Iaetsd-Jaras-Overview of Constructability in Managing

IAETSD JOURNAL FOR ADVANCED RESEARCH IN APPLIED SCIENCES, VOLUME 4, ISSUE 2, JULY /2017
ISSN (ONLINE): 2394-8442
OVERVIEW OF CONSTRUCTABILITY IN MANAGING

DELIVERABLES FOR METRO/INFRA
STRUCTURE PROJECTS
Prof. Ashish P Waghmare#1, Mr. Mohseen Khan*2

#
Dept.Of Civil Engg. Savitribai Phule Pune University, Maharashtra,India
1
ashish.waghmare@dypic.in, 2mohseen.176@gmail.com
ABSTRACT.
Constructability is a tool of project management with the help of which designing and construction
processes are operated simultaneously. The application of all the construction knowledge, from the initial stages of a
project where the ability to impact cost is at maximum level fulfils both practical and financial criteria. The
technique practised during a constructability process improves the results of construction by better coordination
between major project participants such as design, engineering and construction professionals. Better
communication among these participants reduces the risk of project failure & various issues affecting the project.It
will pinpoint errors before a project is actually built to minimize or prevent the delays and cost overruns.
Constructability review is a standardized process that consists a group with enormous construction knowledge to
examine whether that a design is buildable while also cost effective, biddable and maintainable with reduced cost
overruns and delays. Constructability review check list for metro projects helps in carrying out constructability
review of a metro project in a well-defined documented manner. Constructability review is a process and this
checklist is a part of it to carry it out efficiently.
Keywords Constructability process, initiation phase, procurement, ambiguous specifications, constructability review checklist.
I. INTRODUCTION
Construction is one of the most important sectors in Indian economy, a key driver generating employment and a nodal industry to various small
ones. It is that sector of economy that plans, designs, contracts, maintains, alters and repairs physical immobile structures and facilities like
building complexes, transportation networks, processing plants, manufacturing installations, power plants, transmission lines, ports and harbors,
water supply and sewerage disposals and other utility work involving civil, mechanical, electrical and other skills.
The world is expanding and indeed expanding at a breath neck pace; expansion of our world requires construction with effective planning and
maintenance throughout its life cycle. In spite of its importance and enormity the construction industry stands fragmented and un-organized,
even after introduction of significance of project management in the industry. A delay in a construction project may cause losses, or negatively
affect some or all of the project parties and limit the growth potential of the economy and hence the development.
The studies reveal that most of the construction projects face time and cost overruns mostly due to management failures. Therefore, to hamper
the negatives and strengthen the chances of successful completion of projects, Project management should be extensively used in the
construction projects. Project management divides the entire project life cycle into different phases to exercise control i.e. Project initiation
phase, planning phase, execution phase, monitoring and control. One such technique of project management is constructability.
To Cite This Article: Prof. Ashish P Waghmare and Mr. Mohseen Khan,. OVERVIEW OF
CONSTRUCTABILITY IN MANAGING DELIVERABLES FOR METRO/INFRA STRUCTURE
PROJECTS. Journal for Advanced Research in Applied Sciences ; Pages: 138-147
139. Prof. Ashish P Waghmare and Mr. Mohseen Khan,. OVERVIEW OF CONSTRUCTABILITY IN MANAGING
DELIVERABLES FOR METRO/INFRA STRUCTURE PROJECTS. Journal for Advanced Research in Applied
Sciences; Pages: 138-147
II. CONSTRUCTABILITY
Constructability is a project management technique for reviewing construction processes from start to finish during the pre-construction phrase.
It starts right from the project initiation phase and continues throughout the project life cycle. It will identify obstacles before a project is actually
built to reduce or prevent error, delays and cost overruns. The aim is to basically create a complete project even before construction is started. By
incorporating constructability reviews into the design process at an early stage, project delivery is more assured and results in fewer post-
construction disputes.
III. CONSTRUCTABILITY REVIEW

