1.

1 Description of Equipment

A Ultrafiltration (UF) system capable of producing 3.1 m3/hr (???) of filtered water is installed in
Kampung Pinag. The system is completely self-contained and includes equipment required for
unattended automatic operation. All equipment (except the feed water tank and filtered water tank)
is skid-mounted and controlled by a single local control system.
The system consists the following equipment :
i. Feed Water Tank
The raw water will be fed into the feed water tank by gravity. The tank has two (2) level switches
installed. The low switch is used to protect the feed water pump from running dry and the high
switch is used to give the signal to the system to run the filtration process.
ii. Pre-filtration system
Two pre-filters are installed is installed on the UF system as pre-treatment for the ultrafiltration
membrane to prevent the UF membrane from being scratched. It is a disc filter rated for 200
micron filtration.
iii. Filtration pumps
The filtration pump supplied is a single-stage, centrifugal type pump which operates during
filtration and rinse modes of the UF system.

Note:
The pump must NEVER be run dry. Operating the pump without sufficient feed water
could damage the pump.
Do not let the pump dead-head by allowing blockage in the discharge piping.

iv. Ultrafiltration Membranes

Two (2) hollow-fiber UF membrane modules are installed on the UF system. The membrane
cleaning procedure is described in detail in another section of this manual.
The UF system uses hydrophilic capillary membranes to separate a high percentage of
suspended and dissolved molecules. Only certain types of molecules, like water, can pass
through the membrane. Other larger molecules do not pass through the membrane and are left
behind.
The membrane is made of thin hollow-fibers with microscopic pores that let water pass
through while acting as a barrier to stop dissolved and suspended particles. The UF membrane
used on the system are an outside-in configuration where the feed water stays on the exterior
of the membrane fiber and the filtered water passes into the core of the hollow fiber.
The UF membrane can be backwashed by pumping filtered water in opposite direction of the
feed flow through the inside of the fiber. The efficiency of the backwash can be enhanced by
adding chemical into the backwash water.
The system is designed to operate automatically in conjunction with two tanks; the feed water
tank and the filtred water tank.
The membrance specification and typical performance are summarised in the tables below.
 Table 2 Membrane parameter

Table 3 Membrane performance

The water quality in the Kampung Pinang is assumed to be similar with the water quality in
Kampung Susu. The treated water is expected to have the following water quality:

Table 4 Expected feedwater and permeate quality

v. Ultraviolet (UV) System

A UV system is used to sterilize and disinfect the permeate water from the UF system.
vi. Filtered Water Tank
The water pass through the UF system and UV system is stored in the filtered water tank. The
filtered water is also used as backwash water during backwash operation.
This tank has two (2) level switches installed. The low switch are used to protect the backwash
pump from running dry and the high switch is used to give the signal to the system to stop the
filtration process.
vii. Flowmeters and Control Valves
 There are five (5) control valves installed. These control valves (AV-1 to 5)are the primary means
for the user to control the operation and backwash flow for the UF operation.
Three flowmeters (rotameters) are used to monitor the flowrate of the system. They are
installed on the downstream of pre-filter, downstream of AV-2 and downstream of AV-3,
viii. Backwash Pumps
The backwash pump supplied is a single-stage, centrifugal type pump which operates during the
backwash mode of the UF system.
Notes:

Note:
The pump must NEVER be run dry. Operating the pump without sufficient feed water
could damage the pump.
Do not let the pump dead-head by allowing blockage in the discharge piping.

ix. Pressure Gauges

Liquid-filled pressure gauges are installed at numerous points in the UF system to measure and
display the operating pressures. The normal operating range of each pressure gauge is displayed
in Table 2 below
x. Chemical Dosing System
.Chemical dosing pump, tank and chemical used..