Volume No. 1 Issue No.

2 International Journal on ISSN: 2456-5695

Fundamentals of Science and Engineering Research

A REVIEW ON GOOGLE GLASS AND ITS TECHNOLOGIES

C.Durga [1] K.Swathi [2]A.Ramadevi [3] M.Narmada[4]
[1,2, 3, 4]
Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, NBKRIST, Nellore, AP, India
.
durgac2015@gmail.com,reddyswathi1997@gmail.com,Adaparamaa@gmail.com,
Narmada.machavaram@gmail.com,

ABSTRACT
Smart glasses are wearable devices that display real-time information directly in front of users field of
vision by using Augmented Reality (AR) techniques. Generally, they can also perform more complex tasks,
run some applications, and support Internet connectivity.This paper provides an overview of some methods
that can be adopted to allow gesture-based interaction with smart glasses, as well as of some interaction
design considerations. Head-worn displays (HWD) have recently gained significant attention, in particular
thanks to the release of a temporary version of Google Glass. Moreover, the anticipation of the commercial
launch of Google Glass1 in the upcoming months and the fresh news that Facebook, Inc. acquired Oculus
Rift2 increased the popularity of such devices even further. The trend of wearable device purchases is
importantly growing and some business analysts forecast more than 20 million annual sales of Google Glass
in 2018. Furthermore, researchers have been already studying and investigating HWD for several years.As a
consequence, it is important to give an overview of different methods that could be used to interact with
smart glasses and, above all, analyzing privacy concerns and identifying the current and potential social
implications related to these devices has a great significance at this point.The main purpose of smart glasses
is to provide users with information and services relevant for their contexts and useful for the users to
perform their tasks; in other words, such devices augment users senses. In addition, they allow users to do
basic operations available on today common mobile devices such as reading, writing e-mails, writing text
messages, making notes, and answering calls. Therefore, although most of the usage of smart glasses is
passive for the users, i.e. reading content on the little screen of the device, active interaction with such
devices is fundamental to control them and supply inputs. In fact, users need ways to ask smart glasses for
instance to open a particular application, answer something they need to know, insert content for emails,
messages or input fields, or to control games
Keywords: Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality (AR) Eye Tap, 4G, Smart Clothing, project glasses

1. INTRODUCTION OF GOOGLE GLASS

Google Inc. is an American multinational corporation specializing in Internet-related services and products.
These include search, cloud computing, software and online advertising technologies. Google began in
January 1996 as a research project by Larry Page and Sergey Brin. It was originally a search engine who
ranks the websites(PageRank) and return them as search results according to user query, with time Google
grew and presently it provides many other features than only search results i.e. it now provides image
search, YouTube(largest collection of online videos) and many more. It has its own R & D department
know as Google X, where the project Google Glass was made. Google glass uses virtual and augmented
reality to interact with user.

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Volume No. 1 Issue No. 2 International Journal on ISSN: 2456-5695
Fundamentals of Science and Engineering Research

Fig 1.Google glasses

As per many reports, Google is expected to start selling eyeglasses that will project information,
entertainment and, this being a Google product, advertisements onto the lenses. These glasses will have the
combined features of virtual reality and augmented reality. The Google Glasses can use a 4G cell
connection to pull in information from Googles mountain of data and display info about the real world in
augmented reality on the lens in front of your eye. As you turn your head youll get information about your
surroundings and nearby objects from Google Goggles, info on buildings and establishments from Google
Maps, even your friends nearby check-ins from Latitude. The company has no plans to sell ads into your
newly augmented view of the world, but will consider it if the product really catches on.
The glasses are not being designed to be worn constantly although Google engineers expect some users
will wear them a lot but will be more like smartphones, used when needed, with the lenses serving as a
kind of see-through computer monitor. Google glasses are basically wearable computers that will use the
same Android software that powers Android smartphones and tablets. Like smartphones and tablets, the
glasses will be equipped with GPS and motion sensors. They will also contain a camera and audio inputs
and outputs.
Several people who have seen the glasses, but who are not allowed to speak publicly about them, said that
the location information was a major feature of the glasses. Throughthe built-in camera on the glasses,
Google will be able to stream images to its rack computers and return augmented reality information to the
person wearing them. For instance, a person looking at a landmark could see detailed historical information
and comments about it left by friends. If facial recognition software becomes accurate enough, the glasses
could remind a wearer of when and how he met the vaguely familiar person standing in front of him at a
party. They might also be used for virtual reality games that use the real world as the playground.

Virtual reality (VR):Virtual reality is a term that applies to computer-simulated environments that
cansimulate physical presence in places in the real world, as well as in imaginary worlds.It covers remote
communication environments which provide virtual presence of userswith the concepts of telepresence and
telexistence or a virtual artifact (VA). Thesimulated environment can be similar to the real world in order to
create a life likeexperience.Virtual reality is often used to describe a wide variety of applications
commonlyassociated with immersive, highly visual, 3D environments. The development of CADsoftware,
graphics hardware acceleration, head mounted displays, database gloves, andminiaturization.

Augmented reality (AR):Augmented reality is a live, direct or indirect, view of a physical, real-world
environmentwhose elements are augmented by generated sensory input such as sound, video, graphics

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Fundamentals of Science and Engineering Research

Or GPS data. It is related to a more general concept called mediated reality, in which aview of reality is
modified (possibly even diminished rather than augmented), by acomputer. As a result, the technology
functions by enhancing ones current perception ofreality. By contrast, virtual reality replaces the real world
with a simulated one.Augmentation is conventionally in real-time and in semantic context with
environmentalelements.
Project Glass:Project Glass is a research and development program by Google to develop an
augmentedreality head-mounted display (HMD). It is part of the Google X Lab, which works onother
futuristic technologies. The intended purpose of Project Glass products would bethe hands-free displaying
of information currently available tomost smartphone users, and allowing for interaction with the Internet
via naturallanguage voice commands. The functionality and physical appearance (minimalist designof the
aluminum strip with 2 nose pads) has been compared to SteveMann's EyeTap, which was also referred to as
"Glass" ("EyeTap Digital Eye Glass", i.e.uses of the word "Glass" in singular rather than plural form
"Glasses").The operating system software used in the glass will be Google's Android.
Android:Android is a Linux-based operating system designed primarily for touchscreen mobiledevices
such as smartphones and tablet computers. Initially developed by Android, Inc.,which Google backed
financially and later bought in 2005, Android was unveiled in 2007along with the founding of the Open
Handset Alliance: a consortium of hardware,software, and telecommunication companies devoted to
advancing open standards formobile devices.

1.Designing interaction techniques:

Before presenting how users can interact with smart glasses, it is worth mentioning the main aspects that
have to be taken into account during the design process of such techniques. As for technical characteristics,
a gesture recognition system for HWD should ideally be very accurate, i.e. able to distinguish fine shape
based gestures, insensitive to daylight, as small as possible, consume low power, and be robust in noisy and
cluttered environment that are typical conditions in everyday life scenarios. As far as user experience is
concerned, the physical effort required to users to interact with the devices is relevant, as well as easiness of
use and encumbrance of the device.
2. Interaction approaches
Two different categories of interaction methods can be distinguished for smart glasses: free form and
others. The former includes for example eye tracking, wink detection, voice commands, and gestures
performed with fingers or hands. On the other hand, the latter comprises for instance the use of hand-held
devices, e.g. point-and-click controllers, joysticks, one-hand keyboards and smartphones, or smart watches
to control the HWD. The aforementioned examples should help to understand the difference between the
two kinds of interaction. However, it can be expressed by saying that the free form does not require any
extra device other than the smart glass to be performed and detected; on the contrary, it is obvious how the
control of the smart glass that happens via smartphones, pointer, etc. cannot satisfy the free form criterion.

