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Design
330:148 (g)
Objectives
Machine Design Field of activities in Machine Design
Course Details
Nageswara Rao Posinasetti
1
Background for Machine
Definition of Engineering
Design
.that profession in which knowledge of Technical drawing
the mathematical and natural sciences Kinematics
gained by study, experience and practice Mechanics
is applied with judgement to develop ways
to utilise, economically, the materials and Materials engineering
forces of nature for the benefit of the Strength of materials
mankind. (ABET) Manufacturing processes
Philosophy of Machine
Check list for Designers
Design
Requires fundamentals of knowledge Does it satisfy the need?
No memorisation of formulae or tables of Will it be competitive?
data Is it economical to produce?
Build upon old ideas Can it be readily maintained?
Be innovative and search for ideas Will it sell and make a profit?
2
Design process elements Recognition of need
Thermal expansion
Strain, e
3
Information in Machine
Design problem
Design
Cantilever beam Catalogues
Max bending moment = 300 36
= 10,800 in-
Catalogue services - CDROM
in-lb
Stress in the beam, S = M/Z Internet
S = 10,800 32 / (
( d3) Yellow pages
Allowable stress = 61,000 / 2 = 30,500 psi
Equating the above two, and solving
Trade publications
d = 1.533 in = 1.625 in (preferred size) Trade shows
Deflection = -FL3 / (3EI) = 0.455 in Product registers
60
Cost estimates
piece
0
1 10 100 1000
Production Quantity
4
Safety and product liability
Manufacturer of an article is liable for any
damage or harm that results because of a
defect.
Good Engineering
Analysis
Design
Quality control
Computational tools
Module 1-3a
Properties of Rectangular Cross Sections
b/2
MathCad h x
C
h/2
MATLAB
b
TK Solver b=
h=
2.000
1.000
in
in
width
height
Area = 2.000 in
Excel or Lotus 1- A = bh
1-2-3 4
Ix = 0.166667 in b h3
Ix=
CAD and FEA 12
4
Iy = 0.666667 in h b3
Iy=
12
kx = 0.288675 in
Ix
kx =
A
Courtesy: M.F.Spotts Design
ky = 0.333333 in Iy of Machine Elements
ky =
August 15, 2007 P N Rao 27 August 15, 2007 P N Rao A 28
b
b= 3.000 in width
h= 2.000 in height
Area = 6.000 in
A = bh
4
Ix = 2 in b h3
Ix=
12
4
Iy = 4.5 in h b3
Iy=
12
kx = 0.57735 in
Ix
kx =
A
Courtesy: M.F.Spotts Design
ky = 0.75 in Iy of Machine Elements
ky=
August 15, 2007 P N Rao A 29 August 15, 2007 P N Rao 30
5
Problem using FEA (contd..) Problem using FEA (contd..)
Next try 1.5 in dia; Max stress = 32,599 higher Next try 1.625 in dia; Max stress = 25,635 lower
than the allowable 30,500 psi than the allowable 30,500 psi - Acceptable
http://www.sv.vt.edu/classes/ESM2204/ESM2204_kriz_NoteBook/moments/moments.html http://www.sv.vt.edu/classes/ESM2204/ESM2204_kriz_NoteBook/moments/moments.html
6
http://www.sv.vt.edu/classes/ESM2204/ESM2204_kriz_NoteBook/moments/moments.html http://www.sv.vt.edu/classes/ESM2204/ESM2204_kriz_NoteBook/moments/moments.html
http://www.sv.vt.edu/classes/ESM2204/ESM2204_kriz_NoteBook/moments/moments.html http://www.sv.vt.edu/classes/ESM2204/ESM2204_kriz_NoteBook/moments/moments.html
http://www.sv.vt.edu/classes/ESM2204/ESM2204_kriz_NoteBook/moments/moments.html
7
http://www.sv.vt.edu/classes/ESM2204/ESM2204_kriz_NoteBook/moments/moments.html http://www.sv.vt.edu/classes/ESM2204/ESM2204_kriz_NoteBook/moments/moments.html
8
Evaluation procedure Examinations
Examinations during the semester are not
Examinations (3) 35% comprehensive.
Home work (10) 40% Final examination is comprehensive.
Questions may be in the form of problems, short
Design project 15% answers, fill in the blank and/or True/False.
Class participation 10% During the tests you can make use of the textbook
and class work for referring the equations or any data required for
solving the problems.
You may also bring one sheet on which the
necessary equations are written. (see p. 497
502)
August 15, 2007 P N Rao 49 August 15, 2007 P N Rao 50
Research Paper
Design Project - Report
(Graduate students only)
Functions of the project They are expected to do a detailed study
of a topic relevant to the course content,
Design requirements subject to the approval of the instructor.
Selection criteria used The topic and a brief written description
Design alternatives examined for the various are to be submitted to the instructor by
components September, 15th.
Detailed design of the individual components The type written, 8 to 12 page APA format
in the system such as housing, gears, shafts, paper is to be submitted by December 8th
bearings, seals, etc.
Final assembly of the designed power
transmission
August 15, 2007 P N Rao 53 August 15, 2007 P N Rao 54
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Grading Summary
Design is an exciting and fulfilling activity
Percentage Grade Percentage Grade for an engineer.
range range Design requires basic knowledge in a
95 100 A 90 94 A- number of disciplines.
87 89 B+ 84 86 B Design engineer should be a person with
80 83 B- 77 79 C+ sound judgement and wide experience.
74 76 C 70 73 C-
67 69 D+ 64 66 D
60 63 D- < 60 F
August 15, 2007 P N Rao 55 August 15, 2007 P N Rao 56
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