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HYDROXIDE
Purpose
To determine the molarity of two unknown solutions of sulfuric acid, H2SO4.
Pre-Lab Discussion:
The end of the reaction, when the correct number of moles of base have been
added to just consume the acid is known as the equivalence point. We will
attempt to determine the equivalence point. This can be done with a pH
indicator.
When a pH indicator is used, a color change will occur at some point in the
titration. The point at which the pH indicator changes color is known as the end
point. If the proper indicator is chosen, the color change will occur when the
number of moles of acid equals the number of moles of base. In this case the
end point (where the indicator changes color) will equal the equivalence point.
The indicator used for this titration will be phenolphthalein. It occurs in two forms,
an acidic form, HIn, which is colorless, and a basic form, In - , which is red. The
color change that you are looking for is from colorless to pink. You want to stop
adding base when a single drop of base causes the solution to turn a light pink.
Prior to the end of the reaction the indicator is in the presence of excess acid in
the titration vessel and will exist in the colorless form, HIn. Once all the acid has
been consumed by the base, the following reaction will occur:
HIn + NaOH H2O + NaIn
If during the titration the color changes from colorless to deep red with the
addition of several drops of NaOH, you have over titrated, and must begin again.
A single drop of NaOH must change the solution from colorless to light pink. You
want to stop the titration when the slightest bit of excess NaOH has been added.
QUESTIONS:
6. Write a procedure for that would fulfill the purpose of this lab using the
material s provided.
7. Produce a data table that would be appropriate for this lab.
Chemicals: Materials:
2 Unknown M H2SO4 solutions Beaker
0.200M NaOH 125ml Erlenmeyer Flask
Phenolpthalien 50ml Burette
Ring stand and Burette clamp
Questions:
1. A student has a solution of sulfuric acid with a molarity of 0.250M. The student
finds that to reach the equivalence point, they must add 47.6ml of the acid to a
12.8 ml solution of sodium hydroxide. What is the molarity of the sodium
hydroxide solution?
2. A student has a solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) with a molarity of 0.375M.
The student finds that to reach the equivalence point, they must add 34.2.6ml
of the acid to a 12.8 ml solution of calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2. What is the
molarity of the calcium hydroxide solution?
3. A student does a titration with 5.0ml of 0.10M sulfuric acid with 0.10M sodium
hydroxide and measures the pH every 0.10ml of NaOH added. The student
graphed the data (left graph) and derived the following: