PROJECT

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ORION/1162/BW

'(6,*1&$/&8/$7,216)25
35(&$67%281'$5<:$//
19/07/2017
5HY

&OLHQW

AL NAKHEEL HYGINE PAPER MILL

MANUFACTURING LLC
Abu Dhabi, U.A.E

&RQVXOWDQW

&RQWUDFWRU

ORION CONTRACTING L.L.C

RAK, U.A.E
 

CONTENTS

1. Introduction

2. Stability calculations

3. Calculation of Weights

4. Check for Stability against overturning

5. Design of wall panel

6. Design of Typical Footing F1

7. Design of lifting hooks

Appendix A

A.1 Wind load calculations (External Wind)

A.2 Wind load calculations (Internal Wind)

A.3 Moment due to Seismic force


Appendix B

References

 

1.0 DESIGN DE

This document contains design calculations for precast boundary wall with back fill upto
proposed filling level. Since the design is safe when the inside ground level is raised to
F.L.L (Finished Landscape Level) with outside ground level being 150 mm below inside
F.L.L, calculations are presented only for stage-1 (with earth fill upto proposed filling
level).

Following data is used for design calculations.

1.2 Dimensional Details

All the dimensions are given in the Drawings submitted along with the document.

1.3 Loads

Dead Loads :

Unit Weight - Concrete = 24 kN/cu.m

- Soil = 18 kN/cu.m

Self Weight = Ref. Calculations

Wind Load :

Un-factored wind load = Ref. Appendix A

1.4 Materials

Concrete Grade :

Precast Concrete fcu = 40 N/Sq.mm

Reinforcing Steel:

Grade fy = 460 N/Sq.mm

Youngs Modulus,Es. Es = 200 kN/Sq.mm

1.5 Soil Characteristics

Safe Bearing Capacity = 50 kN/Sq.m (S17000056-Rev.1-

Interpretative Report
Soil report attached

1.6 References

1. CP3 : Chapter V: Part 2 Code of Basic Data for Design of Buildings Chapter V.
Loading, Part 2. Wind Load

2. BS 8110: Structural Use of Concrete

 ORION
Precast

2.0 Stability calculations for Footing-F1

Panel size, Length L = 4.0 m

Panel above GL (inside) H = 2 + 0.35 = 2.35 m
Thickness of panel t = 120 mm
Foundation depth below GL h = 0.4 + 0.60 = 0.95 m
Height of G.L above upstand h1 = 0.10 m
Depth of panel below GL at center = 0.75 m

2.1 Wind Load

2
Wind force (External) = 0.86 kN/m (Ref. Appendix -A)

Wind force on each footing = 0.86 x ( 4.0 x 2.35 )

= 8.08 kN

Wind moment at footing top = 8.08 x ( 2.35 / 2 + 0.95 - 0.25 )

= 15.16 kN.m

3.0 Calculation of weights for Footing-F1

Weight of Panel = 0.12 x( 4.0 x 3.1 + 2 x -0.05 x

0.80 )x 24
= 1.48 x 24 = 35.5 kN

Weight of Footing = 1.60 x 4.00 x 0.25 x 24

= 1.60 x 24 = 38.4 kN

Weight of footing upstand = 2 x 0 x 0.3 x 0.6 x 24

= 0.00 x 24 = 0.00 kN

Weight of back fill Soil = 4 x 1.48 x 0.35 x 17

- 2 x 0 x 0.3 x 0.6 x 17
= 35.2 kN

Total load on foundation = 35.5 + 38.4 + 0 + 35.2 = 109.1 kN

4.0 Check for stability against overturning for Footing-F1

Overturning moment = 8.08 x Pint / Pext x ( 2.35 / 2 + 1.0 ) + 2.34

about edge of base = 12.09 kN.m

Stabilising moment = 35.48 x 0.12 / 2 + 38.4 x 1.60 / 2

about edge of base + 0.00 x 0.27 + 35.2 x 0.86
(about front heel) = 63.14 kN.m

Factor of Safety = 63.14 / 12.09

= 5.223 > 1.5 Safe
 ORION
Precast

4.1 Stability calculations for Footing-F2

Wind force (External) = 0.86 kN/m2 (Ref. Appendix -A)

Wind force on each footing = 0.86 x (( 4.0 - 1.5 ) x 2.35 )/2 + 1.5 )
= 6.62 kN

Wind moment at footing top = 6.62 x ( 2.35 / 2 + 0.95 - 0.25 )

