4 Moons Pizzeria

This sample business plan has been made available to users of Business Plan Pro, business
planning software published by Palo Alto Software. Names, locations and numbers may have been
changed, and substantial portions of the original plan text may have been omitted to preserve
confidentiality and proprietary information.

You are welcome to use this plan as a starting point to create your own, but you do not have
permission to reproduce, resell, publish, distribute or even copy this plan as it exists here.

Requests for reprints, academic use, and other dissemination of this sample plan should be emailed
to the marketing department of Palo Alto Software at marketing@paloalto.com. For product
information visit our Website: www.paloalto.com or call: 1-800-229-7526.

Copyright Palo Alto Software, Inc., 1995-2009 All rights reserved.

 Confidentiality Agreement

The undersigned reader acknowledges that the information provided by

_________________________ in this business plan is confidential; therefore, reader agrees not to
disclose it without the express written permission of _________________________.

It is acknowledged by reader that information to be furnished in this business plan is in all respects
confidential in nature, other than information which is in the public domain through other means and
that any disclosure or use of same by reader, may cause serious harm or damage to
_________________________.

Upon request, this document is to be immediately returned to _________________________.

___________________
Signature

___________________
Name (typed or printed)

___________________
Date

This is a business plan. It does not imply an offering of securities.

 Table of Contents
1.0 Executive Summary ..............................................................................................................1
1.1 Objectives ....................................................................................................................1
1.2 Mission .........................................................................................................................1
1.3 Keys to Success ...........................................................................................................1
Chart: Highlights ........................................................................................................2
2.0 Company Summary ..............................................................................................................2
2.1 Company Ownership ....................................................................................................2
2.2 Start-up Summary ........................................................................................................3
Chart: Start-up ...........................................................................................................3
Table: Start-up ...........................................................................................................4
3.0 Services ................................................................................................................................4
4.0 Market Analysis Summary ....................................................................................................4
4.1 Market Segmentation ...................................................................................................5
Table: Market Analysis ..............................................................................................5
Chart: Market Analysis (Pie) ......................................................................................6
4.2 Target Market Segment Strategy .................................................................................6
4.3 Service Business Analysis ...........................................................................................6
4.3.1 Competition and Buying Patterns .....................................................................7
5.0 Strategy and Implementation Summary ................................................................................7
5.1 Competitive Edge .........................................................................................................7
5.2 Marketing Strategy .......................................................................................................7
5.3 Sales Strategy ..............................................................................................................8
5.3.1 Sales Forecast ..................................................................................................8
Table: Sales Forecast .......................................................................................9
Chart: Sales Monthly .........................................................................................9
Chart: Sales by Year .......................................................................................10
6.0 Management Summary .......................................................................................................10
6.1 Personnel Plan ...........................................................................................................10
Table: Personnel .....................................................................................................11
7.0 Financial Plan .....................................................................................................................12
7.1 Start-up Funding ........................................................................................................12
Table: Start-up Funding ...........................................................................................12
7.2 Important Assumptions...............................................................................................13
Table: General Assumptions ...................................................................................13
7.3 Break-even Analysis ..................................................................................................14
Table: Break-even Analysis .....................................................................................14
Chart: Break-even Analysis .....................................................................................14
7.4 Projected Profit and Loss ...........................................................................................15
Chart: Profit Monthly ................................................................................................15
Chart: Profit Yearly ..................................................................................................16
Chart: Gross Margin Monthly ...................................................................................16
Chart: Gross Margin Yearly .....................................................................................17
Table: Profit and Loss ..............................................................................................17
7.5 Projected Cash Flow ..................................................................................................18
Table: Cash Flow.....................................................................................................18
Chart: Cash..............................................................................................................19

Page 1
 Table of Contents
7.6 Projected Balance Sheet ............................................................................................20
Table: Balance Sheet ..............................................................................................20
7.7 Business Ratios .........................................................................................................21
Table: Ratios ...........................................................................................................21
Table: Sales Forecast ................................................................................................................1
Table: Personnel ........................................................................................................................2
Table: Profit and Loss ................................................................................................................3
Table: Cash Flow........................................................................................................................4
Table: Balance Sheet .................................................................................................................5
Table: General Assumptions ......................................................................................................6

Page 2
 4 Moons Pizzeria

1.0 Executive Summary

The following plan is based on years of experience, is highly focused and promises to follow a
path of prosperity. It is based on conservative sales figures, and actual sales may be higher. The
projections contained herein are authentic and will be used as the budget for the business. 4
Moons Pizzeria will show a profit almost immediately, and will increase sales and profits each
year thereafter.

1.1 Objectives
The objective is to lease a site at 555 West Blue Plum Lane. We will need to remodel the
interior according to the Franchisor's design. We plan to duplicate and massage the successful
formula used by Franchisor. We will use our own personal strategies and skills to create our
own success in our 4 Moons Pizzeria. We plan to train our crew to ensure outstanding results in
quality food and customer service. Our objectives are as follows.