A. Gesture-based interaction
3D Internet is the next generation after the current 2d web.3D Internet consists of interconnected services,
presented as virtual worlds.Imagine a setup of interconnected virtual worlds inhabited by users who can visit
and consume services through "teleporting" from one world to another.3D Internet will relay on the same
basicGoogle Inc. is an American multinational corporation specializing in Internet-related services and
products. These include search, cloud computing, software and online advertising technologies. Google
began in January 1996 as a research project by Larry Page and Sergey Brin. It was originally a search
engine who ranks the websites(PageRank) and return them as search results according to user query, with
time Google grew and presently it provides many other features than only search results i.e. it now provides
image search, YouTube(largest collection of online videos) and many more. It has its own R & D
department know as Google X, where the project Google Glass was made. Google glass uses virtual
and augmented reality to interact with user. Technology and components as that of a traditionalbrowser,
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Volume No. 1 Issue No. 2 International Journal on ISSN: 2456-5695
Fundamentals of Science and Engineering Research

and it will interact with the same search engines and servers. Aside from the use of 3Dcomputer graphics
and personalized avatars, the important difference lies in a much more social experience compared to the
two-dimensional Internet of today.3D Internet is incredibly social. If you're reading a document, you can see
other people Readingthe same document. You connect organically with other people that share your
interests and consume the same services that you do. Gestures on body/smart glass

Gestures on body/smart glass

Another significant distinction applicable to gestures is based on where the gesture is performed. A common
solution is doing gestures very close to or directly on some surfaces such as some parts of the smart glass
itself or the users body. The following paragraphs present two different studies that have investigated this
approach.

III.TECHNOLOGIES USED

1. Wearable Computing:
Wearable computers, also known as body-borne computers are miniature electronic devices that are
worn by the bearer under, with or on top of clothing. This class of wearable technology has been
developed for general or special purpose information technologies and media development. Wearable
computers are especially useful for applications that require more complex computational support than just
hardware coded logics.

Fig 2.Wearable Computing

One of the main features of a wearable computer is consistency. There is a constant

interaction between the computer and user, i.e. There is no need to turn the device on or off. Another
feature is the ability to multi-task. It is not necessary to stop what you are doing to use the device; it is
augmented into all other actions. These devices can be incorporated by the user to act like a prosthetic. It
can therefore be an extension of the users mind and/or body.

Ambient Intelligence:Ambient Intelligence (AmI) refers to electronic environments that are sensitive
andresponsive to the presence of people. Ambient intelligence is a vision on the futureof consumer
electronics, telecommunications and computing.In an ambient intelligence world, devices work in concert to
support people in carryingout their everyday life activities, tasks and rituals in easy, natural way using
informationand intelligence that is hidden in the network connecting these devices.As these devices grow
smaller, more connected and more integrated into ourenvironment, the technology disappears into our
surroundings until only the userinterface remains perceivable by users.

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Fig 3. Ambient Intelligence

Smart Clothing:Smart clothing is the next generation of apparel. It is a combination of new
fabrictechnology and digital technology, which means that the clothing is made with newsignal-transfer
fabric technology installed with digital devices. Since this smart clothingis still under development, many
problems have occurred due to the absence of thestandardization of technology. Therefore, the efficiency of
technology development canbe strengthened through industrial standardization. This study consists of three
phases.The first phase is selecting standardization factors to propose a standardization road map.The second
phase is to research and collect related test evaluation methods of smartclothing. For this, we selected two
categories, which are clothing and electricity/electronproperties.