= 12.42 kN.m

4.2 Calculation of weights for Footing-F2

Weight of Panel including = 0.12 x (( 4.0 - 1.5 )/2 + 1.5 ) x 3.1 +

false columns -0.05 x 0.80 )) x 24

= 24.44 kN

Weight of Footing = 1.60 x 4.00 x 0.25 x 24

= 38.40 kN

Weight of footing upstand = 1 x 0.00 x 0.30 x 0.60 x 24

= 0.00 kN

Weight of back fill Soil = 4.00 x 1.48 x 0.7 x 17

- 1 x 0.00 x 0.30 x 0.60 x 17
= 70.4 kN

Total load on foundation = 24.44 + 38.4 + 0 + 70.4 = 133.3 kN

4.3 Check for stability against overturning for Footing-F2

Overturning moment = 6.62 x Pint / Pext x ( 2.35 / 2 + 1.0 )

about edge of base = 7.99 kN.m

Stabilising moment = 24.44 x 0.12 / 2 ) + ( 38.4 ) x ( 1.60 / 2)

about edge of base + 0.00 x 0.27 + 70.4 x 0.86
(about front heel) = 92.77 kN.m

Factor of Safety = 92.77 / 7.99

= 11.61 > 1.5 Safe

 ORION
5.0 Moment due to buckling of wall panel under selfweight Precast

L/2

dy

Segment

1000

h1

h2

Self weight diagram deflection diagram

600

Elevation of wall panel

Fig.1

Length of wall panel L = 4.1 m

Height of wall panel H+h1 = 2.5 + 0.10 = 2.60 m

Thickness of wall panel t = 150 mm

5.0.1 Slenderness of wall :

End conditions of the wall panel:

Top = free (4)

Bottom = fixed (1)

Ref. BS: 8110 : part I, table 3.22 , : = 2.2

Effective height of the wall Le = 2.2 x 2.60

= 5.72 m

Slenderness ratio Le/h = 5.72 / 0.15

= 38.13 > 30
(Ref. BS: 8110: Part 1,Table 3.25)

Therefore, the panel has to be designed for the additional moment due to slenderness.
 ORION
5.0.2 Moment due to slenderness: Since the self weigth of the panel and the corresponding
Precast
deflection of the panel varies along the height, the integration method is used.

Consider a segment of depth "dy " at a height of " y " from the bottom as given in Fig. 1

Effective height upto the segment, le = 2.2 x y

Weight of the segment N' = 0.15 x 2.1 x dy x 24

= 7.38 dy

Deflection due to slender a'u = :K h

= : x 1 x h
2
= (l e/b) /2000 x 0.15
2
= (2.2 y/h) /2000 x 0.15
2 2
= (2.2 / 0.15 ) y / 2000 x 0.15
2
= 0.108 y x 0.15
2
= 0.016 y

Moment due to buckling M'add = N' x a'u

= 7.38 dy x 0.016 y2

= 0.119 y2 dy

2.60
2
Moment over the total .M'add = . 0.119 y dy
heigth (from 0 to 2.60 m) 0

2.60
= 0.119 . y2 dy
0
2.60
3
= 0.119 [ y / 3 ] dy
0

3
= 0.119 x 2.60 / 3 - 0

= 0.698 kN.m

Factored slenderness moment Madd = 1.4 x 0.698

= 0.98 kN.m
 ORION
5.1 Design of wall panel for External wind load Precast

L
L/2 L/2

h1 1000

h2

600 600
Elevation of wall panel

Fig.2

5.1.1 Design data

Length of wall panel L = 4.1 m

Height of wall panel h = 2.50 m

fcu = 30 Mpa fy = 460 Mpa

Eff. width of the panel b = 1.0 m

Thickness of wall panel d = 150 mm

5.1.2 Design loads

Factored wind load Vu = 1.4 x 0.86 x 2.1 x 2.50

(on shaded area) = 6.2 kN

Factored Moment = 6.2 x ( 2.50 /2 + 0 )

due to wind = 8.3 kN.m

Total factored moment Mu = Moment due to wind + Moment due to buckling

= 8.3 + 0.98
= 9.3 kN.m
 ORION
Precast
Axial load due self wt. = 0.150 x ( 4.1 x 2.50 + 2 x
of panel 0.70 x 0.80 ) x 24
= 40.9 kN

5.1.3 Design for axial loads & moments

Effective section of panel = 150 x 800 mm

connection

Axial load due self wt. = 40.9 kN (Ref. Design loads)

of panel

Ref. BS: 8110: Cl 3.4.4.1:

Effect of axial load can be neglected if the axial load < 0.1 fcu Ac

0.1 fcu Ac = 0.1 x 30 x 150 x 800 /1000

= 360 kN > F = 40.9 kN

Since the axial loads are negligible, the section is designed for only moments.

5.1.3 Design for Bending Moment

Factored moment Mu = 9.3 kN (Ref. Design loads)

Eff. Depth d = 150 - 54 - 6 = 90 mm

K = Mu/(fcu x b x d2)
= 9.3 x 10 6 /( 30 x 1000 x 90
2
)
= 0.038 < 0.156

Lever arm z = 0.95 x Eff. Depth

(Ref. BS: 8110: Part-1, Section 3.4.4.4)

z = 86 mm X = ( d - z )/ 0.45 = 10 mm

Ast = Mu/(0.87 x fy x z) = 272 mm2

Provide 12 Nos. 12 mm dia. Bars + 2 No. 12 mm dia bar

(as per crack width requirement)

2 2
Ast = 1470 mm > Ast.req = 272 mm Safe

Pt = 1.63 %

Allowable shear stress vc = 0.74 N/mm2 (Ref: BS: 8110: Part-1, Table 3.9)
 ORION
5.1.4 Check for Shear: Precast

Factored Shear Force Vu = 6.2 kN (Ref. Design loads)

Shear stress L = 6.17 x 10 3

1000 x 90

2
= 0.069 N/mm < 0.74 N/mm2 Safe

5.1.5 Provision for U-bars: U-bars projecting from the precast wall panel will be used for
stiching the panel with the footing. Horizontal forces due to wind
will be transferred to the footing through these U-bars.