Be the first 4 Moons Pizzeria in Nevada

Provide the highest quality product, duplicating Franchisor's successful pizzerias in
Oregon
Give top notch service in a quick and efficient manner
Keep our menu simple to maintain low food cost
Maintain the competitive, fast-casual dining at the mid-range price point
Use marketing strategies to build volume quickly
First year sales over $677,000 with a 6% growth yearly
Maintain and expand an outstanding reputation as being the best neighborhood pizzeria

1.2 Mission
4 Moons Pizzeria exists for the purpose of generating sales and profit. Because we are a service
business, we will also exist to serve our customers. These two reasons for our existence are
inextricable. If one aspect does not exist, the other will cease to exist.

We will always offer a fresh product and welcoming environment

We will remain cheerful, courteous, well trained, and focused on pleasing our guests
We will strive to become the first destination of choice for those in our neighborhood
and community
Our staff will be offered a workplace where they can prosper and grow in a dignified,
fun, and rewarding manner
We will give support to and contribute to our community schools, churches, groups, and
businesses

1.3 Keys to Success

Our policy of being operating managing members is to make sure we pass by every table to
greet, visit with, or at least send a smile to our guests.

We will visit any table or answer to any phone call that has feedback, positive or negative. We
Page 1
 4 Moons Pizzeria
will use every means available to satisfy our customers.

We will be committed to the success and happiness of our staff.

We will be committed to providing quality food and beverage at all times.

We will consistently follow the franchisor's proven methods.

2.0 Company Summary

Established in 1958, 4 Moons Pizzerias are an award winning, "Home of the brick oven Pizza".
They offer a comfortable, friendly ambience, with its new "Modern Pizzeria" design. The menu
features pizza, hot calzones, strombollis, sandwiches, baked pastas, and fresh tossed salads. The
pizza dough is made fresh everyday on site. Beverages include soft drinks, imported and
domestic beer, micro brews, and an impressive wine list. Food ingredients are the finest
available including USDA Choice meats.

2.1 Company Ownership

We are an LLC, limited liability company, with four managing owners holding an equal share
(25%) and interest in the franchise.

Carol Mittani: General Managing Owner - Hands-on management of all daily restaurant
and company operations.
Steve Solutrian: Vice Managing Owner / Sales and restaurant operations. Hands-on
management of daily operations and sales trends.
Diane Solutrian: Vice Managing Owner / All office procedures. Hands-on management of
daily operations.
Page 2
 4 Moons Pizzeria
Rikard Mittani: Vice Managing Owner / Marketing and future finances and investments.
Hands-on management of daily operations.

2.2 Start-up Summary

We hope to take advantage of an existing structure located at 555 West Blue Plum Lane, at
Lakeside Center. It is 2,828 square feet. We will remodel according to the Franchisor's designs to
make our concept both visually and functionally suitable.

Construction is estimated at $214,630 - see attached "Franchisor's Construction Cost Sheet" for
item breakdown.*

Start-up cash on hand is estimated for 3 months working capital, inventory, labor and rent.

Short-term assets include phone equipment, smallwares, booths, chairs, tables, pendants,
sconces, and lighting.

Long-term assets include all kitchen equipment, POS system, and signage.

*Confidential and proprietary information omitted from this sample plan.

Page 3
 4 Moons Pizzeria

Table: Start-up
Start-up

Requirements

Start-up Expenses
Remodel Costs $214,630
Proscreen/Wallpaper-Menu Boards $3,644
Insurance $1,500
Franchise Fee $25,000
1st month rent $4,242
Drafting/Engineering $3,000
City fees/Misc costs $2,491
Beer and wine license $500
Training/travel $2,000
Utility start-up costs $5,000
Design $4,200
Total Start-up Expenses $266,207

Start-up Assets
Cash Required $87,286
Start-up Inventory $10,000
Other Current Assets $41,775
Long-term Assets $99,732
Total Assets $238,793

Total Requirements $505,000

3.0 Services
4 Moons Pizzerias are comfortable and inviting. We are a fast-casual operation with dine in,
take-out, and delivery. The decor and theme are centered around the cutting edge open
kitchen with brick arches and distinctive lighting. Our energy and atmosphere will appeal to
families, groups, and schools.

The real power and energy of the pizzeria will come from the attentive and courteous service
provided by our managers and staff. Our fresh menu will be prepared by our motivated kitchen
team, and carefully orchestrated to provide the best service to our customers who are our
priority. We will have at least one manager on duty at all times.

Our hours are Sunday thru Thursday 11 am. to 10 pm. Friday and Saturday 11 am. to 11 pm.
Take out available during store hours. Delivery hours are 4 pm to closing everyday we are
open. We will offer delivery all day on Saturday and Sunday and some holidays.

