1 __________________ 3 _________________

___________________ ___________________
G0009 G0009

Electrical Components Electrical Components

___________________ ___________________
___________________ Resistor
accept electrical energy and later
___________________
Active and Passive Devices
Direct and Alternating Currents
___________________ dissipate it as heat
the simplest of all the electrical
___________________
___________________ ___________________

components
Conductors, Insulators, and included in a circuit to limit the
Semiconductors
___________________ ___________________
current passing through a device
Resistivity

___________________ ___________________
Resistors
+
I
___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
V
Device to be protected
X from large current

___________________ - ___________________
Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________ Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________
Page 1 of 28 Page 3 of 28

2 __________________ 4 _________________
___________________ ___________________
G0009 G0009

Electrical Components Electrical Components

___________________ ___________________
Passive Devices
device that does not supply an
___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________

average power to other devices in
the circuit
e.g. resistors, inductors,
___________________ + ___________________
capacitors, light bulb
I
___________________ V R ___________________
+
Bulb
___________________ - ___________________
___________________ ___________________
Battery

+
3V I

-
-
___________________ Resistor with Applied Voltage and Current
___________________
___________________ ___________________
Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________ Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________
Page 2 of 28 Page 4 of 28
 5 __________________ 7 _________________
___________________ ___________________
G0009 G0009

Electrical Components Electrical Components

___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
Active Device
electrical component that provides ___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
average power to other parts of Independent Current Source
the circuit produces a fixed current no matter

___________________ ___________________
e.g. ideal voltage and current what the voltage across it
sources

Independent/ Uncontrolled Voltage ___________________ ___________________

___________________ ___________________
a source with a fixed voltage is
regardless of the current through it
e.g. battery

___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________ Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________
Page 5 of 28 Page 7 of 28

6 __________________ 8 _________________
___________________ ___________________
G0009 G0009

Electrical Components Electrical Components

___________________ ___________________
3A
___________________ ___________________
5V
___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
+ +
+
I

___________________ Charging
___________________

Battery
Battery absorbing 15 W of power Circuit V V

3A ___________________ - ___________________
___________________ - -
___________________
___________________ Battery Charging
___________________
___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
Battery supplying 15 W of power

Electrical Components * Property of STI Electrical Components * Property of STI

Page 6 of 28 Page 8 of 28

Electrical Components
Dependent Voltage Source
has a voltage across its terminals
that are dependent on another
voltage or current in other parts of
the circuit
Dependent Current Source
the value of the current depends
on another voltage or current
quantity in other parts of the
circuit
Electrical Components
Electrical Components
is
Dependent Current Source
Vs + V1
- V2
Dependent Voltage Source
Electrical Components
9 __________________
___________________
G0009
Electrical Components
___________________
___________________
___________________
___________________
___________________
___________________
___________________
___________________
___________________
* Property of STI
___________________ Electrical Components
Page 9 of 28
10 _________________
___________________
G0009
Electrical Components
___________________
___________________
___________________
___________________
___________________
___________________
___________________
___________________
___________________
* Property of STI
___________________ Electrical Components
Page 10 of 28
11 ________________
___________________
G0009
___________________
C ___________________
___________________
___________________
B
Transistor Symbol
E ___________________
B C
___________________
___________________
V V gm V
E E
___________________
Transistor Model
___________________
* Property of STI
___________________
Page 11 of 28
12 ________________
___________________
G0009
___________________
+ + +
- Vi -
___________________
___________________
+
V1 V0
- -
___________________
Op-Amp Symbol ___________________
+
___________________
___________________
+ Vi +
-
+
AV +
V0
___________________
-
- - -
Op-Amp Model
___________________
* Property of STI
___________________
Page 12 of 28
 13 _________________ 15 ________________
___________________ ___________________
G0009 G0009

Direct and Alternating Conductors, Insulators, and

Currents
___________________ Semiconductors
___________________
___________________ ___________________
Direct Current (DC) Circuits ___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
circuits that are supplied or
excited by a constant current or
voltage
___________________ ___________________
Alternating Current (AC) Circuits ___________________ ___________________
circuits that are supplied or
excited by a sinusoidal current or ___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
voltage

___________________ Atomic Structure of Copper ___________________

Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________ Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________
Page 13 of 28 Page 15 of 28

14 _________________ 16 ________________
___________________ ___________________
G0009 G0009

Direct and Alternating Conductors, Insulators, and

Currents
___________________ Semiconductors
___________________
___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
I

