Hot Oil System

1. Main function of hot oil

To supply heat to ISBL process by increase the temperature and supply heat for the steam generators.

2. Main hot oil users in plant

-For flush system-increase the temperature for crystallization.
-Hydrogenation reactor.
-Kettle steam generator.

3. Function of furnace and how it works.

Furnace is use to provide hot oil as a process heating medium and comprises all of the equipment
needed to burn the fuel. The heaters are identical

4. Furnace type
-Natural draft furnace: do not use an artificial means of creating draft but uses natural tendency for hot
gases to rise.
-Forced draft furnace: combustion air is furnished to the burners of a furnace with the assistance of
fans.
-Induced draft furnace: movement of combustion gases from the the furnace to the stack is assisted by
fans.
-Balanced draft furnace: furnaces have fans placed on both the intake and flue sides of the firebox.
AB101 is the direct-fired heat exchanger.

5.
6. Heat transfer principles
Conduction: transfer of heat through a substance, or transfer of heat from direct physical contact of one
substance with another.
Convection: transfer of heat by the flow of heated fluid.
Radiation: process of transmitting heat energy in the form of waves.

7. Input and Output of furnace

loss

N.G. Furnace

input output

air

Fuel used in the furnace: natural gas, biogas and pilot gas.

8. 9. 10.
a) Energy pick up by hot oil from furnace.

=
2.671
= (1345000 /)( )(326 303 )
.
7
= 8.3 10 /
b) Energy pick up by steam from hot oil

=

= (8000 /)(2.582 )(303 315 )
.
5
= -2.5 10 /

c) Energy utilize by ISBL process

Energy at kettle boilers

=
= (28 )(1800 /)
= 50400

d) Energy release by Natural Gas.

NG calorific value = 38.6 /3

= (2849 3 /) (38.6 /3 )
= 109971.4 /

e) Furnace efficiency

Efficiency of the furnace can be improve by reduce the air infiltration by sealed the openings. Furnace
typically operates at an internal pressure which is less than atmospheric or negative. Therefore, any
openings in the furnace will allow ambient air to be infiltrated or leaked into the box and result of this
leakage has the same effect on flue gas rates as operating at high excess air levels through the burners.