Provide 8 mm dia. U-bars

Factored wind load Vu = 6.2 kN (On shaded area)

Tensile strength of 2 legs = 0.87 x 460 x 2 x 50

of 8 mm dia. U-Bar
= 40232 N

= 40.2 kN > 6.17 kN Safe

 ORION
Precast
5.2 Design of wall panel for wind load from inside

L
L/2 L/2

h1 1000

h2

600 600
Elevation of wall panel
Fig.3

5.2.1 Design data

Length of wall panel L = 4.1 m

Height of wall panel h = 2.50 m

fcu = 40 Mpa fy = 460 Mpa

Eff. width of the panel b = 1.0 m

Thickness of wall panel d = 150 mm

5.2.2 Design loads

Factored wind load Vu = 1.4 x 0.49 x 2.1 x 2.50

(on shaded area) = 3.50 kN

Factored Moment = 3.50 x ( 2.50 /2 + 0.1 )

= 4.7 kN.m

Total factored moment Mu = Moment due to wind + buckling + earth pressure

= 4.7 + 0.98 + 0.4 x 1.4
= 6.3 kN.m
 ORION
5.1.3 Design for axial loads & moments Precast

Effective section of panel = 150 x 800 mm

connection

Axial load due self wt. = 40.9 kN (Ref. Cl: 5.1.2)

of panel

Ref. BS: 8110: Cl 3.4.4.1:

Effect of axial load can be neglected if the axial load < 0.1 fcu Ac

0.1 fcu Ac = 0.1 x 40 x 150 x 800 /1000

= 480 kN > F = 40.9 kN

Since the axial loads are negligible, the section is designed for only moments.

5.2.3 Design for Bending Moment

Factored moment Mu = 6.3 kN (Ref. Design loads)

Eff. Depth d = 150 - 90 = 60 mm

K = Mu/(fcu x b x d2)
= 6.3 x 10 6 / ( 40 x 1000 x 60
2
)
= 0.043 < 0.156

Lever arm z = d x (0.5+sqrt(0.25-K/0.9))

(Ref. BS: 8110: Part-1, Section 3.4.4.4)

z = 57 mm X = ( d - z )/ 0.45 = 7 mm

Ast = Mu/(0.87 x fy x z) = 275 mm2

Provide 12 Nos. 12 mm dia. Bars + 2 No. 12 mm dia. bar

(as per crack width requirement)

2 2
Ast = 1583 mm > Ast.req = 275 mm Safe

Pt = 2.64 %

Allowable shear stress vc = 0.87 N/mm2 (Ref: BS: 8110: Part-1, Table 3.9)
 ORION
Precast
5.2.4 Check for Shear:

Factored Shear Force Vu = 3.5 kN (Ref. Load on shaded)

Shear stress L = 3.50 x 10 3

1000 x 60

2
= 0.058 N/mm < 0.87 N/mm2 Hence Safe
 ORION
5.3 Design of un-cracked wall panel Precast

Height of the wall panel = 2.35 + 0.70 = 3.05 m

Privided thickness of wall = 120 mm

fcu = 40 Mpa fy = 460 Mpa

Wind pressure w = 0.86 kN/m 2

Length of the wall L = 4.0 m

Self weight per 1.0 m width of wall panel = 0.12 x 24

= 2.9 kN/m

5.3.1 Design for Bending Moment Considering 1 m width of wall panel for design

During Handling: When the panel is lifted about one edge

Impact Factor = 1.5

2
Moment Mu1 = 1.5 x w L /8
= 1.50 x 2.88 x( 3.05 )2 /8
= 5.02 kN.m
After Erection:

Max. sagging moment Mu+ = WuL2/8

2
= 1.4 x 0.86 x 5.0 / 8
= 3.76 kN.m

Critical Moment for design, Mu = 5.02 kN.m

5.3.2 Moment of resistance of un-cracked section

Moment of resistance Mr = fr x Z (Uncracked section)

fr = 0.60 x fcu (Ref. BS: 8110: Part 1,Cl: 4.12.2)

2
= 3.79 N/mm

2
Z = 1000 x 120 / 6
= 2400000 mm 3

Therefore, Mr = 3.79 x 2400000

= 9.11 kN.m > Mu = 5.02 kN.m Safe

Provide 8 mm dia. 200 mm c/c welded mesh

10.0 Design of lifting hooks for wall panels
ORION
Precast

Weight of the panel w = 35.5 kN

Factored wt. Of panel wu = 3 x 35.48

= 106.4 kN

Load on each hook Pu = 106.4 / 2

= 53.22 kN

Dia. Of the hook M = 16 mm

fcu = 30 Mpa fy = 275 Mpa

Load taken by each hook, Q = 0.87 fy x Eff. Area of bar

2
= 0.87 x 275 x 2 xH/ 4 x 16
= 96208 N
= 96.21 kN > 53.22 kN Safe

Anchorage length Ld = 46 x M (Ref. Table.3.29, BS: 8110)

