Monism

Monists accept that the internal and international legal systems form a unity. Both
national legal rules and international rules that a state has accepted, for example by
way of a treaty, determine whether actions are legal or illegal.[1] In most so-called
"monist" states, a distinction between international law in the form of treaties, and other
international law, e.g., customary international law or jus cogens, is made; such states
may thus be partly monist and partly dualist.

Dualism
Dualists emphasize the difference between national and international law, and require the translation
of the latter into the former. Without this translation, international law does not exist as law.

A writ of habeas corpus (literally to "produce the body") is a court order to a person
(prison warden) or agency (institution) holding someone in custody to deliver the
imprisoned individual to the court issuing the order.

writ of amparo is a remedy available to any person whose right to life, liberty and
security is violated or threatened with violation by an unlawful act or omission of a public
official or employee, or of a private individual or entity.

writ of habeas data is a remedy available to any person whose right to privacy in life,
liberty or security is violated or threatened by an unlawful act or omission of a public
official or employee, or of a private individual or entity engaged in the gathering,
collecting or storing of data or information

Writ of Kalikasan is a legal remedy under Philippine law that provides protection of
one's Constitutional right to a healthy environment, as outlined in Section 16, Article II of
the Philippine Constitution, which says the "state shall protect and advance the right of
the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in ...

Continuing Mandamus is a writ of Mandamus issued to a lower authority by the

higher authority in general public interest asking the officer or the authority to perform its
task expeditiously for an unstipulated period of time for preventing miscarriage of
justice.

Doctrine of transformation - Legal principle that the provisions of international law are enforceable in
a jurisdictions if they are adopted through customary use, court decisions (precedence), or
legislation. See also doctrine of incorporation.

Jus cogens (from Latin: compelling law; English: peremptory norm) refers to certain
fundamental, overriding principles of international law, from which no derogation is
ever permitted.