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Mirabegron - 3 agonist that relaxes the Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine are not
detrusor catechols and are poor substrates for
smooth muscle and increases bladder COMT and MAO
capacity excellent absorption orally and
for patients with overactive bladder penetrate into the CNS, but
increase blood pressure pseudoephedrine has fewer CNS effects
increases levels of digoxin and also Ephedrine is eliminated largely
inhibits the CYP2D6 isozyme, which unchanged in urine, and
may enhance the effects of other pseudoephedrine undergoes incomplete
medications metabolized by this hepatic metabolism before elimination
pathway (for example, metoprolol). in urine
Ephedrine raises systolic and diastolic
INDIRECT-ACTING ADRENERGIC blood pressures by vasoconstriction
AGONISTS and cardiac stimulation and can be
potentiate the effects of epinephrine or used to treat hypotension.
norepinephrine produced endogenously, but Ephedrine produces bronchodilation,
do not directly affect postsynaptic receptors but it is less potent and slower acting
than epinephrine or isoproterenol.
Amphetamine - increase blood pressure (previously used for astham but now
significantly by 1 agonist action on the replaced)
vasculature, as well as 1-stimulatory effects Ephedrine produces a mild stimulation
on the heart. of the CNS. This increases alertness,
CNS stimulant decreases fatigue, and prevents sleep.
It also improves athletic performance.
Tyramine - not a clinically useful drug, but it The clinical use of ephedrine is
is important declining because of the availability of
because it is found in fermented foods, such better, more potent agents that cause
as aged cheese and Chianti wine fewer adverse effects.
normal by-product of tyrosine Ephedrine-containing herbal
metabolism supplements (mainly ephedra-
oxidized by MAO in the containing products) have been
gastrointestinal tract, but, if the banned by the U.S. Food and Drug
patient is taking MAOIs, it can Administration because of
lifethreatening cardiovascular
reactions.
Pseudoephedrine is primarily used
orally to treat nasal and sinus
congestion.
Pseudoephedrine has been illegally
used to produce methamphetamine.