4.0 Market Analysis Summary

Ohno is one of the fastest growing cities in America with Nevada being voted the best small
business state in the country. Ohno is a community diverse in the arts and culture. We have a
strong labor market, low taxes, affordable housing, and natural amenities making Ohno an
attractive place to live and do business.

The greater Ohno metropolitan area population has grown one third through the last decade
and is projected to grow 11.4% in the next five years.

Page 4
 4 Moons Pizzeria
The median age is 36 years old with household incomes averaging $65,895. With a strong local
economy we have a population with disposable cash for dining and entertainment.

According to the Nevada Restaurant Association, Nevada restaurants are expected to lead
the nation in sales growth at 7.6%. Nevada is also the fastest growing state in the union.

4.1 Market Segmentation

4 Moons target market is a three mile radius of site location. Within the three mile operating
radius is a population of 121,705. The total number of households in this area is 48,839 with
an average income of $58,197.

This area is densely populated, and a desirable part of town in which to live. It is an under-
served portion of town, especially to the west up to the Caughlin Ranch area. It is on one of
the most traveled corridors in Ohno, Blue Plum Lane. Located near two of Ohno's most popular
malls, Parklane and Shopper's Square.

Our target market includes adults 20 to 54 years old who socialize and have families. Children
are a big part of our market, at a third of the population is this area. Ages 4 to 19 prefer pizza
over any fast food and often influence family dining decisions. According to one study, 93% of
the U.S. population eats pizza. If we sold one pizza per month with an average of $17.00 per
household, we would generate $721,141 in one month. This illustrates that with effective
marketing, superior product, and proper management we will reach and exceed our projected
sales goals.

In this area we have some of the best schools. 4 Moons Pizzerias provides support for local
area school groups and sports teams, as well as local church groups. We will be involved through
providing sponsorships, discounts, and donations.

Table: Market Analysis

Market Analysis
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Potential Customers Growth CAGR
Ages 0-19 (preferred fast food) 4% 30,426 31,643 32,909 34,225 35,594 4.00%
Ages 20-54 (w/disposable cash) 4% 61,583 64,046 66,608 69,272 72,043 4.00%
Over 55 3% 26,775 27,685 28,626 29,599 30,605 3.40%
Total 3.87% 118,784 123,374 128,143 133,096 138,242 3.87%

Page 5
 4 Moons Pizzeria

4.2 Target Market Segment Strategy

We haven't ruled any one group or class out in our target market area. Just about everyone
eats pizza. Most residents in this area have busy schedules, and find value in exceptional and
timely service, as well as mouth watering, delightful food. We believe most everyone will
appreciate our value based menu and family atmosphere. We have a strong commitment to
community involvement including sponsorship for school/group teams.

We strongly believe we will overcome any competition in our area. The local competition includes
Sticky Paws Pizza, Damynos, Gridlow's Pizza, Hoopla Take-and-Bake, Clodhopper's, and Little
Sayzar. Most of these are at least two miles from our location and are no competition to our
concepts, ideals, fresh products, and welcoming service.

4.3 Service Business Analysis

Pizza Statistics:

Represent 17% of all restaurants.

Americans eat approximately 100 acres of pizza a day.
Pizza is a $32+ billion per year industry with continuing overall restaurant growth.
Accounts for 10% of all food service sales.
93% of Americans eat pizza at least once a month.
67% of Americans order pizza for a casual evening with friends.
Children between 3-11 prefer pizza over all other food groups.

Page 6
 4 Moons Pizzeria

4.3.1 Competition and Buying Patterns

4 Moons Pizzerias are competitive in the mid price point, fast casual dining market. With an
average ticket of $17.00, we are priced above Hoopla Take-and-Bake and Damyno but below
Squaretable.

Quality, Quick, and Simple is the goal of 4 Moons Pizzerias. The customers are provided with
the highest quality product. Store design provides a warm and friendly environment for all.

5.0 Strategy and Implementation Summary

Emphasize service
We will differentiate ourselves with SERVICE! We will establish our business offering as a clear
and viable alternative for our target market.

Build a relationship-oriented business

Build long-term relationships with customers, not single-visit deals. Become their restaurant
and destination of choice. Make them understand the value of the relationship.

Focus on target markets

We need to focus our offerings on specific population groups as the key market segment we
should own. We do not want to compete for the buyers who go to "fast food" or "take and
bake" types of restaurants. We definitely want to be able to sell to smart, quality conscious
customers.

Utilize the various skills of our Managing Owners and learn through the extensive training
program provided by Franchisor.

5.1 Competitive Edge

Clearly our competitive edge will be our customer service experience and management approach.
Our smiling, unassuming, and good natured approach to all of our customers will be evident, and
highly appreciated.

