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7/22/2017 Reactive Power and Compensation Solution Basics | EEP
Reactive Power and Compensation Solutions Basics For Students (photo credit:
eltrex.ro)
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7/22/2017 Reactive Power and Compensation Solution Basics | EEP
Reactive power has zero average value because it pulsates up and down,
averaging to zero. Reactive power is measured as the maximum of the
pulsating power over a cycle. It can be positive or negative, depending on
whether current peaks before or after voltage.
Qc = P (tan 1 tan 2)
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7/22/2017 Reactive Power and Compensation Solution Basics | EEP
For industrial plants that are still in a configuring stage, it can be assumed by
approximation that the reactive power consumers are primarily AC induction
motors working with an average power factor cos 0.7. For compensation
to cos = 0.9, a capacitor power of approximately 50 % of the active power is
required:
Qc = 0.5 P
Qc = 0.1 to 0.2 P
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7/22/2017 Reactive Power and Compensation Solution Basics | EEP
For installations which are already running, the required capacitor power can be
determined by measuring. If active and reactive work meters are available, the
demand of capacitor power can be taken from the monthly electricity bill.
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7/22/2017 Reactive Power and Compensation Solution Basics | EEP
Qc = Q1 Q2 = P F
To simplify the calculation of Qc, Table 1 states the conversion factors F when
a measured cos 1 is to be compensated in order to attain a power factor cos
2 in operation.
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7/22/2017 Reactive Power and Compensation Solution Basics | EEP
Single compensation
Figure 4 Single
compensation
Here, load is taken off the feeder lines to the power consumers. A
continuous adjustment of the capacitor power to its reactive power
demand is not possible, however.
Group compensation
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7/22/2017 Reactive Power and Compensation Solution Basics | EEP
Figure 5 Group
compensation
Central compensation
Reactive power control units are used for central compensation, which are
directly assigned to a switchgear unit, distribution board, or sub-distribution
board and centrally installed there. Control units contain switchable capacitor
branch circuits and a controller which acquires the reactive power present at
the feed-in location.
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7/22/2017 Reactive Power and Compensation Solution Basics | EEP
The capacitor power is chosen in such a way that the entire installation reaches
the desired cos (Figure 6). Central compensation is recommended in case
of:
References //
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7/22/2017 Reactive Power and Compensation Solution Basics | EEP
About Author //
Edvard Csanyi
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