Fig 4. Smart Clothing

The third phase is establishing a standardization road map for smart clothing. In thisstudy, test evaluations
have not yet been conducted and proved. However, this studyshows how to approach standardization. We
expect that it will be valuable for developingsmart clothing technology and standardization in the future.
Eye Tap Technology:An EyeTap is a device that is worn in front of the eye that acts as a camera to record
thescene available to the eye as well as a display to superimpose a computer-generatedimagery on the
original scene available to the eye. This structure allows the user's eye tooperate as both a monitor and a
camera as the EyeTap intakes the world around it andaugments the image the user sees allowing it to
overlay computer-generated data over topof the normal world the user would perceive. The EyeTap is a
hard technology tocategorize under the three main headers for wearable computing (Constancy,
Augmentation, and Mediation) for while it is in theory a constancy technology in natureit also has the ability
to augment and mediate the reality the user perceives.

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Fig 5. Eye Tap Technology

Smart Grid Technology:A smart grid is an electrical grid that uses information and communications
technology togather and act on information, such as information about the behaviours of suppliers
andconsumers, in an automated fashion to improve the efficiency, reliability, economics, andsustainability
of the production and distribution of electricity

4G Technology:4G is the fourth generation of cell phone mobile communications standards. It is a

successor of the third generation (3G) standards. A 4G system provides mobile ultra- broadband Internet
access, for example to laptops with USB wireless modems, to smartphones, and to other mobile devices.

Fig 6.4G Technology

Android is a Linux-based operating systemfor mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers,
developed by Google in conjunction with the Open HandsetAlliance. Android is open source and Google
releases the code under the ApacheLicense. This open source code and permissive licensing allows the
software to be freelymodified and distributed by device manufacturers, wireless carriers and
enthusiastdevelopers. Additionally, Android has a large community of developers writingapplications
("apps") that extend the functionality of devices, written primarily in acustomized version of the Java
programming language. In October 2012, there wereapproximately 700,000 apps available for Android, and
the estimated number ofapplications downloaded from Google Play, Androids primary app store, was 25
billion.

IV.ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

1. Easy to wear and use.

2. Sensitive and responsive to the presence of people.
3. Fast access of maps, documents, videos, chats and much more.
4. A new trend for fashion lovers together being an innovative technology.
5. A spectacle based computer to reside directly on your eyes rather than in your pouch or pocket.
6. A useful technology for all kinds of handicapped/disabled people.
7. Can be easily broken or damaged. Though Google wants these glasses to be as modest as achievable,
they seem to be extremely breakable. Users will have a tough time taking care of it.
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8. These glasses show the retrieved data in front of users eyes so it will be a tough experience for them
since they will focus on that data and will eventually miss the surroundings that may lead to
accidents while driving.
9. The resource for running these glasses is still unknown. Will there be a battery or it will run using
solar energy?
10. Privacy of people may breach with new glasses.

V. FUTURE SCOPE

Google Glass is as futuristic a gadget weve seen in recent times. Its limited in scope right now, but the
future, Google believes, is bright and the device itself is incredibly compelling.
Google is trying their hardest to push the Project Glass through the FCC this year. Reports show that Google
is trying to get the approval by the FCC this year but there are already several hundred glasses made for
testing internally

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VI.CONCLUSION
Google glasses are basically wearable computers that use the evolving familiar technologies that brings the
sophistication and ease of communication and information access even for the physically challenged class of
people those literally could not use general way of palmtops and mobiles.

REFERENCES

[1]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Glass
[2]. http://www.smart-glasses.org/benefits-smart-glasses/
[3]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EyeTap
[4]. http://www.techpark.net/2012/02/29/google-glasses-with-virtual-and-augmentedreality/
[5]. http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1601355
[6]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_(operating_system)
[7]. http://www.webmd.boots.com/eye-health/news/20120411/will-google-glasses-be-safe
[8]. http://www.thenewstribe.com/2012/04/08/google-project-glasses-success-or-
anotherfailure/#.UFMcL7LiaAA
[9]. http://www.redmondpie.com/google-project-glass-gets-an-awesome-skydiving-demoat-io-explorer-
edition-up-for-pre-order-video/

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