1/16/2017 Mrunal[Aptitude]Alligation:AdvancedapplicationsinInterestrates,Profitloss,AverageWages(WineWaterConcept)Mrunal

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[Aptitude]Alligation:AdvancedapplicationsinInterest
rates,Profitloss,AverageWages(WineWaterConcept)
PostedByOn19/01/2013@2:28pmInAptitude|53Comments

Case:Loantakenfromtwobanks
Case:ProfitonSinglecommodity
Case:No.ofEmployeesbasedonAvgSalary
Case:ProfitonTwocommodities
Summary
MockQuestions
Considerthesefourquestions

Dr.HaathihastakensomeloanfromStatebankofIndiaat8%interestrateperannum.Hehasalso
borrowedsomemoneyfromICICIat10%interest.ThetotalloanamountisRs.10,000.Hepays
totalRs.950asinterestrateattheendoffirstyear.HowmuchmoneydidheborrowfromtheState
bankofIndia?
JethalalpurchasedsomemobilephonememorycardsforRs.1000.Hesoldmemorycardsworth
rupeesworthRs.400at10%profit.Atwhatpercentprofitshouldheselltheremainingmemory
cards,togainoverallprofitof20%?
RoshanSinghSodhiistheownerofabighotel.TheaveragesalaryofallemployeesisRs.8500.The
averagesalaryof7cooksisRs.10,000.Iftheaveragesalaryofremainingemployees,isRs.7800.
FindthetotalnumberofpeopleemployedbyRoshanSinghSodhi.
BhidemasterboughtasetoflaptopandprinterforRs.20000.Hesoldthelaptopfor20%profitand
printerfor10%loss.Overall,hemade2%profit.Findthecostpriceoflaptop.
Superficially,^thesequestionsseemdifferentfromoneanother.Butifyoupaycloseattention,
theseareallproblemsofweightedaverage.
Wecanquicklysolvethemusingtheallegation(wineandwatermixture)method.
Case#1:Loantakenfromtwobanks
Dr.HaathihastakensomeloanfromSBIat8%interestandICICIat10%interest.
ThetotalloanamountisRs.10,000.HepaystotalRs.950asinterestrateattheendoffirstyear.
HowmuchmoneydidheborrowfromtheSBI

Thequestionismentioningtwointerestrates:8%and10%
theeffectiveinterestrate,thatDrHaathihastopay,willbeinbetweenthesetwonumbers8and
10.
ThequestionalsosaysthathepaidRs.950asinterestrate.
Sointermsofpercentagehehaspaid
(950/10000)x100=9.5%interestrate(overall).

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Arrangethesenumbersintoascending(increasing)order

Interestrate% 8 9.5 10
Bank SBI Overall ICICI
NowapplythevisualmoveofWineandwatermixture

109.5=SBIeq1
Similarly
9.58=ICICI.eq2(donotmakemistakeof89.5becausewedonotwantnegativedifference)

Divideeq.1witheq2

Ifyousimplifythisfurther,youget

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SBI/ICICI=1/3

ApplyComponendoatbottom

ButweknowthatSBI+ICICI=Rs.10,000thatDr.Haathihasborrowed!

Pluginthevalue
SBI/10000=
Therefore,SBI=10,000/4=Rs.2500
ItmeansDr.HaathihasborrowedRs.2500fromSBIBank.

Verifyingtheanswerandconcept
Amountborrowed Interestrate
SBI 2500 8%of2500=200
ICICI 10k2500=7500 10%of7500=750
Total 8500 200+750=Rs.950paidininterest=matchesthequestionDescription!0

Case:ProfitonSinglecommodity
JethalalpurchasedsomemobilephonememorycardsforRs.1000.
HesoldmemorycardsworthrupeesworthRs.400at10%profit.
Atwhatpercentprofitshouldheselltheremainingmemorycards,togainoverallprofitof20%?
Healreadymade10%profitonpartofhiscard.
Ifhewantstohaveoverall(average)profitof20%thenhemustselltheremainingcardsataprofit
higherthan20%
ThequestionsayshesoldcardsworthRs.400(costprice).Meaningthecostpriceofremaining
cardsis1000400=Rs.600
Drawatable.

Profit 10% 20% M%

Overall
Cardsworth(costprice) 400 1000400=600
Applythevisualmoveofwinewatermixture
M20=400.eq1
2010=600.eq2(donotmakemistakeof1020becausewedontwantnegative)
NowDivideequation1withequation2

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Meaning,ifJethalalwantstomakeoverallprofitof20%,hemustselltheremainingmemorycards
@26(2/3)%interestrate.

Verifyingtheanswer
Cardsalreadysold@10%
10%x400=Rs.40
interest
Remainingcardssell@26
26(2/3)%x600=Rs.160
(2/3)
Rs40+160=200.And200is20%ofRs.1000soitmatchesour
Totalprofit
questioncondition.

Case:No.ofEmployeesbasedonAvgSalary
RoshanSinghSodhiistheownerofabighotel.
TheaveragesalaryofallemployeesisRs.8500.
Theaveragesalaryof7cooksisRs.10,000.
Iftheaveragesalaryofremainingemployees,isRs.7800.Findthetotalnumberofpeople
employedbySodhi.
Thequestionistalkingaboutthreesetsofsalaries
7800>8500(average)>10000
Supposetotalnumberofemployees=m.
Andwealreadyknowthereare7cooks.
Soremainingemployees=totalminus7=m7.