We will constantly monitor our product to ensure quality food and beverage at all times. Our
recipes are delicious, made fresh daily, and our toppings go all the way to the edge of the pizza
crust.

5.2 Marketing Strategy

We will start our marketing during the construction phase. Our main factor in success is simply
that a person can enjoy a good pizza, fast service, and friendly familiar faces.

We will all be involved in Sales and Marketing. We will gather information about the
neighborhoods, use our POS System to track top sellers and gather a customer base for
marketing offers.

Page 7
 4 Moons Pizzeria
Kids school tours
Gift Certificate Program
Phone book advertisement
Coupons
Door hangers
Sporting events for schools and group events
Eye catching signage
Excellent service and high quality food
Word of mouth

5.3 Sales Strategy

The marketing strategy discussed previously in this business plan will generate the desired sales.

We require our staff to have a thorough and comprehensive understanding of the menus,
ingredients and methods of preparation of all of our foods. We train our staff to always
describe and recommend items, even to regular customers, and to always up-sell. The key to our
employee's success in up-selling is the realization that it almost always brings in better tips
because the checks are higher.

We will emphasize service to differentiate ourselves. We will establish our business offerings as a
clear and viable alternative for our target market, from the scores of "slow delivery", "frozen
dough", and "your average" pizza chains.

We will build long-term relationships with our customers, becoming their destination of choice for
delivery, take out, and dine in. We will sell ourselves as the best neighborhood and community
pizzeria.

5.3.1 Sales Forecast

We are forecasting sales of approximately $677,000 in our first fiscal year (May 2005 to April
2006) with an opening date of mid-May 2005. We foresee sales increasing at .5% monthly, an
overall yearly rate of 6% per year. Our forecast is conservative and is based on an average of
$17.00 average per order.

We are convinced that our business will increase with time. We have a strong management
team who will be on property daily to monitor daily operations. We will constantly watch food
quality, customer service, and costs.

Page 8
 4 Moons Pizzeria

Table: Sales Forecast

Sales Forecast
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Sales
Total Restaurant Sales $677,297 $717,935 $761,011
Other $0 $0 $0
Total Sales $677,297 $717,935 $761,011

Direct Cost of Sales Year 1 Year 2 Year 3

Cost of Sales $135,461 $143,590 $152,206
Other $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Direct Cost of Sales $135,461 $143,590 $152,206

Page 9
 4 Moons Pizzeria

6.0 Management Summary

4 Moons consists of four members with an equal concern in our franchise. We will owner
operate our pizzeria daily. We will keep our starting salaries low to keep labor costs down.
Each member contributes with a generalized assignment as well as being trained in all restaurant
operations, including making pizza, working the counter, and delivering pizza. We are an
extremely experienced, and well balanced team.

Please see our attached resumes for a precise summary.*

Carol Mittani will be General Manager working every day to insure success. Steve Solutrian,
Diane Solutrian, and Rikard Mittani will be on site various hours, and during peak dinner hours
to help with general operational tasks, plus opening to closing hours on the weekend.

* Confidential and proprietary information omitted from this sample plan.

6.1 Personnel Plan

We plan to have a part-time staff to include pizza makers, delivery drivers, and counter
persons. We are planning on a staff of 10 employees to come on at peak business levels.

Our first month will have a higher labor rate due to training, pre-opening preparation and
grand opening labor.

We have forecasted labor at 18% of gross sales. We will strive to keep our payroll at 18% or
lower.

Page 10
 4 Moons Pizzeria

Table: Personnel
Personnel Plan
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Wages $126,738 $129,228 $136,982
Other $0 $0 $0
Total People 14 14 14

Total Payroll $126,738 $129,228 $136,982

Page 11
 4 Moons Pizzeria

7.0 Financial Plan

Our main concerns will be aggressive time management to keep labor costs under control. Proper
purchasing, food preparation and handling, and control of cheese consumption to keep food costs
down. Growth will be sustained through increased sales.

7.1 Start-up Funding

Our start-up figures are approximate costs for start-up of a 4 Moons Pizzeria franchise as
prescribed by the Franchisor.

4 Moons has $160,000 initial investment, $25,000 of which will cover the franchise fee.

Our estimated start up is $505,000. We are seeking an SBA Loan in the amount of $345,000
(see Long term liability line).

