7/12/2017 Antenna Mapping - IET Engineering Communities

IET Welcome, please log in.

Search

Blog Home >> Wireless Communication Systems

Antenna Mapping

Antenna mapping is the combination of layer mapping and pre-coding, which

process the modulation symbols for one or two codewords to transmit them on

different antenna ports. The stages of antenna mapping are illustrated in the

next figure:

Where, RI is the Rank Indicator, for instance, a recommended number of

layers by the User Equipment (UE) and PMI is the Pre-coding Matrix Indicator,

https://communities.theiet.org/blogs/426/430 1/6
7/12/2017 Antenna Mapping - IET Engineering Communities

and it could be a recommended pre-coder matrix by the UE.

The symbols for codewords, layers and antenna ports can be individually
expressed as

In layer mapping, the modulation symbols for one or two codewords will be
mapped onto one or several layers. Except the transmission on a single
antenna port (in this case, the symbols for one code-word is directly mapped
onto one layer), there are mainly two types of layer mapping: one for spatial
multiplexing and the other for transmit diversity.

In case of spatial multiplexing, there may be one or two code-words. But the
number of layers is restricted. On one hand, it should be equal to or more than
the number of codewords. On the other hand, the number of layers cannot
exceed the number of antenna ports. The most important concept is layer.
The layers in spatial multiplexing have the same meaning as streams. They

are used to transmit multiple data streams in parallel, so the number of layers
here is often referred to as the transmission rank. In spatial multiplexing, the
number of layers may be adapted to the transmission rank, by means of the
feedback of a Rank Indicator (RI) to the layer mapping.

https://communities.theiet.org/blogs/426/430 2/6
7/12/2017 Antenna Mapping - IET Engineering Communities

In case of transmit diversity, there is only one codeword and the number of

layers is equal to the number of antenna ports. The number of layers in this
case is not related to the transmission rank, because transmit-diversity
schemes are always single-rank transmission schemes. The layers in transmit
diversity are used to conveniently carry out the following precoding by some
pre-defined matrices.

Transmit diversity for two antenna ports is based on Space Frequency Block
Coding
(SFBC), and
transmit diversity
for fourantenna portsis based on a
https://communities.theiet.org/blogs/426/430 3/6
7/12/2017 Antenna Mapping - IET Engineering Communities

combination of SFBC and Frequency Shift Transmit Diversity (FSTD).

According to the specifications, transmit diversity is implemented by a
predefined matrix. It can be seen that comparing the case of two antenna
ports, the four-antenna-port transmission has a reduced bandwidth. Note that
unlike spatial multiplexing, M apsymb in transmit diversity equals M
codeword rather than M clayersymb , which just implies that the concept of
symb

layers for the two cases are basically different.

https://communities.theiet.org/blogs/426/430 4/6
7/12/2017 Antenna Mapping - IET Engineering Communities

Posted by Natalia Molinero on Sep 14, 2013 9:43 AM Europe/London

Log in

Log in to add comments

Forgotten password?

Wireless Communication Systems

https://communities.theiet.org/blogs/426/430 5/6
7/12/2017 Antenna Mapping - IET Engineering Communities

Subscribe to blog

Lets start mentioning some names: Nexus 7, iWatch, Google Glass, Galaxy
Gear, PS 4, and iPhone 5C. Yes, they all are outstanding technological
products and, in this blog, I want to develop one shared feature by all them:
wireless communication systems. I would like to talk about signal processing,
antennas, mobile networks, optical communications, and topics related to
wireless communication systems. Therefore, I will use a technical vocabulary
and specific content, but I will try to write some posts in a more general
manner in order to be accessible to a major number of people. I would like to
introduce the next topic that Ive chosen for my next post in the following
paragraph:

During the last years, the demand for mobile communication systems has
spectacularly increased: at present, there are 6,800 million of mobile devices

for a population of 7,000 people million in the world, and it is expected that, by
2014, there will be 7,300 million, according to the ITU. That is the reason why

these systems have evolved, developing new technologies more efficient each

time. The latest standard in mobile communication systems, Long Term

Evolution (LTE) shows this evolution. It incorporates highly efficient techniques

such as OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) and other

techniques
like MIMO
(Multiple-Input
Multiple-Output).
In the
next post, we
will
https://communities.theiet.org/blogs/426/430 6/6