Observation:

From what we have observe the Light Emitted Diode (LED) is connected in parallel using bread board as
a circuit. The LED is a two-lead semiconductor light source. It is a pn junction diode, which emits light
when activated. And a breadboard is a construction base for prototyping of electronics. Also the parallel
circuit is one that has two or more paths for the electricity flow, the loads are parallel to each other.

The voltage we used is the power source it is give voltage source and the ampere source through
connecting the red (+) and the black wire (-) from the power source. When a suitable voltage is applied
to the leads, electrons are able to recombine with electron holes within the device, releasing energy in
the form of photons. This effect is called electroluminescence. The photon is discrete energy packets
during the transmission of light. The electroluminescence is one of the few instances in which a direct
conversion of electric energy into visible light takes place without the generation of heat, such as occurs
in the incandescent lamp, and the color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the photon) is
determined by the energy band gap of the semiconductor. The voltage we use is 1.5V, 3V, 6V, 9V, and
12V

We testing the 1.5V and there is no light emitted to the LED. Testing the 3V and the four LED produce
light equally, but the voltage is drop by 0.041V in our experiment. Testing the 6V and the four LED
produced light unequally and the other LED is damage because the high voltage source using, the
voltage is drop by 0.96V in our experiment. Testing the 9V and only one LED (color green) produced
light, the other three is not functioning, the voltage is drop by 3.19 in our experiment. Testing the 12V
and only one LED (color green) produced light, the other three is not functioning, the voltage is drop by
7.34V in our experiment.

In our LED has the capacity of holding the voltage of 1.25V-3V, Most LEDs were made in the very
common 5 mm and 3 mm packages, but with rising power output, it has grown increasingly necessary
to shed excess heat to maintain reliability, so more complex packages have been adapted for efficient
heat dissipation. The color of our LED is green, yellow, orange, and red, Conventional LEDs are made
from a variety of inorganic semiconductor materials. The following table shows the available colors with
wavelength range, voltage drop and material:

The green shows the Wavelength 500-570 nm and the voltage drop is 1.9V-4V.

The yellow shows the wavelength 570-590 nm and the voltage drop is 2.10V-2.18V.

The orange shows the wavelength 590-610 nm and the voltage drop is 2.03V-2.10V.

The red shows the wavelength 610-670 nm and the voltage drop is 1.63V-2.03V.