Table: Start-up Funding

Start-up Funding
Start-up Expenses to Fund $266,207
Start-up Assets to Fund $238,793
Total Funding Required $505,000

Assets
Non-cash Assets from Start-up $151,507
Cash Requirements from Start-up $87,286
Additional Cash Raised $0
Cash Balance on Starting Date $87,286
Total Assets $238,793

Liabilities and Capital

Liabilities
Current Borrowing $0
Long-term Liabilities $345,000
Accounts Payable (Outstanding Bills) $0
Other Current Liabilities (interest-free) $0
Total Liabilities $345,000

Capital

Planned Investment
Solutrian, Steve and Diane $75,000
Mittani, Rikard and Carol $75,000
Additional Investment Requirement $10,000
Total Planned Investment $160,000

Loss at Start-up (Start-up Expenses) ($266,207)

Total Capital ($106,207)

Total Capital and Liabilities $238,793

Total Funding $505,000

Page 12
 4 Moons Pizzeria

7.2 Important Assumptions

We are projecting profit based on the performance of other franchises and our own
judgement based on the following:

We assume by using marketing strategies, sales strategies, good customer relationships,

fresh food, and good management practices, we will succeed.
In order to meet the sales goal in the first year, open for at least 360 days, we would
have to sell 111 checks each day with a $17 per check average.
Our sales each day should reach an minimum average of $1,881.43.
Our forecast is based on an average. Some months will increase and others decrease.
We do not predict any major decreases in sales, as Ohno area restaurants are busy all
year round.

Table: General Assumptions

General Assumptions
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Plan Month 1 2 3
Current Interest Rate 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Long-term Interest Rate 7.00% 7.00% 7.00%
Tax Rate 30.00% 30.00% 30.00%
Other 0 0 0

Page 13
 4 Moons Pizzeria

7.3 Break-even Analysis

Break-even based on fixed costs including rent, insurance, maintenance, investor note, and pre-
opening amortization. Additionally, controllables such as service labor, kitchen labor,
management labor, excess rent, advertising, royalty, and legal/professional fees are included.

Table: Break-even Analysis

Break-even Analysis

Monthly Revenue Break-even $22,254

Assumptions:
Average Percent Variable Cost 20%
Estimated Monthly Fixed Cost $17,804

Page 14
 4 Moons Pizzeria

7.4 Projected Profit and Loss

As the Profit and Loss table shows, the company expects to continue its steady growth in
profitability over the next three years. We predicted a conservative 6% per year increase in
sales.

The first month may have higher payroll due to employee training and restaurant set up.

Our operating expenses include rent at $4,242 estimate per month, royalty fees of 5% of gross
sales, equipment rental and repair, utilities projected at 11% of gross sales, administrative
charges including PC charges, cleaning supplies, payroll charges, and office supplies.

Marketing fees are 4% of gross sales per month.

Page 15
4 Moons Pizzeria

Page 16
 4 Moons Pizzeria

Table: Profit and Loss

Pro Forma Profit and Loss
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Sales $677,297 $717,935 $761,011
Direct Cost of Sales $135,461 $143,590 $152,206
Other Costs of Sales $0 $0 $0
Total Cost of Sales $135,461 $143,590 $152,206

Gross Margin $541,836 $574,345 $608,805

Gross Margin % 80.00% 80.00% 80.00%

Expenses
Payroll $126,738 $129,228 $136,982
Marketing/Promotion $0 $0 $0
Depreciation $30,000 $30,000 $30,000
Rent $50,904 $50,904 $52,431
Royalty fees $0 $0 $0
Equip rent/repair $3,000 $5,400 $5,400
Utilities $0 $0 $0
Admin charges $3,000 $3,000 $3,000

Total Operating Expenses $213,642 $218,532 $227,813

Profit Before Interest and Taxes $328,194 $355,813 $380,992

EBITDA $358,194 $385,813 $410,992
Interest Expense $23,367 $21,648 $19,738
Taxes Incurred $91,448 $100,249 $108,376

Net Profit $213,378 $233,915 $252,878

Net Profit/Sales 31.50% 32.58% 33.23%

Page 17
 4 Moons Pizzeria

7.5 Projected Cash Flow

The cash flow depends on assumptions for good daily operational management, good traffic
counts in the restaurant, inventory turnover, payment days, and accounts receivable
management. We do not predict any new financing until we open our second franchise.

Principal amounts are based on a loan of $345,000 with a 10 year SBA Loan at 7% interest.

Table: Cash Flow

Pro Forma Cash Flow
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Cash Received

Cash from Operations

Cash Sales $677,297 $717,935 $761,011
Subtotal Cash from Operations $677,297 $717,935 $761,011

Additional Cash Received

Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received $0 $0 $0
New Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0
New Other Liabilities (interest-free) $0 $0 $0
New Long-term Liabilities $0 $0 $0
Sales of Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0
Sales of Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0
New Investment Received $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Cash Received $677,297 $717,935 $761,011

Expenditures Year 1 Year 2 Year 3

Expenditures from Operations

Cash Spending $126,738 $129,228 $136,982
Bill Payments $276,887 $324,826 $340,198
Subtotal Spent on Operations $403,625 $454,054 $477,180

Additional Cash Spent

Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out $0 $0 $0
Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0
Other Liabilities Principal Repayment $0 $0 $0
Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment $22,576 $26,332 $28,237
Purchase Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0
Purchase Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0
Dividends $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Cash Spent $426,201 $480,386 $505,417

Net Cash Flow $251,096 $237,549 $255,594

Cash Balance $338,382 $575,931 $831,525

Page 18
4 Moons Pizzeria

Page 19
 4 Moons Pizzeria

7.6 Projected Balance Sheet

The balance sheet is quite solid. We do not project any real trouble meeting our debt
obligations--as long as we can achieve our specific sales objectives.

