Sei sulla pagina 1di 4

Synopsis

Title: Automatic Fan

Features
1. REAL time FAN speed control.
2. Linear variation throughout the range.
3. Firing angle control with zero cross detection.
4. Low power consumption.
5. Compact due to use of microcontroller.
6. Simple and low cost.

PROJECT CYCLE
1. Specification of the Project.
2. PCB Layout.
3. Device Test.
4. Code Implementation.
5. Program Test.
6. Pilot Run.
7. Documentation.

Block Diagram:
ATMEL Opto triac
AT89C51
ADC Microcontr
0804 oller

TRIAC

Temperature
sensor 230V A C
FAN

Description

Temperature is a Physical parameter which is converted into Electrical parameter by


device called Temperature Transducer. Transducer is also referred to as SENSOR.

The most common transducer produces an output voltage, current, capacitance and
resistance. However we need to convert these signals to voltage in order to send input to
an A- D converter. This conversion (modification) is commonly called signal
conditioning. Signal conditioning can be a current to voltage conversion or signal
amplification.

For example, the thermistor changes resistance with temperature. The change of
resistance must be translated into voltages in order to be of any use to an ADC.

ADC (Analog to digital) converters are among the most widely used devices for data
acquisition. Computers use binary (discrete) values, but in the physical world everything
is analog (continuous) most.

The most important parameter of an ADC is resolution. The higher resolution ADC
provides a smaller step size, where step size is the smallest change that can be discerned
by an ADC. In addition to resolution, conversion time is another major factor in judging
an ADC. Conversion time is defined as the time it the ADC to convert the analog input to
a digital number.

The ADC chips are either parallel or serial ADC. In parallel ADC, we have 8 or more pins
dedicated to bringing out the binary data, but in serial ADC we have only one pin for data
out.

Opto triac is connected to isolated 230V A C from 5V DC. Triac control the load (FAN).
Microcontroller is the central component which reads data (temperature) from ADC and
controls the opto triac.

In order to do all the activities a program (sequence of instruction) must be written for the
microcontroller. This program is called firmware. In order to execute the program,
Microcontroller requires basic configuration like 5V regulated power supply, clock, and
reset circuit.

Microcontroller and ICs requires 5V regulated power supply, which is obtained from
230V AC by using step down transformer , rectifier, filter and regulators.

Software

1. KEIL Uv2 IDE.

2. EMBEDDED C PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE.

3. ATMEL PROGRAMMER.

Tools for schematic design

1. CAPTURE CIS (ORCAD)

Hardware

1. ATMEL 89C51 controller,

2. ADC 0804,

3. LM 35 TEMPERATURE SENSOR,

4. OPTO TRIAC,

5. TRIAC

6. LOAD,

7. PCB for microcontroller unit, Reset switches, resistors etc,

8. Crystal 11.0592 MHz


Working Principle

When the power is applied to microcontroller, it initializes ADC0804, OPTO TRIAC.


Then it reads the temperature from ADC 0804 through LM 35. Depending upon the
temperature the FAN speed varies.
For 50 degree Celsius the FAN rotates at maximum speed.
For 25 degree Celsius the FAN doesnt rotate. For the range from 25 to 50, there is
linear variation in the FAN speed.

Potrebbero piacerti anche