January 31 (Wed) PM, 2007

Comparison for Seismic Standard

between Japan and Mongolia

Tadashi Sugano
Tomokazu Tateno

Outline
Japan Mongolia

Design of ordinary buildings

First design
Design of ordinary buildings
allowable stress Compare
Second desing
ultimate strength design

Design of high-rise building

Design of highrise building
example of actual design
2/1 explain
Performance evaluation of high-
rise building 2/5 explain

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 January 31 (Wed) PM, 2007

Outline
In order to understand the difference in the seismic standard between
Japan and Mongolia, the formula for design seismic force of a building is
compared in the base shear coefficient.

Mongolia CBm=Sik/Qk=Ki K A ik Qi/Qi

Japan CBj=Ds Fes Z C0 Rt Ai

Comparison is made assuming that a 9-story high reinforced concrete

apartment (height H=30 m) is designed in Tokyo and Ulan Bator

Outline of building
Stories 9 stories
Height 30 m
30 Natural period 0.6s
Structural type Reinforced concrete (RC)
Soil Tokyo (Type 2 soil )
Ulan Bator (Type 2 soil)
CBmCB

What is base shear coefficient?

P9 W9
P8 W8
P7 W7
P6 W6
P5 W5
P4 W4
P3 W3
P2 W2
P1 W1
QB

What is base shear coefficient? Story shear force coefficient of one story.
Shear force of one story divided by the total
weight of the building
Base shear coefficient CB=B

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 January 31 (Wed) PM, 2007

1. Comparison of Japan with Mongolia

for Design Seismic Force Formula
Base shear coefficient in Mongolia

CBm=Sik/Qk=Ki K A ik Qi/Qi
Building coefficient
Seismic force coefficient Modal analysis coefficient
(Damage level,
(MSK7-9, soil, building importance)
configuration)

Base shear coefficient in Japan Almost

equal
CBj=Ds Fes Z C0 Rt Ai
Building coefficient Modal analysis
Seismic force coefficient approximate
(Structural type,
(JMA6+, region, soil)
configuration) coefficient

The design criteria for a building are that the building does not collapse against the
Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) Seismic Intensity Scale 6+ (equivalent to MSK9)
considered to occur once in 500 years

1.1 Comparison for Seismic Force Coefficient

Base shear coefficient in Mongolia

CBm=Sik/Qk=Ki K A ik Qi/Qi

Seismic force coefficient

(MSK7-9, soil, building importance)

Base shear coefficient in Japan

Comparison for seismic
force coefficient
CBj=Ds Fes Z C0 Rt Ai

Seismic force coefficient

(JMA6+, region, soil)

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 January 31 (Wed) PM, 2007

1.1 Comparison for Seismic Force Coefficient

When a 9-story building (height = 30 m, natural period T = 0.6s) apartment structured with reinforced
concrete is to be designed in Ulan Bator

CBm = Ki K A ik Qi/Qi
Seismic force coefficient in Mongolia

**

** ** ***


IL0.5 *** *** ***
e<0.9 e<0.7

IL0.5 10
e<0.9 e<0.7

Design seismic activity 7 = 0.1

1.1 Comparison for Seismic Force Coefficient

When a 9-story building (height = 30 m, natural period T = 0.6s) apartment structured with reinforced
concrete is to be designed in Ulan Bator

Construction
site

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 January 31 (Wed) PM, 2007

1.1 Comparison for Seismic Force Coefficient

When a 9-story building (height = 30 m, natural period T = 0.6s) apartment structured with reinforced
concrete is to be designed in Ulan Bator
CBm = Ki K A ik Qi/Qi
Seismic force coefficient in Mongolia

3.00

2.50
Type 1, 2 soil
2.00

1.50 Type 3 soil

1.00

0.50

0.00
0.0 0.5T1=0.6s 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
3 1,2

= 2.04 = 0.1 x 2.04 = 0.204

1.1 Comparison for Seismic Force Coefficient

When a 9-story building (height = 30 m, natural period T = 0.6s) apartment structured with
reinforced concrete is to be designed in Ulan Bator
CBj=Ds Fes Z C0 Rt Ai
Seismic force coefficient in Japan

