Boyce Activated Carbon for Groundwater

Remediations

Groundwater makes up about twenty percent of the world's fresh

water supply, which is about 0.61% of the entire world's water,
including oceans and permanent ice. Groundwater has long been
second to surface water in terms of its importance for human use and
the attention devoted to it by the general public and water sector
managers. However, this picture is quickly changing as groundwater
increasingly supplants surface water in many areas of the world as the
primary and preferred source of water for all types of use, i.e.
domestic, agricultural (crop and livestock) and industrial.

The irrigated area lists the countries Algeria, Bangladesh, India, Iran,
Libya, Saudi Arabia, Syria and Yemen, as those depending more on
groundwater than surface water for their irrigation. About half the
population in the United States relies on groundwater as a source of
drinking water, supply their factories with process water and for farm
irrigation. For all those who rely on it, it is critical that their
groundwater be unpolluted and relatively free of undesirable
contaminants.

A groundwater pollutant is any substance that, when it reaches an

aquifer, makes the water unclean or otherwise unsuitable for a
particular purpose. Sometimes the substance is a manufactured
chemical, but just as often it might be microbial contamination.
Contamination also can occur from naturally occurring mineral and
metallic deposits in rock and soil. Some of the contaminants from
Agricultural, Residential, Industrial.

Natural sources are Primary inorganic substances: Arsenic, Barium,

Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Cyanide, Fluoride, Lead, Mercury,
Nickel, Nitrate,

Nitrite and Selenium Secondary inorganic substances: Aluminum,

Chloride, Iron,
Manganese, Silver, Sodium, Sulfate and Zinc Volatile organic
compounds: Benzene, Carbon Tetrachloride, Cis-1, 2-Dichlorethylene,
1, 2-Dicholoethane, Dichloromethane1, 2-Dichlorophane,
Ethylbenzene, Monochlorobenzene. Synthetic Organic Chemicals:
Alachor, Atrazine, Benzo(a) pyrene, Carbofuran, Chlorodane, Dalapon,
Hexachlorobenzene, Hexachlorocyclo-Pentadiene, Oxymyl (vydate),
Pentachlorophenol, Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) etc.

VOC and GAC

VOCs have become of primary concern as they have little affinity for
soil, and thus rapidly pass through the soil and enter the aquifer. Once
in the aquifer, the VOCs can migrate quickly in the groundwater and
since they are often resistant to natural degradation, they can persist
for long periods of time.

Adsorption with granular activated carbon (GAC) is a treatment

technology that is now widely accepted for removal of these VOCs
from groundwater. The acceptance of GAC adsorption is, in part, based
on its long history of effectively removing organic contaminants from
groundwater. The success of GAC in removing these types of organic
contaminants has resulted in the SDWA Amendments stating that
other treatment techniques must be at least as effective as GAC in
order to be considered as a "Best Available Technology. Thus, GAC has
been established as the benchmark technology, and its use should be
considered in any evaluation of technologies for treatment of
groundwater.

BOYCE GAC SOLUTIONS FOR GROUND WATER REMEDIATIONS:

Boyce Granular activated carbon gained experience in all aspects of

ground water
remediation. BOYCE grades of GACs are designed to remove 83
specific contaminants reported to cover under the 1986 Amendments
to the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA).
In situ flushing systems An in situ flushing system is a remediation
technique that may be used on a zone of contaminated ground water.
Boyce Carbon supplies special grades of Granular activated carbons to
be used for the treatment of solution in the extraction wells of these
systems. Typically Boyce GAC are best grades recommended based on
the types of impurities to be removed.

Air sparging

Air sparging is an In situ groundwater remediation technology that

involves the injection of a gas (usually air) under pressure, into a well
installed in the contaminated zone. Boyce GAC may be needed to
polish the vapor stream to comply with organics emissions limits in air
sparging ground water remediation technology.

Direct Adsorption

Treating contaminated water source directly with activated carbon is

such a solution for many remediation problems. Usually granular grade
like Boyce GAC 830R is used. For waters containing high levels of
suspended solids that will generate sludge, Boyce powdered activated
carbon may be added directly to the mixture, treating the water and
then settling with the rest of the sludge. The carbon will stabilize of
“fix” impurities within the sludge and improve its dewatering
characteristics

In –well vapor stripping

In-well vapor stripping involves the creation of a groundwater

circulation pattern and simultaneously aeration within the stripping
well to volatilize VOCs from well water. The VOCs being removed from
the well are in the gas phase and therefore a gas phase carbon should
be used to capture the vapors.

Boyce supplies gas phase carbon grades required for In-well Vapor
stripping .The smaller mesh size of the Boyce Activated carbon is
preferred for this purpose Air stripping. When treating with high
concentrations of organic impurities, particularly if they are volatile
compounds, it is often more economical to use air stripping technique.
Fortunately Boyce also manufactures gas phase carbon grades such as
Boyce Granular activated carbons are very effective at adsorbing most
VOCs.

Have more questions? Please give us a call for multiple sack or pallet
orders +9198420 91301 (or) mail@boyce.in .