CREDO DE LOS APSTOLES

FORMA ROMANA VETUS.

BEFORE A.D. 341.

Credo in DEUM PATREM omnipotentem.

Et in JESUM CHRISTUM, Filium ejus unicum, Dominum nostrum;

qui natus est de Spiritu Sancto et Maria virgine;

sub Pontio Pilato crucifixus, et sepultus;

tertia die resurrexit a mortuis;

ascendit in clum, sedet ad dexteram Patris;

inde venturus judicare vivos et mortuos.

Et in SPIRITUM SANCTUM;

Sanctam, Ecclesiam;

remissionem peccatorum;

carnis resurrectionem.

The Latin text of the old Roman Creed first appears in RUFINUS,Espositio Symboli Apostolici, towards the end of the
fourth century (compare the Appendix to the Opp. Cyprini, ed. John Fell, Oxon. 1682, fol. pp. 17 sqq.), but it must
be much older (see note 3 below). The faithful transmission of the Creed in the Church of the City of Rome is testified
by Ambrose,Epistola ad Siricium Pap.: 'Credatur Symbolo Apostolorum, quod Ecclesia Romana intemeratum semper
custodit et servat;' and by Vigilius of Thapsus,Contra Entych.1. IV. c. I: 'Rom . . . a temporibus Apostolorum usque
ad nunc . . . ita fidelibus Symbolum traditur.' Compare Hahn,Bibliothek der Symbole, pp. 3, 30, 42, 43. On the
difference between the old Roman form and the enlarged received text, see Vol. I. pp. 21, 22.
PROFESSIO FIDEI MARCELLI ANCYRANI.

BEFORE A.D. 341.

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The Greek text is to be found in Epiphanius, Hres. LXXII.Opp. ed. Petav. Tom. I. p. 836; ed. Oehler in Corp.
hreseol.Tom. II. Pt. III. p. 52. It was inserted in a letter written by MARCELLUS OF ANCYRA to Julius I, Bishop of
Rome, about 341 (or 337, as Hahn and Caspari assume), with a view to prove his orthodoxy against the Eusebians,
who, under the impeachment of heresy, had previously deposed him. (As regards the chronology, see
Zahn,Marcellus von Ancyra, Gotha, 1867, p. 68.) It occurs also, in Anglo-Saxon letters, in the Psaltery of King
Athelstan (d. 941), to which Ussher first called attention. See a fac-simile in Heurtley, p. 80, and the copy and
comments in Caspari, Vol. III. pp. 5 sqq. The Greek text of Marcellus differs from the Latin of Rufinus only by the
omission of the predicate (Father) in the first article (which may be an error of the copyist), and by the
addition of the last two words, (which occur also in the creed of Petrus Chrysologus of Ravenna). It
was heretofore regarded as a translation of the Roman Creed, but Caspari, with a vast amount of learning (Vol. III.
pp. 28 sqq.), has made it almost certain that it is the original Creed of the Roman Church, in which the Greek
language prevailed during the first two centuries. It was probably transplanted to Rome from Asia Minor early in the
second century. It is simpler and older than the rules of faith of Tertullian and Irenus.