= 46.0 x 16
= 736 mm

Required anchorage length = 736 x 53.22 / 96.21

= 407 mm

Provide the hook of length 750 mm > 407 mm Safe

(Or), lifting anchors

Factored load on each hook = 1.3 x 35.48 / 2 = 23.06 kN

Provide a Halfen-Deha transport anchors: TPA - FA 4.0 - 27

 ORION
10.1 Design of lifting hooks for footings Precast

Weight of the footing w = 38.40 kN

Factored wt. Of footing wu = 3 x 38.40

= 115.2 kN

Load on each hook Pu = 115.2 / 2

= 57.6 kN

Dia. Of the hook M = 16 mm

fcu = 30 Mpa fy = 250 Mpa

Load taken by each hook, Q = 0.87 fy x Eff. Area of bar

2
= 0.87 x 250 x 2 xH/4 x 16
= 87462 N
= 87.46 kN > 57.60 kN Safe

Anchorage length Ld = 46 x M (Ref. Table.3.29, BS: 8110)

= 46.0 x 16 = 736 mm

Length of 900 bend = 100 mm

Net achorage length = 736 - 100 = 636 mm

Required anchorage length = 636 x 57.60 / 87.46

= 419 mm

Provide the hook of length 450 mm > 419 mm Safe

 Job Number Sheet
Job Title
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date

Boundary Wall Design : Ver W2.0.02 - 31 Oct 2003

Title :
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Seepage allowed
Active pressure applied on back of shear key for sliding

Theory : Coulomb
Wall type : Cantilever

SEISMIC ANALYSIS SETTINGS:

Seismic Analysis ON/OFF:OFF

+RU$FFHO J 
9HUW$FFHO J 
,QFOXGH//
V 

VALUES OF PRESSURE COEFFICIENTS:

Active Pressure coefficient Ka :0.480

Passive Pressure coefficient Kp :2.419
Base frictional constant :0.325

FORCES ACTING ON THE WALL AT SLS:

All forces/moments are per m width

FORCES (kN ) and their LEVER ARMS (m )

Description F Horizontal Lever arm F Vertical Lever arm
left (+) down (+)
Destabilizing forces:
Total Active pressure Pa 4.723 0.333 0.833 0.120
As a result of surcharge w 2.362 0.500 0.416 0.120
Applied horiz. Line Load 1.800 3.200

Stabilizing forces:
Passive pressure on base Pp -24.190 0.333
Weight of the wall + base 16.116 0.332
Weight of soil on the base 17.250 0.695
UDL of 5.0 kPa 5.750 0.695

EQUILIBRIUM CALCULATIONS AT SLS

All forces/moments are per m width

1.Moment Equilibrium

Point of rotation: bottom front corner of base.

For Overturning moment Mo calculate as follows:

Mo = Sum(hor. forces x l.a.) - Sum(vert. forces x l.a.)
For Stabilizing moment Mr calculate as follows:
Mr = -Sum(hor. forces x l.a.) + Sum(vert. forces x l.a.)
where l.a. = lever arm of each force.
 Job Number Sheet
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E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date

Stabilizing moment Mr : 29.40 kNm

Destabilizing moment Mo : 8.37 kNm

Safety factor against overturning = Mr/Mo = 3.514

2.Force Equilibrium at SLS

Sum of Vertical forces Pv : 40.37 kN

Frictional resistance Pfric : 13.12 kN
Passive Pressure on shear key : 0.00 kN
Passive pressure on base : 24.19 kN
=> Total Horiz. resistance Fr : 37.31 kN

Horizontal sliding force on wall Fhw : 8.89 kN

Horizontal sliding force on shear key Fht : 0.00 kN
=> Total Horizontal sliding force Fh : 8.89 kN

Safety factor against overall sliding = Fr/Fh = 4.199

FORCES ACTING ON THE WALL AT ULS:

All forces/moments are per m width

FORCES (kN ) and their LEVER ARMS (m )

Description F Horizontal Lever arm F Vertical Lever arm
left (+) down (+)
Destabilizing forces:
Total Active pressure Pa 7.085 0.333 1.249 0.120
As a result of surcharge w 3.543 0.500 0.625 0.120
Applied horiz. Line Load 2.700 3.200

Stabilizing forces:
Passive pressure on base Pp -36.285 0.333
Weight of the wall + base 24.174 0.332
Weight of soil on the base 25.875 0.695
UDL of 7.5 kPa 8.625 0.695

EQUILIBRIUM CALCULATIONS AT ULS

All forces/moments are per m width

1.Moment Equilibrium

Point of rotation: bottom front corner of base.

For Overturning moment Mo calculate as follows:

Mo = Sum(hor. forces x l.a.) - Sum(vert. forces x l.a.)
For Stabilizing moment Mr calculate as follows:
Mr = -Sum(hor. forces x l.a.) + Sum(vert. forces x l.a.)
where l.a. = lever arm of each force.