Constructability review is a formalized process that utilizes a team with extensive construction knowledge to ensure that a design is buildable
while also cost effective, biddable and maintainable with reduced overruns and delays. Constructability review should be conducted separate and
independent of design team.Constructability encompasses a detailed review of design drawings, specifications and construction process by a
highly experienced set of panel throughout the life of a project.The Constructability Review Process is intended to help improve the
constructability and consequently the quality of the project resulting into a cost-effective project that is biddable, buildable, and maintainable.
IV. PROJECT ORIENTED CONSTRUCTABILITY REVIEW PROCESS

The constructability review is incorporated into the project development process by defining parallel constructability phases such as
constructability in planning, design and construction. The three phases can further be sub divided into features of work based on the needs of
project. This format can be used as a guide for both the constructability reviewers and designers in ensuring that the entire scope of the project is
covered in the review process and the resultant construction documents are of the best quality possible.
For our study, we have divided the project into the following three phases
Pre-Construction (Feasibility, Early Design Phase, Procurement, Planning)

Construction (Execution)
Post-Construction (Handing Over, Operation & Maintenance)
This Project Management plan can be viewed as a road map which can effectively manage the scope, budget, schedule and quality of projects.
Together, The Project Manager and the Area engineer as team leaders, facilitate this road map to successful completion of project.
V. SCOPE OF WORK
Constructability helps in taking decisions regarding many factors those are supposed to be taken during the project management process and as
usual, those factors at the earlier initiation phases of the design have a bigger impact on the project management as compared at later stages or
during building operation or construction. Carrying out a detailed analysis on metro railway projects in India with its cost and time overruns
enables us in recommending of detailed constructability checklist for well documented CR review of metro projects.
VI. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The findings of this paper are done by a detailed analysis on 6 metro projects in India. After studying the various factors that are responsible
for the delay and cost overruns a constructability review checklist is been made which has all the detailed elements. We have made a detailed
constructability checklist conforming to the needs of metro projects so as to avoid enormous delays and cost overruns which reduce the cost
benefit ratio of the project. Constructability review checklist is a very detailed checklist consisting of check points, due date of completion,
accountability or responsibility of the action, date of completion and recommendation. We have divided the checklist into 3 main phases of a
project, Pre-construction phase, Construction phase and Post construction phase.
VII. DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
TABLE 1
COMPARISON OF TIME AND COST OVERRUNS OF 6 METROS
Time Over Run Cost Over Run

Metro Original
Delay Original Cost Over Run
Duration
Hyderabad Metro July 2017 December 2018 16375 Cr 20000cr
Delhi Metro (Phase 3) 2016 2017 35000 Cr 38500 Cr
Chennai Metro (Phase1) 2019 14600cr 20000cr
MUMBAI METRO (Phase 1) APRIL 2012 JUNE2014 2356cr 4321cr
Pune Metro started as on April 2017 10870cr 11522cr
Kolkata Metro (Line 2) October2014 June2018 4874.58cr 9000cr(tentative)