Table: Balance Sheet

Pro Forma Balance Sheet
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Assets

Current Assets
Cash $338,382 $575,931 $831,525
Inventory $6,044 $6,471 $6,859
Other Current Assets $41,775 $41,775 $41,775
Total Current Assets $386,201 $624,177 $880,159

Long-term Assets
Long-term Assets $99,732 $99,732 $99,732
Accumulated Depreciation $30,000 $60,000 $90,000
Total Long-term Assets $69,732 $39,732 $9,732
Total Assets $455,933 $663,909 $889,891

Liabilities and Capital Year 1 Year 2 Year 3

Current Liabilities
Accounts Payable $26,338 $26,730 $28,072
Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0
Other Current Liabilities $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Current Liabilities $26,338 $26,730 $28,072

Long-term Liabilities $322,424 $296,092 $267,855

Total Liabilities $348,762 $322,822 $295,927

Paid-in Capital $160,000 $160,000 $160,000

Retained Earnings ($266,207) ($52,829) $181,086
Earnings $213,378 $233,915 $252,878
Total Capital $107,171 $341,086 $593,964
Total Liabilities and Capital $455,933 $663,909 $889,891

Net Worth $107,171 $341,086 $593,964

Page 20
 4 Moons Pizzeria

7.7 Business Ratios

The company's projected business ratios are provided in the following table. The final column,
Industry Profile, shows ratios for the "Pizza Restaurant Industry", as determined by the Standard
Industry Classification 5812.0600 with annual sales of $500,000 to $999,000.

Table: Ratios
Ratio Analysis
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Industry Profile
Sales Growth n.a. 6.00% 6.00% 5.24%

Percent of Total Assets

Inventory 1.33% 0.97% 0.77% 4.34%
Other Current Assets 9.16% 6.29% 4.69% 35.11%
Total Current Assets 84.71% 94.02% 98.91% 43.74%
Long-term Assets 15.29% 5.98% 1.09% 56.26%
Total Assets 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

Current Liabilities 5.78% 4.03% 3.15% 18.93%

Long-term Liabilities 70.72% 44.60% 30.10% 25.48%
Total Liabilities 76.49% 48.62% 33.25% 44.41%
Net Worth 23.51% 51.38% 66.75% 55.59%

Percent of Sales
Sales 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
Gross Margin 80.00% 80.00% 80.00% 61.91%
Selling, General & Administrative Expenses 48.50% 47.42% 46.77% 39.08%
Advertising Expenses 4.43% 0.00% 0.00% 2.55%
Profit Before Interest and Taxes 48.46% 49.56% 50.06% 1.38%

Main Ratios
Current 14.66 23.35 31.35 1.14
Quick 14.43 23.11 31.11 0.79
Total Debt to Total Assets 76.49% 48.62% 33.25% 49.97%
Pre-tax Return on Net Worth 284.43% 97.97% 60.82% 3.97%
Pre-tax Return on Assets 66.86% 50.33% 40.60% 7.93%

Additional Ratios Year 1 Year 2 Year 3

Net Profit Margin 31.50% 32.58% 33.23% n.a
Return on Equity 199.10% 68.58% 42.57% n.a

Activity Ratios
Inventory Turnover 23.52 22.95 22.84 n.a
Accounts Payable Turnover 11.51 12.17 12.17 n.a
Payment Days 27 30 29 n.a
Total Asset Turnover 1.49 1.08 0.86 n.a

Debt Ratios
Debt to Net Worth 3.25 0.95 0.50 n.a
Current Liab. to Liab. 0.08 0.08 0.09 n.a

Liquidity Ratios
Net Working Capital $359,863 $597,446 $852,087 n.a
Interest Coverage 14.04 16.44 19.30 n.a

Additional Ratios
Assets to Sales 0.67 0.92 1.17 n.a
Current Debt/Total Assets 6% 4% 3% n.a
Acid Test 14.43 23.11 31.11 n.a
Sales/Net Worth 6.32 2.10 1.28 n.a
Dividend Payout 0.00 0.00 0.00 n.a

Page 21
 Appendix
Table: Sales Forecast

Sales Forecast
Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Sales
Total Restaurant Sales 0% $28,750 $57,500 $57,788 $58,076 $58,366 $58,658 $58,952 $59,246 $59,542 $59,840 $60,139 $60,440
Other 0% $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Total Sales $28,750 $57,500 $57,788 $58,076 $58,366 $58,658 $58,952 $59,246 $59,542 $59,840 $60,139 $60,440