Stabilizing moment Mr : 44.10 kNm

Destabilizing moment Mo : 12.55 kNm

Safety factor against overturning = Mr/Mo = 3.514

2.Force Equilibrium at ULS

Sum of Vertical forces Pv : 60.55 kN

Frictional resistance Pfric : 19.67 kN
Passive Pressure on shear key : 0.00 kN
Passive pressure on base : 36.29 kN
=> Total Horiz. resistance Fr : 55.96 kN

Horizontal sliding force on wall Fhw : 13.33 kN

Horizontal sliding force on shear key Fht : 0.00 kN
=> Total Horizontal sliding force Fh : 13.33 kN

Safety factor against overall sliding = Fr/Fh = 4.199

 Job Number Sheet
Job Title
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date

SOIL PRESSURES UNDER BASE AT SLS

Maximum pressure : 48.90 kPa

Minimum pressure : 14.67 kPa
Maximum pressure occurs at left hand side of base

WALL MOMENTS (ULS) AND REINFORCEMENT TO BS8110 - 1997

Position from Moment Front Reinforcing Back Reinforcing Nominal (0.13%)

base top (m ) (kNm ) (mm/m ) (mm/m ) (mm/m )

0.00 4.96 0.00 170.74 156.00

0.06 5.56 0.00 191.21 156.00
0.12 6.02 0.00 207.23 156.00
0.18 6.37 0.00 219.21 156.00
0.24 6.61 0.00 227.57 156.00
0.30 6.76 0.00 232.72 156.00
0.35 6.83 0.00 235.07 156.00
0.41 6.83 0.00 235.05 156.00
0.47 6.77 0.00 233.07 156.00
0.53 6.67 0.00 229.55 156.00
0.59 6.54 0.00 224.89 156.00
0.65 6.38 0.00 219.53 156.00
0.71 6.22 0.00 213.87 156.00
0.77 6.05 0.00 208.30 156.00
0.83 5.89 0.00 202.82 156.00
0.89 5.73 0.00 197.34 156.00
0.94 5.58 0.00 191.86 156.00
1.00 5.42 0.00 186.38 156.00
1.06 5.26 0.00 180.90 156.00
1.12 5.10 0.00 175.41 156.00
1.18 4.94 0.00 169.93 156.00
1.24 4.78 0.00 164.45 156.00
1.30 4.62 0.00 158.97 156.00
1.36 4.46 0.00 153.49 156.00
1.42 4.30 0.00 148.01 156.00
1.48 4.14 0.00 142.52 156.00
1.53 3.98 0.00 137.04 156.00
1.59 3.82 0.00 131.56 156.00
1.65 3.66 0.00 126.08 156.00
1.71 3.50 0.00 120.60 156.00
1.77 3.35 0.00 115.12 156.00
1.83 3.19 0.00 109.63 156.00
1.89 3.03 0.00 104.15 156.00
1.95 2.87 0.00 98.67 156.00
2.01 2.71 0.00 93.19 156.00
2.07 2.55 0.00 87.71 156.00
2.12 2.39 0.00 82.23 156.00
2.18 2.23 0.00 76.74 156.00
2.24 2.07 0.00 71.26 156.00
2.30 1.91 0.00 65.78 156.00
2.36 1.75 0.00 60.30 156.00
2.42 1.59 0.00 54.82 156.00
2.48 1.43 0.00 49.34 156.00
2.54 1.27 0.00 43.85 156.00
2.60 1.12 0.00 38.37 156.00
2.66 0.96 0.00 32.89 156.00
2.71 0.80 0.00 27.41 156.00
2.77 0.64 0.00 21.93 156.00
2.83 0.48 0.00 16.45 156.00
2.89 0.32 0.00 10.96 156.00
2.95 0.16 0.00 5.48 156.00

BASE MOMENTS (ULS) AND REINFORCEMENT TO BS8110 - 1997

Position from Moment Top Reinforcing Bot Reinforcing Nominal (0.13%)

left (m ) (kNm ) (mm/m ) (mm/m ) (mm/m )
 Job Number Sheet
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0.03 -0.00 0.00 0.00 325.00

