SCIENTIFIC ENGLISH

ESSAY

OLEH:
NAME : I Gusti Lanang Agung Adi Prana
ID : 1529061011

UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN GANESHA

PASCA SARJANA
PENDIDIKAN IPA
TAHUN 2015
 SCIENTIFIC ENGLISH

EXHIBITION
PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEDICATED TO PUBLIC EDUCATION UNIVERSITY
GANESHA
BALI SYNWOOD, Batik, METAL, STONE AND NOBLE

Picture 01. Exhibition "Bali Synwood"

Crafts Business Innovative, Creative, and Appropriate

Saturday, 28 September 2015 audible information for exhibition curious paddock in

terms of the name of his exhibition provide traction to enliven the event visit the exhibition. Bali
synwood give a new innovation in the world craft creative and effective in addressing the
problem of waste, one of them waste the rest of the harvest is chaff and straw.
Bali Synwood created from synthetic wood from lignocellulose agrifiber husk and rice
straw-reinforced nanocomposite selika-carbon (made of straw and rice husks) and applied to a
variety of Balinese handicrafts is the result of excellent research achievements of the National
Strategic (PUSNAS) 2014-2016 funded by the Directorate of Research and community service,
the directorate general of strengthening research and development, the Ministry of technology
research and higher education. This research has been chaired by Dr.rer.nat.I Wayan Karyasa,
S.Pd., M.Sc. (Inorganic Materials chemistry expertise) with members of researchers Drs. I
Wayan Muderawan, MS, PhD (chemistry expertise Organic Synthesis) and Dr. Made
Gunamantha, S.T., M.M. (areas of expertise Chemical Engineering) from the Faculty Undiksha.
The products of this research involves the implementation team P2M science and technology for
export products (ibPE) handicrafts aluminum (chairman: Dr. rer.nat. Iwayan Karyasa, S.Pd.,
MSc, member of: Ni Made karina wedhanti, S.Pd., M. Pd, and Iwayan sudiarta, S.Pd., M.Sc,)
and the implementation team P2M science and technology for export products (ibPE) craft
Pulaki precious stones and silver Gerokgak (chairman: Drs. I Wayan Muderawan, MS, PhD.,
Members: Prof. Dr. I Wayan Rai, MS, and prof. Dr. I Nyoman kanca, M.Pd.