Z=1.0 (Tokyo) = 1.0

Type 3 soil (soft)

Type 2 soil (ordinary)

Type 1 soil (hard)

Z=1.0
Z=0.9
Z=0.8 T=0.6
Okinawa only Z=0.7

C0 Z Rt = 1.0 x 1.0 x 1.0 =1.0

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 January 31 (Wed) PM, 2007

1.1 Comparison for Seismic Force Coefficient

Mongolia Japan

CBm=Ki K A ik Qi/Qi CBj=Ds Fes C0 Z Rt Ai

CO (standard shear coefficient)

CO value equivalent to design seismic force.
A
Assuming JMA6+ (equivalent to MSK9),
A value equivalent to design seismic force
CO shall be 1.0 anywhere in Japan.
Design seismic force MSK7-9 is assumed
depending on the region, type of soil
Z (seismic regional coefficient)
and importance of the building and the
Depending on the region, the coefficient ranges
A value may be 0.1, 0.2, or 0.4 respectively.
from 0.7 to 1.0, but the majority throughout
Japan is Z=1.0.

Seismic response spectrum.
Rt (Vibration property coefficient)
There are two spectra depending
A value equivalent to seismic response
on the type of soil.
spectrum.
There are three spectra depending on the type
of soil.

9-story RC building A = 0.204 9-story RC building COZRt=1.0

1.1 Comparison for Seismic Force Coefficient

CBm=Ki K A ik Qi/Qi CBj=Ds Fes C0 Z Rt Ai

Vertical 1.20 Mongolia

axis apartment in Tokyo
Type 2 soil
or
1.00
C0 Z Rt Japan
Type 2 soil
0.80
Japan
0.60

Mongolia MSK 9
0.40
MSK 8
0.20

MSK 7 Horizontal
0.00 axis
0.0 0.5 T=0.6s 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 (s)

apartment in Ulan Bator JMA6+ is assumed throughout Japan

MSK7-9 is assumed in Mongolia, having a great gap.

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 January 31 (Wed) PM, 2007

1. Comparison for Modal Analysis Coefficient

When a 9-story building (height = 30 m, natural period T = 0.6s) apartment structured with reinforced concrete is to be
designed in Ulan Bator
CBm = Ki K A ik Qi/Qi
Coefficient against seismic force in Mongolia
iik 1i122i2 2 3i3 2
story 9

4
Primary mode Secondary mode Tertiary mode
3
3.00
2
2.50
1
2.00 0.000 0.100 0.200 0.300 0.400
1.50
iik
1.00

0.50 1 mode
0.00 + mode
0.0 0.3 0.6
3
0.9
1,2
1.2 1.5
++ mode

1.3 Comparison for Building Coefficient

Base shear coefficient in Mongolia

CBm=Sik/Qk=Ki K A ik Qi/Qi

Building coefficient
(Damage, configuration)

Base shear coefficient in Japan

Comparison for building coefficient
CBj=Ds Fes Z C0 Rt Ai
Building coefficient
(Structural type,
configuration)

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 January 31 (Wed) PM, 2007

1.3 Comparison for Building Coefficient

When a 9-story building (height = 30 m, natural period T = 0.6s) apartment structured with
reinforced concrete is to be designed in Ulan Bator

CBm = Ki K A ik Qi/Qi
Building coefficient in Mongolia

Ki x K = 0.35 x 1.0 = 0.35

1.3 Comparison for Building Coefficient

When a rigid frame structured reinforced concrete building is to be designed in Tokyo
CBj=Ds Fes Z C0 Rt Ai
Building coefficient in Japan
Wall structure
Less ductility but
resistant building
Large

strength

Wall + rigid frame structure

Energy absorption is the same
Small

Rigid frame structure
Less resistant but
ductile building

Deformed
Small ductility Large
Ds value Ductile building Resistant building
Reinforced concrete
structure
Steel structure
Ds=0.3

