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IDEOLOGY

AND THE FORMATION


OF EARLY STATES
EDITED BY

HENRI J.M. CLAESSEN


AND

JARIGH G. OOSTEN

EJ. BRILL
LEIDEN NEW YORK KOLN
1996
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface
Henri J.M. Claessen and Jarich G. Oosten

Introduction 1
Henri J.M. Claessen and Jarich G. Oosten

West Africa
Ideological problems and the problem of ideology: 24
reflections on integration and strain in pre-colonial
West Africa
Patricia A. Shifferd

The sacred ruler as the ideological centre of an early 48


state. The precolonial states of the Bight of Benin
Coast
Natalia B. Kochakova

Intellectual elites and the production of ideology 67


Thomas Fillitz

Ideological and symbolic authority: political culture in 84


Nanun, Northern Ghana
Peter Skalnfk

Ideology and dynamics in Dii chiefdoms. A study of 99


territorial movement and population fluctuation
(Andamawa Province, Cameroon)
Jean-Claude Muller

Central and North Asia


Spiritual geography and political legitimacy in the east- 116
ern steppe
Thomas T. Allsen

The role and contents of ideology in the early nomadic 136


empires of the Eurasian steppes
Elfin Kiirsat-Ahlers
VI TABLE OF CONTENTS

Ideology and the formation of an early state in 153


Northeast China
Sarah M. Nelson

South and Southeast Asia


Ideology and the nature of political consolidation and 170
expansion: an archaeological case
Shereen Ratnagar

Lack of limits - cultural aspects of state formation in 187


early continental Southeast Asia
Rente Hagesteijn

Indigenous power, hierarchy and dominance: state 205


formation in Orissa, India
Akio Tanabe

Europe
Ideology and the development of European kingdoms 220
Jarich Oosten

Oral tradition, dynastic legend and legitimation of ducal 242


power in the process of the formation of the Polish
state
Michal Tymowski

Mesoamerica
Class and state in Aztec official ideology 256
Frederic Hicks

Hegemonic culturation and work in state formations 278


Donald V. Kurtz

Polynesia
Embodied Ideas. An essay on ritual and politics in 298
pre-capitalist society
Thomas Bargatzky

Ideological perspectives of the development of kingship 321


in the early states of Hawaii
Martin van Bakel

Ideology and the Formation of Early States: Data from 339


Polynesia
Henri J.M. Claessen
TABLE OF CONTENTS VII

Discussion and considerations 359


Henri J.M. Claessen and Jarich G. Oosten

Contributors 406

Index 411

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