORD BANK: reflected, wavelength, compression, , vacuum, radiation, impulses, microwaves,
rainbows, ultra-violet, Dispersion, focusing, absorb, spectrum, incidence, refraction, frequency,
Echoes, frequencies, , filters, transverse, electromagnetic, dense, vibrations, infra red,
Waves
All waves consist of (1)___________which carry energy, travel in straight lines, can be
(2)_____________and refracted. All types of electromagnetic radiation and sound travel as
waves.
Electromagnetic Waves
Light and other (3)________________waves travel through space at 300,000 kilometres per
second. Other types of electromagnetic waves, arranged from shortest to longest
(4)______________, include gamma radiation, x-rays, (5)_______________, infra-red and radio
waves. These different types of radiation, when grouped together, are called the
electromagnetic (6)_________________.
Electromagnetic waves are regarded as (7)______________waves, in which the vibrations of
electric and magnetic fields are at right angles to the direction of wave travel.
Each type of electromagnetic (8)______________has a certain range of frequencies. Frequency
is defined as the number of waves which pass a point per second. The different colours of visible
light have different (9)________________. Electromagnetic waves have a range of uses, e.g. x-
rays are used to examine the interior of the body, (10)________________are used for cooking,
infra-red waves are used for heating.

Reflected Light
When a ray of light is reflected from a mirror, the angle of (11)____________is equal to the
angle of reflection. Study you ray box diagrams for reflection.

Refracted Light
When light travels from air into a more (12)_____________medium. e.g. water or glass, it slows
down and may be bent. This is called (13)_________________.
Lenses are designed to refract light and can be used to correct longsightedness or
shortsightedness by (14)_________________light rays which enter the eye, onto the retina.
Study you ray box diagrams for refraction.

Coloured Light
(15)_______________occurs when a ray of white light is passed through a prism, which
separates it into its component colours. An example of this in nature is the formation of
(16)_____________as light passes through water droplets in the atmosphere.
Objects appear to be a certain colour because they reflect that coloured light and
(17)____________all other colours. Coloured (18)_____________transmit light of only one
colour, while absorbing other colours.

Sound Waves
Sound waves are (19)________________waves which travel at approximately 300 metres per
second. They travel by the back and forth movement of particles, so they cannot travel in a
(20)______________. Sound waves travel faster in solids than in liquids and travel slowest in
gases.