Drawthetable.

Salary(Rs.) 7800 8500 10000

Overall
Employees(total=m) m7 7cooks

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Applythevisualmove
10,000minus8500=(m7)eq1
8500minus7800=7eq2
NowDivideequation1withequation2

Whenyousimplifythisfurther,yougetm=22
Therefore,Totalnumberofemployeesis22.

Verification
Number Avg.salary TotalcosttoSodhi
Cooks 7 10000 7x10k=70k
Others 15 7800 1,17,000
Total 15+7=22 70k+1,17,000=1,87,000
Avgsalaryofallemployees
=(Totalsalarypaid)/(Totalnumberofemployees)
=187000/22
=Rs.8500=matchesthequestioncondition.

Case:ProfitonTwocommodities
BhidemasterboughtasetoflaptopandprinterforRs.20000.
Hesoldthelaptopfor20%profitandprinterfor10%loss.
Overall,hemade2%profit.Findthecostpriceoflaptop.
Approach
Welltake10%loss=10%
Nowthequestionistalkingaboutthreerates:10%,+2%(avg)and+20%

Profit/loss 10% 2% 20%

Overall
Costprice Printer Laptop
Thatsit.JustapplythevisualmoveBUTwithcare!
20minus2=printereq1

BeCarefulwhileapproachingsecondequation
2minus(10)=laptop

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2(10)=laptop
Hence2+10=laptopeq2

Restiseasy.Justdivideeq.1witheq.2

Whenyousimplifyitfurther,yougettheratio
printer/laptop=3/2
wereinterestedintheCostpriceoflaptop.Sowellapplycomponendo@top

Butquestionalreadysaidhattotalinvestment(costprice)ofprinter+laptop=Rs.20000
Pluginthevalue
20000/laptop=5/2
Thereforecostpriceoflaptop=(2/5)x20000=Rs.8000

Verification
Costprice Profit/loss
Laptop 8,000 20%profiton8k=1600
Printer 20,0008000=12,000 10%losson12k=Minus1200
Total 20,00 16001200=+400Rs.asprofit
SooverallhereceivedRs.400profitontheinvestmentofRs.20,000
=(400/20000)x100
=2%profit=matchestheconditiongiveninquestionstatement.

Summary
Weightedaveragemethodworkswhenweve3rates(includingoneaverage)and2quantities.

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Firstarrangetheratesinascendingorder.Thendrawthetablewithcorrespondingratesand
quantities.
Applyvisualmoveandgettheanswer.

MockQuestions
Case:JournalistPopatlaltooksomeloanfromMatkaaKingMohanlal@36%interestrateandsome
loanfromTaarakMehta@10%interestrate.TotalmoneyborrowedRs.6000.Attheendoffirst
year,PopatpaidtotalinterestofRs.912.Answerfollowingquestions

Totalamountborrowed
MoneyborrowedfromMehta
MoneyborrowedfromMohan
Effectiveinterestrateontotalborrowing?
Case:Jethalalboughtachair+tableset@Rs.6000.LaterhesoldChair@10%lossandtable@10
profit.OverallhegainedRs.100.Answerfollowingquestions

CostpriceofChair
CostpriceofTable
SellingpriceofChair
SellingPriceofTable
Case:InTappusclass,theaverageweightofboysandgirlsis77.5kg,70kgrespectively.Overall
averageweightofallstudentsis74kg.

FindRatioofBoys:girls
Iftotalnumberofstudentsis30,howmanyboysstudyinTappusclass?
Atpresent,totalnumberofstudentsis60.Ifschooladministrationwantstohaveequalnumberof
boysandgirlsinthisclass,howmanynewgirlsshouldbeadmitted?
Case:Inastate,totalnumberofDesiliquordensandLandmafiasis100.TheypaytotalRs.1650
croresbribetohomeministereveryyear.AveragebribepaidbyeachDesiliquordenandlandmafia
is15croresand20croresrespectively.

Findtotalnumberoflandmafiasinthisstate
Finaltotalbribepaidbytheselandmafias
Owingtomediapressure,thehomeministerorderspolicetoclosedownsomeofthedesiliquor
dens.Nowhistotalbribeincomedeclinedby20%.Whatisthenewratioofliquorden:landmafias?
Case:Aparkinglothasonlycarsandbikes.Averagenumberoftirespervehicleis2.9.Thereare
55bikesinthisparkingplot.

Findtotalnumberofcars
If5carsareaddedand5bikesareremoved,whatllbethenewaveragenumberoftiresper
vehicle?
Answers
Popatin TotalborrowedRs.6000
4800fromMehta
debt
1200fromMohanlal.
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15.2%interestrate(overall)
CostpriceChair=2500
Jetha CPTable=3500.
SellingpriceofTable(+10%profit)=1.1x3500=3850
SellingpriceofChair(10%loss)=0.9x2500=2250
Boys/Girls=8/7
School 16boysand14girls.
4newgirlsneedtobeadmitted.
Avg.annualbribeis1650/100=16.5Nowtheratesare15>>16.5>>20.Ratioof
liquordens:mafia=7:3.Sincetotalare100,numberofMafia=3/10x100=30.
Home 30mafiaxavg20crores=600crorespaidbythem.
minister 20%of1650=330.And330/15=22liquordenswerecloseddown.Sonewratiois
(7022):30=48:30=8/5
Parking Numberofcars=45.
lot Newavg.no.oftirespervehicle=3
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