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 January 31 (Wed) PM, 2007

1.3 Comparison for Building Coefficient

When a rigid frame structured reinforced concrete building is to be designed in Tokyo
CBj=Ds Fes Z C0 Rt Ai
Building coefficient in Japan

e
Torsion correction coefficient Rigid modulus correction coefficient

In principle, design to have less biased rigidness and torsion Fes1.0

1.3 Comparison for Building Coefficient

Mongolia Japan

CBm = Ki K A ik Qi/Qi CBj=Ds Fes C0 Z Rt Ai

Ds (structural property coefficient)

Ki (building damage coefficient) RC building 0.30 0.55
Specially important building 1.0 Steel structure 0.25 0.50
RC building 0.25 0.35
Steel structure 0.22 0.25
Fes (configuration property
coefficient = Fe x Fs
K (building configuration Torsion correction coefficient
coefficient) Fe=1.0 1.5
Configuration correction coefficient Rigid modulus correction coefficient
1.0 1.5 Fs=1.0 2.0

9-story RC building Ki K 0.35 9-story RC building DsFes0.30

0.22 0.35 for an ordinary building 0.25 0.55 for an ordinary building
Depending on the importance this Less resistant but ductile building is small
varies about 4 times Resistant but less ductile building is large

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 January 31 (Wed) PM, 2007

2. Summary
When a 9-story building (height = 30 m, natural period T = 0.6s) apartment
structured with reinforced concrete is to be designed in

30

CBmCB

in Ulan Bator

CBm =Ki KA ik Qi/Qi

.
=0.35 x 1.0 x 0.1 x 2.04 x 0.93 =0.0714
in Tokyo About 4 times
difference
CBj=Ds FesC0 Z RtAi
=0.3 x 1.0 x 1.0 x 1.0 x 1.0 x 1.0 =0.3

2. Summary
Comparison of Japan with Mongolia for Design Seismic Force Formula

MongoliaCBm=Sik/Qk=Ki K A ik Qi/Qi
Japan CBj=Ds Fes Z C0 Rt Ai

Seismic force coefficient A and CO Z Rt

JMA intensity 6+ (equivalent to MSK9) is assumed throughout Japan
MSK7 to MSK9 is assumed depending on the region in Mongolia with a difference of about
1/4 times in seismic force.

Building coefficient Ki K and Ds Fes

0.25 0.55 for an ordinary building in Japan (change in resistance and ductile)
0.22 0.35 for an ordinary building in Mongolia
About 3-fold safety rate is taken at most depending on the configuration in Japan.
About 6-fold safety rate is taken at most depending on the importance and configuration in
Mongolia.

Modal analysis coefficient (ik Qi/Qi) and Ai

The concept in Japan and in Mongolia is almost the same

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 January 31 (Wed) PM, 2007

2. Summary
CBj CBm
0.70 0.70

0.60 0.60

0.50 0.50

apartment
0.40 0.40 in Ulan Bator
ary bu ildings
Range of ordin
0.30 0.30

s
ding
0.20 0.20 buil
a ry
apartment in Tokyo f o rdin
ge o
0.10 0.10 Ran

0.00 0.00
0.8 0.9 1.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
region Seismic Intensity Scale

Ordinary building
The earthquake resistant performance in Mongolia is smaller than that of Japan.
Depending on the region, MSK7 to MSK9 is assumed with a difference in seismic force of about 1/4
times.

2. Summary
CBj CBm
2.50 2.50

2.00 2.00

1.50 1.50

importance

1.00 1.00

configuration
configuration
0.50 0.50
gs
Range of ordinary buildin gs
y buildin
f ordinar
Range o
0.00 0.00
0.8 0.9 1.0 7.0 8.0 9.0

region Seismic Intensity Scale

Important building and peculiar building in configuration

About 3-fold safety rate is taken at most depending on the configuration in Japan.
About 6-fold safety rate is taken at most depending on the importance and configuration in Mongolia.

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