DC
t
___________________ ___________________
Direct Current
___________________ Atomic Structure of Silicon
___________________
I
___________________ ___________________
AC ___________________ ___________________
t
___________________ ___________________
Alternating Current
___________________ Atomic Structure of Germanium
___________________
Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________ Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________
Page 14 of 28 Page 16 of 28
 17 _________________ 19 ________________
___________________ ___________________
G0009 G0009

Resistivity Resistors
___________________ ___________________
Resistance
expected to be greater for a longer
___________________

a semiconductor component
used in circuits as current limiters
___________________
wire, but lesser for a wire of larger
cross-sectional area ___________________ fixed, wire wound, or variable
___________________
depends upon the material the
wire is made up of ___________________ Fixed
made up of carbon, metal oxides,
___________________
R=
L
A ___________________ silicon, germanium and other
semiconductor materials ___________________
___________________ ___________________
where: Carbon
R = resistance made up of carbon rod having a
= resistivity
___________________ ___________________
wire connector attached on its
L = length ends
A = cross-sectional area
Metal Film
expressed in Ohm ()
___________________ consists of a tubular or solid
material made up of glass or
___________________
___________________ ___________________
Resistivity ceramic
resistance of material to the flow Wire Wound

___________________ ___________________
of electrical current used in high power applications

Electrical Components * Property of STI Electrical Components * Property of STI

Page 17 of 28 Page 19 of 28

18 _________________ 20 ________________
___________________ ___________________
G0009 G0009

Conductivity Resistors
___________________ ___________________
inverse of resistivity
___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________

unit is Siemen (S) or mho (inverted Variable

)
___________________ ___________________
resistance can be set to any
1 desired value within its range
=

___________________ Rheostat
a variable resistor connected to a
___________________
where:
= conductivity
___________________ circuit for the purpose of varying
the current ___________________
= resistivity
___________________ Potentiometer
variable resistor connected to vary
___________________
___________________ the voltage
___________________
___________________ ___________________
Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________ Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________
Page 18 of 28 Page 20 of 28
 21 _________________ 23 ________________
___________________ ___________________
G0009 G0009

Determining Values of
Resistors
___________________ Resistors
___________________
___________________ The first three bands give the
resistance value while the last band
___________________
___________________
gives the tolerance.
Band M represents the first significant
___________________
___________________ digit of the resistance.
Band N represents the second
___________________
___________________ ___________________

significant digit of the resistance.
Band O represents the multiplier.
___________________ ___________________

Band P represents the tolerance. If

silver, the tolerance is 10 %, if gold,
___________________ tolerance is 5 %. 20 % is the tolerance
if P is not present.
___________________
Potentiometer ___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________ Electrical Components
Carbon Resistor
* Property of STI
___________________
Page 21 of 28 Page 23 of 28

22 _________________ 24 ________________
___________________ ___________________
G0009 G0009

Determining Values of
Measuring Resistance
___________________ Resistors
___________________
___________________ ___________________
___________________ Color Digit Multiplier ___________________
___________________ ___________________
Black 0 100=1
Brown 1 101=10
Red 2 102=100
___________________ Orange
Yellow
3
4
103=1000
104=10000
___________________
___________________ Green
Blue
5
6
105=100000
106=1000000 ___________________
___________________ ___________________
Violet 7 107=10000000
Gray 8 108=100000000

___________________ ___________________
White 9 109=1000000000

Resistor Color Codes

Measuring the resistance value
___________________ ___________________
Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________ Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________
Page 22 of 28 Page 24 of 28
 25 _________________ 27 ________________
___________________ ___________________
G0009 G0009

Determining Values of Determining Values of

Resistors
___________________ Resistors
___________________
___________________ ___________________
Example No.1 ___________________ Example No.2 ___________________
Determine the value of the resistor
below. ___________________ Determine the value of the resistor
below. ___________________
Red Black
___________________ Brown
Black Red ___________________
Red Silver Gold
___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________ Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________
Page 25 of 28 Page 27 of 28

26 _________________ 28 ________________
___________________ ___________________
G0009 G0009

Determining Values of Determining Values of

Resistors
___________________ Resistors
___________________
___________________ ___________________
Solution:
___________________ Example No.3 ___________________
___________________ ___________________
Determine the value of the resistor
Red= 2 below.
Red= 2
Black= 1 ___________________ Gray Black
___________________
Green Gold
___________________ ___________________
Silver= 10%

The resistor value is 22 x 1 = 22 . If we are

to consider its tolerance, 10% of 22 is 2.2.
Therefore, the actual value of the resistor is
___________________ ___________________
222.2 ; that is, the resistance may range
between 19.8 and 24.2 ___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________ Electrical Components * Property of STI
___________________
Page 26 of 28 Page 28 of 28