0.05 -0.02 0.00 0.25 325.00
0.08 -0.08 0.00 1.00 325.00
0.10 -0.11 1.45 0.00 325.00
0.13 0.45 5.72 0.00 325.00
0.15 0.42 5.35 0.00 325.00
0.18 0.40 5.13 0.00 325.00
0.20 0.39 4.91 0.00 325.00
0.23 0.37 4.69 0.00 325.00
0.25 0.35 4.48 0.00 325.00
0.28 0.34 4.27 0.00 325.00
0.30 0.32 4.07 0.00 325.00
0.33 0.31 3.88 0.00 325.00
0.36 0.29 3.68 0.00 325.00
0.38 0.28 3.50 0.00 325.00
0.41 0.26 3.32 0.00 325.00
0.43 0.25 3.14 0.00 325.00
0.46 0.23 2.97 0.00 325.00
0.48 0.22 2.80 0.00 325.00
0.51 0.21 2.64 0.00 325.00
0.53 0.20 2.48 0.00 325.00
0.56 0.18 2.33 0.00 325.00
0.58 0.17 2.18 0.00 325.00
0.61 0.16 2.04 0.00 325.00
0.64 0.15 1.90 0.00 325.00
0.66 0.14 1.77 0.00 325.00
0.69 0.13 1.64 0.00 325.00
0.71 0.12 1.51 0.00 325.00
0.74 0.11 1.40 0.00 325.00
0.76 0.10 1.28 0.00 325.00
0.79 0.09 1.17 0.00 325.00
0.81 0.08 1.07 0.00 325.00
0.84 0.08 0.97 0.00 325.00
0.86 0.07 0.87 0.00 325.00
0.89 0.06 0.78 0.00 325.00
0.91 0.06 0.70 0.00 325.00
0.94 0.05 0.62 0.00 325.00
0.97 0.04 0.55 0.00 325.00
0.99 0.04 0.47 0.00 325.00
1.02 0.03 0.41 0.00 325.00
1.04 0.03 0.35 0.00 325.00
1.07 0.02 0.29 0.00 325.00
1.09 0.02 0.24 0.00 325.00
1.12 0.02 0.20 0.00 325.00
1.14 0.01 0.16 0.00 325.00
1.17 0.01 0.12 0.00 325.00
1.19 0.01 0.09 0.00 325.00
1.22 0.00 0.06 0.00 325.00
1.24 0.00 0.04 0.00 325.00
1.27 0.00 0.02 0.00 325.00

SHEAR CHECK AT WALL-BASE JUNCTION TO BS8110 - 1997

Shear force at bottom of wall V = 13.3 kN

Shear stress at bottom of wall v = 0.19 MPa OK
Allowable shear stress vc = 0.76 MPa (based on Wall tensile reinf.)
 Job Number Sheet
Job Title
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Internet: http://www.prokon.com
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 ORION
Precast

APPENDIX - A
WINDLOADCALCULATIONSFORBOUNDARYWALL
(AsperASCE705SimplifiedProcedure)

Data:
HorizontalDimension(B) = 4.5 m References:
VerticalDimension(s=h) = 2 m
BasicWindSpeed(V) = 162 kmph
= 45 m/s ForceCoefficients,C f:(CaseA)
BuildingCategory = II Table11 s/h = 1
ExposureCategory = C Sec.6.5.6.3 B/s = 2.25
ImportanceFactor(I) = 1 Table61
GusteffectFactor(G) = 0.85 Sec.6.5.8 1 = 1.45
ForceCoefficient(Cf) = 1.39 Fig620 2 = 1.4
DirectionalityFactor(Kd) = 0.85
TopographicFactor(Kzt) = 1 ThenFor
Zg = 274.32 m Table62 2.25 = 1.39 Checkforothers
= 9.5 Table62

CalculationofDesignWindLoad:

F=qh GCf As KN Sec.6.5.14

VelocityPressure:

qh=0.613Kz Kzt Kd IV2 N/m Sec.6.5.10

Forh<4.6m,
Kz = 2.01(15/Zg) 2/ Table63
= 1.09

qh = 1150.2 N/m

F = 12.21 KN

WindPressureonWall= 1.36 KN/m

F h= 2 m
(h/2+0.05h)= 1.10
F.G.L

AtReturnCorner:
CornerLength Lr = 3.6 m 1 = 0.75
Lr/s = 1.80 Fig620 2 = 0.6
FromFigure620;
ReductionFactor = 0.63 ThenFor
1.80 = 0.63
F = 7.69 KN

WindPressureatReturnCorner= 0.85 KN/m

 ORION
Precast
:,1'/2$'&$/&8/$7,216
(Wind form outside)

A.1 Wind load on wall

Basic wind speed Vs = 45 m/s 100.7 ( Kmph)

Size of the wall b = 4.0 m h = 2.35 m d = 0.120 m

Max. length of the compound wall L = 4.50 m

A.1.1 Wind Pressure

Wind speed factors (Ref. CP 3: Chapter V : Part 2)

Topography factor S1 = 1.0

Factor for ground & Size S2 = 0.73 (Ref. Table.3)

(Class: C, Heigth h = 2.4 m, Max. dimension > 50 m
Ground roughness:1, open ground without obstructions)

Statistical factor S3 = 1.0

Design wind speed Vs = Vo x S1 x S2 x S3

= 45 x 1.0 x 0.73 x 1.0
= 32.9 m/s

2 2
Wind pressure p = 0.613 Vs = 0.613 x 32.9
2
= 662 N/mm
2
= 0.66 kN/m

A.1.2 Force coefficient for wall

Ref. Table:10, CP3: Chapter V

l/w = 4.5 / 0.120 = 37.5 > 4

b/d = 4.00 / 0.120 = 33.3 > 4

Height / breadth = 2.4 / 4.0 = 0.59 > 1.0

Force coefficient Cf = 1.30

A.1.3 Wind force on the wall Pext = Cf x p

= 1.30 x 0.66 = 0.86 kN/m 2
 ORION
Precast
:,1'/2$'&$/&8/$7,216
(Wind from inside)

A.2 Wind load on wall

Basic wind speed Vs = 45 m/s 100.7 ( Kmph)

