CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 GENERAL

Steel is the most frequently utilized basic metal in structural building because of its more
prominent quality, viable ductility and simple to manufacture. Additionally, because of its high
quality and generally light weight implies, less dead weight, it can convey overwhelming burdens.
steel has turned into a reasonable material for making long traverse structures, because of steel's
great stiffness, the defection requires not exceptional audit. In opposition to concrete, steel member
can be effortlessly get into shape by drilling, cutting, and so forth. Steel members can be assembled
effectively by welding, riveting and bolting.

Steel joints have dependably been considered as a significant piece of any auxiliary steel building
since they give strong connections between the vital basic components (Marwan saraj, July 2007).
The properties and behavior of joints in either steel or composite structures have been to a great
extent considered for quite a while. The objective has recently been on remodeling the design of
structural frames by taking interest of realistic connection moment-rotation response. This has
required the improvement of an effective and practicable technique to portray steel connection
behavior, despite of its essential unpredictability.

Current structural failure caused by fire have fixated consideration on study about fire safety in
building design. Steel connections are the objective of the examinations as they provide links
among the major structural members. Seeing the significance of this issue, this paper portrays steel

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bolted connection when exposed to fire by using computer modelling to envisage the performance
of bolted angle under fire.

1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Connections in a steel structure are remarkably urgent components in exchanging burden, for
example, gravity, wind and seismic load. Hence, it is crucial to get a comprehension at their
physical performance. Previously , experimental method has been utilized broadly to experiment
the behavior of steel bolted connections. Nevertheless, it is costly and occasionally hard to achieve.
A substitute is the usage of finite element modelling and analysis, but the outcomes need to be
graded contrary to a good experimental test data.

Hence, this paper is proposed to convey finite element modelling using Abaqus software to
investigate and to study the behavior of steel bolted connection under fire.

1.3 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

The aim of this research is to achieve the following objectives of the structural performance of
steel bolted connection exposed to natural fire.
To model the steel connection (beam-column) using Abaqus software in 3D
To determine the experimental test and compare its result with the computer modelling
result.

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1.4 SCOPE OF STUDY

The experimental work will be centered principally on steel bolted connection and use computer
modelling (ABAQUS) to expose it to fire. The connection has been chosen as beam to column
connection, (fin plate connection). It consists of beam (356x171x51 UB) and column
(305x305x198). ABAQUS will be used to model the steel bolted connection. The outcome will be
equated with the existing experimental result.
The main scope of study is as follow:
This research paper concentrates on the behavior of steel bolted connection
Bolted connection in fire
Modeling the beam-column connection using Abaqus and apply fire

1.5 SIGNIFICANT OF STUDY

This paper research significance will be the outcomes of analysis the behavior of beam to column
steel bolted connection expose to fire using Abaqus software. It is essential to relate the
temperature time curve from the finite element analysis and that of the experimental testing. The
aim is to control the accuracy of the systematic method (+- 10%) and to validate the forecasted
strength of the beam-column bolted connection exposed to fire.

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Appendix: Turnitin