Batik Metal is branding for various handicrafts made of aluminum with batik motifs and
the coloring is a blend of anodizing, sprying, painting and metal laminating. Batik metal has been
much favored by the society because in addition to its shiny aluminum as well as variation craft
that is often used in everyday life.
Precious Stones Pulaki have long been known and have experienced its heyday in the
1980s when the introduction of stone kresnadana by Putu funds in the village banyupoh,
gerogak, buleleng. This time many developing craft Pulaki precious stones bounced back since
the 2000s and are excellent as the booming rock agate archipelago. Increasing the capacity of
precious stone craftsmen who hand in hand with a silver craftsmen Gerokgak to get the highest-
quality creative products and exports is a science and technology program for the purpose of
export products Pulaki and silver gemstone groggak years 2015-2017, chaired by Drs. I Wayan
Muderawan, M.S., PhD.
The exhibition organizing Bali Synwood welcomed by the surrounding society and the
invitations are a big part of an entrepreneur. Bali synwood exhibition is held for one week from
26th September 2015 until October 2, 2015 is located in Building Graha Laksmi, the Ngurah Rai,
Singaraja. Purpose organizing this exhibition is as a vehicle for publicity and accountability
publiki to the research program and community service. Exhibition aims to: 1) introduce
products craft which is the implementation of Science and Technology (Science and
Technology) generated by implementing activities, 2) to capture the market response and
feedback related parties for the development of science and technology in research institutions /
servant, and 3) establish partnerships with business and industry regarding the implementation of
science and technology produced.
This product exhibits coupled with some brainstorming discussions (FGD) on the
development of the craft industry environmentally sustainable, precious stones and metals as
well as some events batik training and skills related to technology implementation.
The use of wood as a raw material in making various craft materials and as to the need
for the board very much so less restrained. This can result in forest clearing without restrained
that can disrupt the natural ecosystems. Preservation of tropical forests is vital in maintaining the
balance of the ecosystem. In addition to the issue of the protection of tropical forests, lethargy
industry-craft there are very very poor. Craftsmen who use wood base can not grow because of a
lack of raw materials and the difficulty meengekspor results of their craft. This is because the
craftsmen must have an export license and permit the legality of the wood they use as a craft.
Olehh because it is very difficult to develop the craftsmen and handicrafts of wood industry, is
listless. One solution that can be offered in overcoming these problems is to find another
alternative materials so as to reduce the deforestation that is by using waste as raw material in
replacing a wooden base. Given there is also a decrease in the craft industry are made from
wood.
One side of agricultural waste such as rice husks and straw so abundant that is not
utilized properly. Rice husk or skin is the outer portion of the grain of rice and contains a built
silica highest compared with the results of the processing of rice yield other side. In general the
use of chaff in Indonesia is still very limited, namely as a medium for ornamental plants, brick
kilns, pedestal or ungags cattle, horses, cows, goats, and buffalo. Besides rice husk is also used in
hatching duck eggs. As manure, rice husks have a low value because it has low levels of NPK.
Bali synwood technology is a synthetic wood made from rice husks and straw-reinforced
nanocomposite silikakarbon of materials and jerami.Sekam chaff and straw are used for rice
(paddy) is a staple food for most of the world population, world rice production of 600 million
tons / year; chaff 120 million tons / year; straw 6 billion tonnes / year; Indonesia as the chaff of
13 million tons / year; straw 650 million tons / year and most importantly, the silicon-rich
biomass produces about 20% ash silica (purity 95%).
 Characteristics of Bio-rice husk ash is silica containing more than 95% silica, a powder
that is easily purified, amorp reactive silica; easily converted into advanced materials derivatives
(nanosilika, silikaaerogen, etc.). Nanocomposite of silica-carbon is used because the properties
are superior like properties meakanis, dispersion and thermal compared to a composite
conventional, as fillers which can strengthen the structure of materials (reinforcement material),
as a coating of fire-resistant, and the material that resists corrosion. How to make Bali Synwood
are:
1. Creating a silica nanocomposite carbon (SCNC) of rice husk or straw
2. Create powder lignocellulosic fibers (LSAF) of husk and rice straw
3. Create or prepare resin
4. Creating a mold for molding / casting
5. Making dough blend triaxial LSAF-R-SCNC
6. Printing dough into synthetic kahyu: hot-press method or the direct method catalyst.
Isolation of silica in rice husk can be done non-thermal, by using strong oxidizing agents
such as hydrogen peroxide or strong acid such as sulfuric acid. Hydrogen peroxide oxidizer
Brazilians probe reactive and can oxidize various compounds organiik and metal. Hydrogen
peroxide can decompose exothermically into water and oxygen spontaneously. Hydrogen
peroxide reaction speed depends on the temperature, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, and
also the acidity (pH). Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) can dissolve organic compounds and most metals.
Concentrated sulfuric acid has the ability to dehydrate very powerful that it can separate water
from compounds including sugars and other carbohydrates to produce carbon, heat, steam, and a
mixture of sulfuric acid-water. Carbon which is formed by a sulfuric acid compound terdihidrasi
lead him into a blackish brown color. Non-thermal method is rarely used because of the removal
of inorganic impurities and oragnik compounds usually lasts a relatively long time so that it
becomes less economical than the methods are thermal.
However, non-thermal process using an acid pre-treatment can be performed as rice
husks were very helpful produces high-purity silica. Inorganic substances such as rice husk
impurity in minerals in very small amounts can be removed by treatment with acid using H2SO4,
HCL or HNO3. Inorganic compounds must be removed before combustion is done because it
can inhibit the formation of silica which has an amorphous structure. Treatment using H2SO4,
HCL or HNO3 proven effective to eliminate the minerals contained in rice husk. Tterkandung
total amount of metal in acid solution H2SO4 hydrolysis results lower than acid hydrolysis
results with HCL and HNO3. This shows that the H2SO4 not suitable to eliminate some of the
metals contained in rice husk.
Isolation of silica in rice husk menggukan metoe thermal or combustion produces rice
husk ash from combustion of 20% and over 90% of the silica. Temperature controlled well and
an appropriate environment when combustion can produce quality rice husk ash is better because
the particle size and specific surface area affected by the conditions of combustion. Perfect
burning rice husks will be gray to white, semntara rice husks that will not burn completely turns
black.
To obtain a reactive silica burning temperature should be controlled. Manufacture of
amorphous silica is done by first through a drying process which aims to eliminate the moisture
content of the material by evaporating water from the surface of the material. The presence of
residual water content in rice husk ash may hinder the diffusion of chemical components
contained in rice husk when heated on the purity of the husk.
Burning rice husks in the open not only produce ash poor quality, but also banned in
many countries because it causes pollution. Uncontrolled burning will produce crystalline
structure that has a low level of reactivity. Industrial furnace combustion is often done in the
industry for the sake of economic interests. Combustion in industrial furnaces, combustion easier
to control and easier to produce in the form of amorphous silica with high purity.
Burning rice husk, which is preceded by hydrolysis HCL produce rice husk ash color
whiter. This is because when the rice husks soaked in HCL, the metal content in rice husks very
little soluble so that the rice husks are free of metal compounds. In addition to the hydrolysis of
cellulose in rice husks cut into chains of smaller and form D-glucose. Hemicellulose in rice husk
can be hydrolyzed into pentose and hexose sugars.
From the burning of rice husk will be obtained nanocomposite of silica-carbon has
superior properties such as mechanical properties, and thermal dispersion compared with
conventional composites. Moreover, it can be used as a filler material that can strengthen the
structure of materials, fire-resistant coating, and resistant to corrosion. The raw material is used
as a synthetic wood maker called "Bali Synwood", an alternative to the original wooden material
that is resistant to termites and have a lower economic value compared to the original wood, and
were able to reduce tropical forest crisis.
 Starring Synwood get a positive response because many of the visitors who are interested
in a wide range of products on display, such as a building typical Balinese carvings, statues of
the god Ganesha, and various forms of handicrafts which have considerable economic value
terjangkau.Yang most impressive is the uniqueness of craft products that are difficult to
distinguish from handicrafts made of wood. The advantages of the product "Bali Synwood" is in
the process of making molds form a practical, effective, and efficient use of time but it still has
artistic value that does not lose its competitiveness with the products of handicraft .We hope that
what becomes the work The products of research and dedication to the community Ganesha
University of Education can reach the world market continues to grow internationally. From this
exhibition makes us always feel amazed and excited that kept us motivated to continue to deliver
new innovations in the future in the face of life.