Size of the wall b = 4.0 m h = 2.35 m d = 0.120 m

Max. length of the compound wall L = 4.50 m

A.2.1 Wind Pressure

Wind speed factors (Ref. CP 3: Chapter V : Part 2)

Topography factor S1 = 1.0

Factor for ground & Size S2 = 0.55 (Ref. Table.3)

(Class: C, Heigth h = 2.4 m, Max. dimension > 50 m
Ground roughness:3, small towns, outskirts of large cities)

Statistical factor S3 = 1.0

Design wind speed Vs = Vo x S1 x S2 x S3

= 45 x 1.0 x 0.55 x 1.0
= 24.75 m/s

2 2
Wind pressure p = 0.613 Vs = 0.613 x 24.75
2
= 376 N/mm
= 0.38 kN/m2

A.2.2 Force coefficient for wall

Ref. Table:10, CP3: Chapter V

l/w = 4.5 / 0.120 = 37.5 > 4

b/d = 4.0 / 0.120 = 33.3 > 4

Height / breadth = 2.4 / 4.0 = 0.59 > 1.0

Force coefficient Cf = 1.3

A.2.3 Wind force on the wall Pint = Cf x p

= 1.30 x 0.38 = 0.49 kN/m2
 Apex
Precast

APPENDIX - B
Geotechnical Investigation For The Construction Of Boundary Wall at
Al Nakheel Paper Mill Factory, ICAD-II

Table 1: Details of the Investigated CPT (Contd.)

Coordinates
Sr. No. CPT No. Refusal Depth (m)
Easting Northing
7 CPT-05 241592.08 2687979.41 10.50
8 CPT-06 241512.91 2687909.25 10.55
9 CPT-07 241447.84 2687831.64 8.46
10 CPT-08 241367.68 2687754.77 10.24
11 CPT-09 241296.69 2687728.34 8.66
12 CPT-10 241219.86 2687807.68 9.82
13 CPT-11** 241375.00 2687940.00 9.98
14 CPT-12** 241344.00 2687971.00 10.53
15 CPT-13** 241409.00 2687965.00 9.85
*Coordinates are proposed by ACES in WGS-84
**Shifted to new location as design location is not accessible due to construction constraints

6.0 SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS

6.1 Ground Materials and Ground Water Table

The logs of boring and CPT test Results indicates general similarities and continuities in the
subsurface materials encountered.

The details of the ground materials encountered are presented in Appendix A of this Report. The
surface and subsurface conditions are described below:

1. Topography: the ground surface level as indicated by Table 1 of the ACES Report Ref. No.
S15000164 shows that the area is flat to locally irregular.
2. Rock head level and thickness of soil cover are similar throughout the investigated site and is
approximately -8.0m NADD and 10.5m respectively; which are also confirmed from the refusal
depth of Cone Penetration Tests conducted
3. The geologic description of the ground materials at the site, the approximate average depth at
which they were encountered and the field test results are presented in logs of boring in
Appendix C of the ACES Report Ref. No. S15000164. The Soil Behavior Types are also
revealed in CPT results attached in Appendix C of this report.
Accordingly, the strata encountered is composed of dense to medium dense, Silty SAND, with
interbeds of very loose, Gravelly, Very Silty SAND/Soft to firm Sandy SILT/CLAY at a depth of
2.0m to 5.0m below existing ground surface, underlain by weak to moderately weak
Crystalline GYPSUM and weak to very weak MUDSTONE bedrock.
4. The ground water level was observed to be ranging from 0.72m NADD to 1.45m NADD.
However, these water levels may be subjected to tidal and seasonal variations or induced
artificial effects; and these variations shall be taken into consideration for designing and
construction of underground structures.

7.0 RECOMMENDATIONS

According to the field and laboratory investigations, subsurface conditions, engineering analysis
revealed and practical experience, it can be concluded that the boundary wall can be satisfactorily
supported by the ground at the site, provided that the following recommendations are followed:

S17000056-Rev.1-Interpretative Report Page 4 of 8

Geotechnical Investigation For The Construction Of Boundary Wall at
Al Nakheel Paper Mill Factory, ICAD-II

