Maria Rafaela V.

Pelagio July 18, 2017

8-HOOKE RESEARCH Mrs. Dime
ASSIGNMENT #4

1. Example of an abstract for a journal article

Tissue culture as a plant production technique for horticultural crops

Akin-Idowu, P. E.1, Ibitoye, D. O.1* and Ademoyegun, O. T.2
1
Fruits and Biotechnology Programme, National Horticultural Research institute, P.M.B. 5432, Idi-Ishin, Jericho, Ibadan, Nigeria.
2
Crop Utilization Unit, National Horticultural Research Institute, P.M.B. 5432, Idi-Ishin, Jericho, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Accepted 22 June, 2009
Over 100 years ago, Haberlandt envisioned the concept of plant tissue culture and provided the groundwork for the cultivation of plant cells, tissues and organs in culture. Initially
plant tissue cultures arose as a research tool and focused on attempts to culture and study the development of small, isolated cells and segments of plant tissues. At the peak of the
plant tissue culture era in the 1980s, in a relatively short time, many commercial laboratories were established around the world to capitalize on the potential of micropropagation
for mass production of clonal plants for the horticulture industry. Today plant tissue culture applications encompass much more than clonal propagation. The range of routine
technologies has expanded to include somatic embryogenesis, somatic hybridization, virus elimination as well as the application of bioreactors to mass propagation. Perhaps the
greatest value of these tissue culture technologies lies not so much in their application to mass clonal propagation but rather in their role underpinning developments and applications
in plant improvement, molecular biology and bioprocessing, as well as being a basic research tool. Plant tissue culture technique though an underutilized tool in Nigeria, it can be
extensively applied in horticulture to increase crop production. This paper highlights some of the applications of plant tissue culture to horticulture, the achievements and limitations
of tissue culture and some insights into current and possible future developments. With rapid population growth, the total acreages of fruits, vegetables and various ornamental plants
have not been able to meet the needs of people in the developing countries.
Key words: Bioprocessing, clone, micropropagation, somatic embryogenesis, tissue culture.

1
 2. Example of an abstract for Science Investigatory Project

ABSTRACT

The researchers conducted a study about Amapalaya seeds as a substitute for Coffee beans. This study aims to make a better and cheaper product of coffee. Since coffee is the most
known beverage. Both coffee and Ampalaya give many health benefits for brain and body. With our study other individuals or departments may use this as a source for a next study.
The goal of this study is first to find out if amapalaya seeds can be used as an alternative for coffee and second to make it a cheaper and a better product than the commercially
available coffee. Ampalaya has almost the same characteristics of the commercially available coffee. It has that bitter and sour smell and taste. Since Ampalaya has more nutrients
and benefits for people, it is a better alternative coffee. There is a lot of variety of Ampalaya, it differentiates the taste and appearance of each kind. This product is healthy but easy
to do, the audience can either cook or bake the Ampalaya beans by using an oven or pan. The researchers performed two trials and showed that there is no much difference with the
commercially available coffee, based on the aroma, taste, appearance and quality. Therefore the researchers conclude that ampalaya seeds can be an alternative source for coffee.

ABSTRACT

This project entitled The Possibility of Paper out of Banana Bark examines the potential of banana bark to be an alternative paper. The purpose of this research is to identify an
alternative paper out of banana bark. The researchers gathered banana bark and sliced them within half an inch and boiled it about an hour. When the bark turned brown, it is ready
to be crushed in the blender. The researchers made four tables and each table consist of three trials. The table 1 shows that the greater the amount of banana bark used, more banana
paper produced; the table 2 shows that the greater the time of boiling the banana bark, the finer the banana paper is; the table 3 shows that the greater the amount of water used in
boiling the banana bark takes long time to dry the banana paper and the table 4 shows that the longer the time of blending the boiled banana bark, the smoother the banana paper is.
The researchers proved that the banana bark can be an alternative paper and is affordable than the commercial branded.