Direct Cost of Sales Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Cost of Sales $5,750 $11,500 $11,557 $11,616 $11,673 $11,732 $11,791 $11,849 $11,909 $11,968 $12,028 $12,088
Other $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Direct Cost of Sales $5,750 $11,500 $11,557 $11,616 $11,673 $11,732 $11,791 $11,849 $11,909 $11,968 $12,028 $12,088

Page 1
 Appendix
Table: Personnel

Personnel Plan
Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Wages 18% $10,000 $10,350 $10,402 $10,454 $10,506 $10,558 $10,611 $10,664 $10,718 $10,771 $10,825 $10,879
Other 0% $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Total People 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14

Total Payroll $10,000 $10,350 $10,402 $10,454 $10,506 $10,558 $10,611 $10,664 $10,718 $10,771 $10,825 $10,879

Page 2
 Appendix
Table: Profit and Loss

Pro Forma Profit and Loss

Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Sales $28,750 $57,500 $57,788 $58,076 $58,366 $58,658 $58,952 $59,246 $59,542 $59,840 $60,139 $60,440
Direct Cost of Sales $5,750 $11,500 $11,557 $11,616 $11,673 $11,732 $11,791 $11,849 $11,909 $11,968 $12,028 $12,088
Other Costs of Sales $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Total Cost of Sales $5,750 $11,500 $11,557 $11,616 $11,673 $11,732 $11,791 $11,849 $11,909 $11,968 $12,028 $12,088

Gross Margin $23,000 $46,000 $46,231 $46,460 $46,693 $46,926 $47,161 $47,397 $47,633 $47,872 $48,111 $48,352
Gross Margin % 80.00% 80.00% 80.00% 80.00% 80.00% 80.00% 80.00% 80.00% 80.00% 80.00% 80.00% 80.00%

Expenses
Payroll $10,000 $10,350 $10,402 $10,454 $10,506 $10,558 $10,611 $10,664 $10,718 $10,771 $10,825 $10,879
Marketing/Promotion 4% $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Depreciation $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500
Rent $4,242 $4,242 $4,242 $4,242 $4,242 $4,242 $4,242 $4,242 $4,242 $4,242 $4,242 $4,242
Royalty fees 5% $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Equip rent/repair $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250
Utilities 11% $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Admin charges $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250

Total Operating Expenses $17,242 $17,592 $17,644 $17,696 $17,748 $17,800 $17,853 $17,906 $17,960 $18,013 $18,067 $18,121

Profit Before Interest and Taxes $5,758 $28,408 $28,587 $28,764 $28,945 $29,126 $29,308 $29,491 $29,673 $29,859 $30,044 $30,231
EBITDA $8,258 $30,908 $31,087 $31,264 $31,445 $31,626 $31,808 $31,991 $32,173 $32,359 $32,544 $32,731
Interest Expense $2,013 $2,001 $1,989 $1,977 $1,966 $1,954 $1,942 $1,930 $1,918 $1,905 $1,893 $1,881
Taxes Incurred $1,124 $7,922 $7,979 $8,036 $8,094 $8,152 $8,210 $8,268 $8,327 $8,386 $8,445 $8,505

Net Profit $2,622 $18,485 $18,619 $18,751 $18,886 $19,020 $19,156 $19,293 $19,429 $19,567 $19,706 $19,845
Net Profit/Sales 9.12% 32.15% 32.22% 32.29% 32.36% 32.43% 32.49% 32.56% 32.63% 32.70% 32.77% 32.83%

Page 3
 Appendix
Table: Cash Flow

Pro Forma Cash Flow

Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Cash Received

Cash from Operations

Cash Sales $28,750 $57,500 $57,788 $58,076 $58,366 $58,658 $58,952 $59,246 $59,542 $59,840 $60,139 $60,440
Subtotal Cash from Operations $28,750 $57,500 $57,788 $58,076 $58,366 $58,658 $58,952 $59,246 $59,542 $59,840 $60,139 $60,440

Additional Cash Received

Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received 0.00% $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
New Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
New Other Liabilities (interest-free) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
New Long-term Liabilities $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Sales of Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Sales of Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
New Investment Received $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Cash Received $28,750 $57,500 $57,788 $58,076 $58,366 $58,658 $58,952 $59,246 $59,542 $59,840 $60,139 $60,440

Expenditures Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12

Expenditures from Operations

Cash Spending $10,000 $10,350 $10,402 $10,454 $10,506 $10,558 $10,611 $10,664 $10,718 $10,771 $10,825 $10,879
Bill Payments $263 $8,538 $27,619 $26,300 $26,404 $26,506 $26,612 $26,717 $26,822 $26,929 $27,034 $27,142
Subtotal Spent on Operations $10,263 $18,888 $38,021 $36,753 $36,910 $37,065 $37,224 $37,382 $37,539 $37,700 $37,860 $38,021