TABLE 3
RECOMMENDED CONSTRUCTABILITY REVIEW CHECKLIST FOR METRO/INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS
VIII. CONCLUSIONS
The entire analysis and discussion gives very important conclusion regarding the efficient execution and timely completion of infrastructure
projects. It has helped us to understand the importance of applying constructability in a project environment. We accrued real life examples of
various metro projects in different cities of India and analysed the deviations of project deliverables with respect to the planned one. We
suggested various recommendations for these problems which are occurring throughout the life cycle of the project Constructability till date has
been applied in industrial projects with the help of software to carry out the work procedures smoothly, but since infrastructure projects are more
susceptible to huge changes, cost overruns and time delays the application of constructability review will be very beneficial we realized as
infrastructure of the country is very important for its economic development, and money wasted on overruns can be utilized for development
elsewhere.
During the projects we realize that it is the smaller detail along with major details that are missed out and can create big problems later on in the
project. The constructability review aims at creating a project before the actual execution even starts, and follows the created model process with
minimum to no changes, to be ready for any kind of hindrances during actual execution to avoid delays and rework.
Checklist was prepared with the help of inputs from professionals who have experience in metro or infrastructure projects. It is more thorough,
exhaustively detailed taking care of minutes of the activities. More detailed the checklist, more effective the constructability review is and better
it helps in identification of risks, probable obstacles, reasons for delays and to hold accountability of an activity. This will help in predicting
problems in the pre-construction phase and to be ready with solution, mitigation plan when the problem actually occurs or if it occurs, the time
delays and cost overruns due to them will be saved.
Constructability review process should be carried out during the early phases of the project so as to have maximum impact and to reap maximum
benefits. If done honestly and dedicatedly, it could lead to enormous savings in cost, time, and better productivity.
Constructability truly justifies the statement of prevention is better than cure. It is the utmost and prime need of the hour. Hence it should be
exhaustively used throughout the life cycle of the project.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I have a great pleasure to express my deep sense of gratitude and sincere regards to my guide Prof. Ashish P. Waghmare, for his guidance and
friendly discussion which helped me immensely in selecting this topic. His generous encouragement throughout my and helped me in
completing this dissertation work.
REFERENCES
[1] wissam hijazi, dr. sabah alkass, p.eng. And dr. tarek zayed, (2009),constructability assessment using bim/4d cad simulation model
[2] https://www.construction-institute.org
[3] http://www.ciria.org/
[4] george jergeas, 1 p.e., and john van der put, 2 p.e.,benefits of constructability on construction projects
[5] Total quality management in construction industry
[6] scottgullen, value engineering, wbdg
[7] kk chitkara, construction project management book
[8] Constructability review process guide version 2.0
[9] https://www.metrorailnews.in/chennai-metro-the-facts-behind-the-chennai-metro-rail-project-delay/
[10] http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/the-facts-behind-the-chennai-metro-rail-delay/article7999377.ece
[11] http://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi/delhi-metro-budget-goes-off-track-for-phase-3/story-kebeehrn0y5lyh75xsjm8j.html
[12]http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/logistics/lt-hyderabad-metro-project-faces-cost-deadline-overrun/article8556426.ece
[13]http://www.hindustantimes.com/mumbai/mumbai-metro-10-deadlines-missed-what-caused-delay/story-4xiqvfzoysxwr1zmfis3fj.html
[14]http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/mumbai/delayed-navi-mumbai-metro-deadline-extended-to-dec.-2017/article14619985.ece
[15] http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/hyderabad-metro-project-delayed/articleshow/52107952.cms
[17]http://www.financialexpress.com/industry/hyderabad-metro-one-of-worlds-largest-infra-projects-deadline-pushed-to-dec-2018-heres-
why/276808/
[18] https://www.metrorailnews.in/chennai-metro-the-facts-behind-the-chennai-metro-rail-project-delay/
[19] http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/the-facts-behind-the-chennai-metro-rail-delay/article7999377.ece
[20] http://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi/delhi-metro-budget-goes-off-track-for-phase-3/story-kebeehrn0y5lyh75xsjm8j.html
[22] niraj sharma, rajni dhyani and s. gangopadhyay,critical issues related to metro rail projects in india, journal of infrastructure development.
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IAETSD JOURNAL FOR ADVANCED RESEARCH IN APPLIED SCIENCES, VOLUME 4, ISSUE 2, JULY /2017

ISSN (ONLINE): 2394-8442

OVERVIEW OF CONSTRUCTABILITY IN MANAGING

Prof. Ashish P Waghmare#1, Mr. Mohseen Khan*2

III. CONSTRUCTABILITY REVIEW

IV. PROJECT ORIENTED CONSTRUCTABILITY REVIEW PROCESS

Pre-Construction (Feasibility, Early Design Phase, Procurement, Planning)

VI. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

VII. DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS

Time Over Run Cost Over Run

Chennai Metro (Phase1) 2019 14600cr 20000cr

MUMBAI METRO (Phase 1) APRIL 2012 JUNE2014 2356cr 4321cr

Pune Metro started as on April 2017 10870cr 11522cr

Kolkata Metro (Line 2) October2014 June2018 4874.58cr 9000cr(tentative)

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