Exercise 3.

1:
Exercise 3.2:
Q1.Express each of the following numbers in
scientific notation.
i. 5700
A. Q1. Find the common logarithm of the
ii. 49,800,000 following numbers:
A.
iii. 96,000,000 i. 232.92
A. r t r st s
iv. 416.9 t ss
A.
v. 83,000 ii. 29.326
A. r t r st s
vi. 0.00643 t ss
A.
vii. 0.0074 iii. 0.00032
A. r t r st s
viii. 60,000,000 t ss

A.
ix. 0.00000000395 iv. 0.3206
A. r t r st s
t ss
x.

Q2. If , find the values
of following:
i. log 3.109
r t r st s
t ss

ii. log 310.9

r t r st s
Q2. Express the following numbers in t ss
ordinary notation.
i. iii. log 0.003109
r t r st s
ii. t ss

iii. iv. log 0.3109
r t r st s
iv. t ss

Q3. Find the numbers whose common logarithms

are:
i. 3.5621
Since it is log of any number. So,
r t r st s
t ss
 y t ss t t w t ii.

So, t Writing in exponential form:

ii.

Since it is log of any number. So,

r t r st s
t ss
y t ss t t w t

So, t 0 Q6. Evaluate the value of x from the

following statements.
Q4. What replacement for the unknown in i. 5
each of following will make the statement
Writing in exponential form:
true?
i.
Writing in exponential form:
ii.
Writing in exponential form:

ii.
Writing in exponential form:

Squaring on both sides: iii.
Writing in exponential form:
iii.
Writing in exponential form:

iv.
Writing in logarithmic form:

iv.
Q5. Evaluate
Writing in exponential form:
i.
Taking square root on both sides:

v.
Writing in exponential form: Writing in exponential form:

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 1
(iii) log a n log a 1 log a n log a n .....

Laws of Logarithm: ( log a 1 0)
In this section we shall prove the laws of
(iii)
logarithm:
i.
Writing in exponential form:
ii. ( )
iii. Taking nth power on both sides:
iv.
Writing in logarithmic form:
(i)
Putting value of x

Writing in exponential form: (iv) Change of Base Formula:

;
Multiplying (1) and (2)
Writing in exponential form:

Writing in logarithmic form: Taking wt s t sd s

Putting the values of x and y:

By 3rd law:
Note:
(i) log a (mn) log a m log a n x

(ii) log a m log a n log a (m n) Putt v u f x

(iii) loga (mnp..)=loga m+loga n+logap+..
The rule given above is useful in finding the
product of two or more numbers using logarithms.
(ii) ( )
Exercise 3.3:
Q1. Write the following into sum or
Writing in exponential form: difference.
; (i)
Dividing (1) by (2) By 1st law of logarithm:
=
(ii)
By 2nd law of logarithm:
Writing in logarithmic form:

(iii)
Putting the values of x and y: By 2nd law of logarithm:

By 1st law of logarithm:

Note:
m log a m
(i) log a (iv)
n log a n
(ii) log a m log a n log a (m n) rd
By 3 law of logarithm:

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 Q4. Calculate the following:
(i)
By 2nd law of logarithm:

(v)
By 2nd law of logarithm:

By 3rd law of logarithm:

(vi)
By 2nd law of logarithm:

By 1st law of logarithm: (ii)

Q2. Express
as a single logarithm.
By re arranging

By 3rd law:

By 1st law:

By 2nd law: Q5. If log 2 0.3010, log 3 0.4771,

log 5 0.6990 , then find the values of the
Simplifying following.
(i)

Q3. Write the following in the form of a single (ii)

logarithm.

(i)

(ii)
(iii)

(iii)

(iv)

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 T f d x t t t sd s
(iv)

iii.

t
(v)

Taking log on both sides:

Exercise 3.4

Q1. Use log tables to find the values of

i.
t

Taking log on both sides:

T f d x t t t sd s

iv.

T f d x t t t sd s t

Taking log on both sides:

ii.

Taking log on both sides:

T f d x t t t sd s

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v.

Taking log on both sides:

T f d x t t t sd s

vii.

Taking log on both sides:

( )

T f d x t t t sd s

vi.

Taking log on both sides:

T f d x t t t sd s

( )

viii.

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 Taking antilog on both sides:
t

Taking log on both sides:

q
p 90 5

Q3.The formula 10 applies to the

( ) d d f pr du t w r q s t u r f
units and p is the price of one unit. How many units
will be demanded if the price is Rs. 18.00?
P=18 ;

Taking log on both sides:

( )

To f d x t t t sd s

Q2. A gas is expanding according to the law

5
PV n C . Find C when P=80, V=3.1 and n .
4

Q4 If
Taking log on both sides:

Taking log on both sides:

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Taking antilog on both sides:

1 2 22
Q5. If v r h , find v when , r 2.5
3 7
and h 4.2 .

Taking log on both sides:

Taking antilog on both sides:

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