Additional Cash Spent

Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Other Liabilities Principal Repayment $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment $0 $1,993 $2,005 $2,017 $2,028 $2,040 $2,052 $2,064 $2,076 $2,088 $2,100 $2,113
Purchase Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Purchase Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Dividends $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Cash Spent $10,263 $20,881 $40,026 $38,770 $38,938 $39,105 $39,276 $39,446 $39,615 $39,788 $39,960 $40,134

Net Cash Flow $18,487 $36,619 $17,762 $19,306 $19,428 $19,553 $19,676 $19,800 $19,927 $20,052 $20,179 $20,306
Cash Balance $105,773 $142,393 $160,154 $179,460 $198,888 $218,441 $238,117 $257,918 $277,845 $297,897 $318,076 $338,382

Page 4
 Appendix
Table: Balance Sheet

Pro Forma Balance Sheet

Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Assets Starting Balances

Current Assets
Cash $87,286 $105,773 $142,393 $160,154 $179,460 $198,888 $218,441 $238,117 $257,918 $277,845 $297,897 $318,076 $338,382
Inventory $10,000 $4,250 $5,750 $5,779 $5,808 $5,837 $5,866 $5,896 $5,925 $5,955 $5,984 $6,014 $6,044
Other Current Assets $41,775 $41,775 $41,775 $41,775 $41,775 $41,775 $41,775 $41,775 $41,775 $41,775 $41,775 $41,775 $41,775
Total Current Assets $139,061 $151,798 $189,918 $207,708 $227,043 $246,499 $266,082 $285,788 $305,617 $325,574 $345,656 $365,865 $386,201

Long-term Assets
Long-term Assets $99,732 $99,732 $99,732 $99,732 $99,732 $99,732 $99,732 $99,732 $99,732 $99,732 $99,732 $99,732 $99,732
Accumulated Depreciation $0 $2,500 $5,000 $7,500 $10,000 $12,500 $15,000 $17,500 $20,000 $22,500 $25,000 $27,500 $30,000
Total Long-term Assets $99,732 $97,232 $94,732 $92,232 $89,732 $87,232 $84,732 $82,232 $79,732 $77,232 $74,732 $72,232 $69,732
Total Assets $238,793 $249,030 $284,650 $299,940 $316,775 $333,731 $350,814 $368,020 $385,349 $402,806 $420,388 $438,097 $455,933

Liabilities and Capital Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12

Current Liabilities
Accounts Payable $0 $7,616 $26,743 $25,420 $25,521 $25,620 $25,722 $25,824 $25,924 $26,028 $26,130 $26,234 $26,338
Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Other Current Liabilities $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Current Liabilities $0 $7,616 $26,743 $25,420 $25,521 $25,620 $25,722 $25,824 $25,924 $26,028 $26,130 $26,234 $26,338

Long-term Liabilities $345,000 $345,000 $343,007 $341,002 $338,985 $336,957 $334,917 $332,865 $330,801 $328,725 $326,637 $324,537 $322,424
Total Liabilities $345,000 $352,616 $369,750 $366,422 $364,506 $362,577 $360,639 $358,689 $356,725 $354,753 $352,767 $350,771 $348,762

Paid-in Capital $160,000 $160,000 $160,000 $160,000 $160,000 $160,000 $160,000 $160,000 $160,000 $160,000 $160,000 $160,000 $160,000
Retained Earnings ($266,207) ($266,207) ($266,207) ($266,207) ($266,207) ($266,207) ($266,207) ($266,207) ($266,207) ($266,207) ($266,207) ($266,207) ($266,207)
Earnings $0 $2,622 $21,107 $39,725 $58,476 $77,362 $96,382 $115,538 $134,831 $154,260 $173,828 $193,533 $213,378
Total Capital ($106,207) ($103,585) ($85,100) ($66,482) ($47,731) ($28,845) ($9,825) $9,331 $28,624 $48,053 $67,621 $87,326 $107,171
Total Liabilities and Capital $238,793 $249,030 $284,650 $299,940 $316,775 $333,731 $350,814 $368,020 $385,349 $402,806 $420,388 $438,097 $455,933

Net Worth ($106,207) ($103,585) ($85,100) ($66,482) ($47,731) ($28,845) ($9,825) $9,331 $28,624 $48,053 $67,621 $87,326 $107,171

Page 5
 Appendix
Table: General Assumptions

General Assumptions
Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Plan Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Current Interest Rate 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Long-term Interest Rate 7.00% 7.00% 7.00% 7.00% 7.00% 7.00% 7.00% 7.00% 7.00% 7.00% 7.00% 7.00%
Tax Rate Tax Rate 30.00% 30.00% 30.00% 30.00% 30.00% 30.00% 30.00% 30.00% 30.00% 30.00% 30.00% 30.00%
Other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Page 6