7.1 Shallow Foundation

7.1.1 Shallow Foundation on Stabilized Platform

1. Scrap the ground surface up to 0.1m depth below the existing ground surface.
2. The materials encountered at the exposed excavated levels are medium dense SANDY
materials.
3. The exposed soil sub grade at the excavated level should be proof rolled by suitable vibratory
roller; any loose pockets shall be compacted to a degree of compaction not less than 95%
relative to the Modified Proctor. Any soft or unsuitable materials should be removed and
replaced with well compacted materials. Care should be taken during compaction to minimize
the degree of disturbance using light excavation machineries
4. On top of the excavated level, provide layers (minimum 3 layers) of selected grade granular
structural fill material 200mm thick each to reach the elevated level of the foundation (0.6m
above EGS) and laterally to a minimum of 1.0xB (B: Width of Footings). The layers shall be
compacted by heavy vibratory roller to a degree of compaction not less than 95% of the
maximum dry density as obtained by modified proctor compaction test (ASTM D 1557 - 07 or
BS1377).
It is recommended to keep the depth of foundation at the elevated levels above the existing
surface to keep the zone of influence of the footing at a safe distance from the soft/loose
sandy clay/silt or silty sand layer underlying the exposed subgrade.
5. Adopting the above procedure, a net allowable bearing pressure value of 0.5 kg/cm2 is
recommended to be used for the design of rigid strip footing of B=1.6m; where B is the width
of the footing. Accordingly, 0.6kg/cm3 can be used as the moduli of subgrade reaction in the
design of strip foundation.
6. Allowable bearing pressure was determined using practical experience and the results
obtained from the field standard penetration tests and cone penetration test results and
empirical equations developed as elaborated in Clause 7.1.3 which are recommended to be
used for the design of the strip/isolated foundation with width B less than or equal to 1.6m
where B the width of the foundation.
7. Foundation settlement was checked, using the allowable bearing pressure values of
0.5kg/cm2 and found to be less than the tolerable limit of 25mm for isolated footing with or
without tie beams and strip foundation. Most of this settlement will take place during the
construction period.
8. A suitable cover of engineered backfill (at least 0.3m) shall be provided above the top of the
foundation to protect the foundations ground from erosion and seasonal weather variation.

7.1.2 Shallow Foundation on Improved Platform with Soil reinforcement

1. Scrap the ground surface up to 0.1m depth below the existing ground surface.
2. The materials encountered at the exposed excavated levels are medium dense SANDY
materials.
3. The exposed soil sub grade at the excavated level should be proof rolled by suitable vibratory
roller; any loose pockets shall be compacted to a degree of compaction not less than 95%
relative to the Modified Proctor. Any soft or unsuitable materials should be removed and
replaced with well compacted materials. Care should be taken during compaction to minimize
the degree of disturbance using light excavation machineries.
4. One layer of Geogrid reinforcement or high strength woven geotextile (Uniaxial-100kN/m)
shall be provided at the excavated level to stabilise the subgrade. Geogrid shall stabilise the
subgrade by restraining lateral shear flow.

S17000056-Rev.1-Interpretative Report Page 5 of 8

Geotechnical Investigation For The Construction Of Boundary Wall at
Al Nakheel Paper Mill Factory, ICAD-II

5. On top of the excavated level, provide layers (minimum 2 layers) of selected grade granular
structural fill material 200mm thick each to reach the elevated depth of the foundation level
(0.4m above E.G.S) and laterally to a minimum of 1.0xB (B: Width of Footings). The layers
shall be compacted by heavy vibratory roller to a degree of compaction not less than 95% of
the maximum dry density as obtained by modified proctor compaction test (ASTM D 1557 - 07
or BS1377).
6. It is recommended to keep the depth of foundation at the elevated levels above the existing
surface to keep the zone of influence of the footing at a safe distance from the soft/loose
sandy clay/silt or silty sand layer.
7. Adopting the above procedure, a net allowable bearing pressure value of 0.5 kg/cm2 is
recommended to be used for the design of rigid strip footing of B=1.6m; where B is the width
of the footing. Accordingly, 0.6kg/cm3 can be used as the moduli of subgrade reaction in the
design of strip foundation.
8. Allowable bearing pressure was determined using practical experience and the results
obtained from the field standard penetration tests and cone penetration test results and
empirical equations developed as elaborated in Clause 7.1.3 which are recommended to be
used for the design of the strip/isolated foundation with width B less than or equal to 1.6m
where B the width of the foundation.
9. Foundation settlement was checked, using the allowable bearing pressure values of 0.5
kg/cm2 and found to be less than the tolerable limit of 25mm for isolated footing with or
without tie beams and strip foundation. Most of this settlement will take place during the
construction period.
10. A suitable cover of engineered backfill (at least 0.3m) shall be provided above the top of the
foundation to protect the foundations ground from erosion and seasonal weather variation.

7.1.3 Allowable Bearing Pressure

Meyerhof (1956) proposed a correlation for the net allowable bearing pressure with the corrected
standard penetration resistance, Ncorr for a footing of least dimension B. (including a factor of
safety of 3 against shear failure). Later on Bowles (1977) incorporated the effects of depth and
allowable settlement and suggested a modified form of Meyerhof bearing pressure equation:

For B<1.22m q net ( kN / m 2 ) 19 .16 N .FD S e

25 .4
2
For B>1.22m q ( kN / m 2 ) 11.98 N .F 3.28 B  1 S e
net D
3.28 B 25.4

Where, Se is the tolerable settlement in mm and FD is a depth factor such that

Df
FD 1  0.33 u d 1.33
B
The load bearing capacity of shallow foundations is more function of structural and layout
consideration together with serviceability criteria (settlement) rather than the strength of the soils
(ultimate bearing capacity). Therefore, Bowles equations are used for the estimation of the net
allowable bearing capacity with a Meyerhof reduction factor of C=0.66 to correct the net allowable
bearing capacity.

In sand below the water table, the effective soil pressure and the confining pressure are less than
in the sand above the water table. Thus to consider the effect of presence of water table on the net
allowable bearing capacity, a correction factor provided by Peck, Hanson and Thornburn (1974) is

Dw
applied: Cw 0.5 1 
DB

S17000056-Rev.1-Interpretative Report Page 6 of 8